GREArgument实战准备方略

GRE Argument实战准备方略，快来一起学习吧，分享下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

GRE Argument实战准备方略

随着GRE作文考试的普及，其对考生真实写作能力的反馈，使越来越多的学校要求申请入学的学生提供此项成绩。GREAnalyticalWriting部分包括：presenting your perspective on an issue(写作时间为45分钟)和argument analysis(写作时间为30分钟)两部分。

要写好GRE写作中的Argument部分，首先要熟悉一下思路及写作方式。一些人写GRE文章，喜欢用专业性的逻辑用语，其实没有必要，就事论事比较好。在批驳的时候为了显得有力，可以多用用for example，it is possible that，it is likely that之类的句型，因为argument就是挑错与找茬的过程，如果实在觉得错误不好找，那么就根据每一句话批，基本上，每一个表示原因的句子中都可能存在逻辑错误。

一、关于论证、论据和论点

有人认为，argument背一下错误分类就可以了。但是在实践中这些只是次要的方面，主要的还在于寻找论述者的论据和事实是否对论点做了充分且必要的证明。只有找出他们之间的缺点和不足文章才会流畅。掌握逻辑的因果关系，更好的把握文章的结论会写出更漂亮的文章，而不是仅仅的survey、response、data等一些谁都用的东西，无论什么都是越具体越有说服力。

要注意论据与论点之间的承接和递进，这一点也是造成文章微观上逻辑不好的重要原因。往往是这样一种情况：大体上看总论点分论点结尾很明确清楚，可一到具体的每一段，就感觉跟在论点之后的论据来得很突兀，只是论点—论据—结尾，缺少了深入的分析和思考。这就要求我们在论点和论据之间加一些适当的分析性语言过渡一下;在论点和每一段的结论之间如果适合的话也分析或递进一下。

二、关于论证方法

例证是第一推荐的论证方法。首先写作文不像做数学题目：照着公理定律往下一步步推就行了。现实世界中放之四海而皆准的东西寥寥无几，用逻辑的方法推演往往会使文章显得说服力不强。其次，推理对语言的要求往往比叙事要高得多;要是再用英文写作，犯错误的概率就更大了。再次，虽说字数不是最重要的，但一定的字数对于想拿高分的同学还是非常必要的;而从字数上来考虑，例证要占优势。

每一个argument都有它的独特性，关键是通过总结模版了解怎样论述批驳一个观点，说明一个问题的思路很重要，针对性也很重要。有的题目，如果用例子来说明，会更好一些，事实胜于雄辩吗。

文章有没有说服力，其实例子几个就够了。所举例子一定要能充分证明论点，因为例子不好不恰当几乎是每篇文章都有的问题。关键是能不能灵活的应用，能不能服务于论点，还有就是生活中身边的例子我们最最熟悉的那些才是最生动的，最独特的，也是最有说服力的，尤其是教育类能用上很多。一般最有说服力的不是那些放之四海皆准的闪光句型。例子是很个性化的东西，大家都用一样的例子，又有什么意思?例子的选择不一定必须是名人名言或名人的事迹，也不一定非得投老外的口味，用外国的例子，身边的小事也可以的，能充分证明观点即可。

使用和自己生活、专业结合比较多的例子。比较好的原因有二：一是自己比较熟悉，可以自圆其说，二是就是自己的东西，不用花太多心思去背。当然了，这不是说，不需要你去扩充你的例子，而是要有针对性的去扩充，有一些可以普遍使用的例子还是应该熟练掌握的。可以找些这种用途广泛的例子储备。

三、关于备考方略

首先，必须尽早开始限时练习。有很多人都以为刚开始写好一点花多长时间都值得其实到后来发现根本不是这样，限时和不限时两种感觉完全不同。限时之后就会发现，没有固定的套路在三十分钟内基本不可能完整的写出一篇从没见过的argument。这里的套路不是大家都熟知的在网上和书上流行的摸版。而是自己总结出来的一套写作模式，更重要的是思维模式。

一般不推崇使用模版，每个人要有自己的写作套路，别人的模版尽量不要直接拿来用，毕竟那些还是别人的东西，最好自己能弄出来自己的风格来。而写作套路，就是仁者见仁，智者见智的事情了，练习作多了，提纲列多了，基本就出来了。

其次，要勤写，多写。做事不但要讲效率，更要讲效果。写的多了未必就有效果，很可能是在重复以前早就写过的论点，早就用过的论据。关键在于写一篇要有一篇的效果。

第三，还要多改。写完之后立即改;自己改完之后再请别人改;放一段时间以后再回过头来自己改。修改多次之后自然会有提高。

最好，平时一定要注意积累。句型、短语和相关单词的收集和分类很重要。比如对教育类的主题，一些的单词和短语是比较有针对性的，单词和短语最好从报纸、网页、国外的范文里或者网上经典文章里搜集，如果自己乱猜乱凑可能适得其反，而且每次用都觉得心里七上八下。

一些相关的文科知识是必须具备的。比如经常遇到的民主、自由、政府、和平等等，这些东西虽然大家都懂，但都不是很深入的了解。系统的看一些相关的文章可以帮助我们理解它们的正确含义。

GRE考试范文精选：探讨男女分校的利弊

A lot of countries have schools that focus only on the males or females. What are the advantages and disadvantages of unisexual schools?

(Sample 1)

Imagine being asked to spend twelve or so years of years of your life in a society that consisted only of members of your own sex, how would you react? Unless there was something definitely wrong with you, you wouldn't be too happy about it, to say the least. But the fact is that segregated schools shoot up very rapidly around the world, furthermore, so many parents choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children- conditions which they themselves wouldn't put up with for one minute!

Many sociologists and educationalists present their views on this issue from both sides. Those advocates of segregated schools argue that children from segregated schools have greater achievements academically. Socially in athletic and have greater self-confidence. Further, there are many more practical advantages in segregated schools such as administration. Adolescent problems can be dealt with better and more easily. Lastly in many countries, the most famous schools are segregated. It is a wonderful proof of their worth.

On the other side, those advocates of co-education point out that any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. One of the chief aims of education is equip future citizens with all they require to take their places in adult society which is made up of men and women. When segregated, boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. Rivalry between the sexes is fostered. Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock. Segregated schools sometimes provide the right condition for sexual deviation and make children lack of healthy attitude to life that co-education encourages.

To sum up, every coin has double sides but from my point of view, I believe that though segregated schools have successfully existed for centuries it is about time somebody exploded that hoary old myth about segregated schools being the better place for your children.

(Sample 2)

Boy schools and girl schools shoot up very rapidly both in foreign countries and at home. In China, girl schools have enjoyed a very long history since one hundred years ago. Many sociologists and educationalists present their views on this issue from different angles. In this essay, I will zero in on the advantages and disadvantages of the controversial phenomenon.

Some parents prefer to send their children to boy schools or girl schools in the hope that their children can concentrate on study and acquire adequate knowledge and skills because unisexual schools can make out appropriate curriculum and courses for students according to their sexual characteristics. In some girl schools, students have a wider choice of courses such as dancing, music, embroidery and drawing, which can cultivate their feminine elegance and charm.

Furthermore, students can devote themselves fully to their study and will not be distracted. Campus love affairs are very common in the current society under the influence of media. Boy schools and girl schools can eradicate contact between different sexes and purify the campus environment.

Of course, some experts point out that boy schools and girl schools are not beneficial to the adolescent development of students. They believe that boys or girls are likely to develop their abilities and stimulate their imagination when they are studying with the opposite sexes. Besides, students can cultivate their interpersonal skills. Some other people think that separating boys from girls can cause some psychological problems to youngsters. Meanwhile, this separation affects social progress and lead to sexism. Investigation shows that graduates from unisexual schools are not aware how to get along with their colleagues in their career.

To sum up, everything has double folds. Unisexual schools are of no exception. From my point of view, I think the existence of unisexual schools meets the need of some parents. But it is definitely not a paradise for their children.

GRE写作官方题库高频ARGUMENT题目满分范文分享：cheating among college and university students

GRE作文官方题库ARGUMENT题目：

According to a recent report, cheating among college and university students is on the rise. However, Groveton College has successfully reduced student cheating by adopting an honor code, which calls for students to agree not to cheat in their academic endeavors and to notify a faculty member if they suspect that others have cheated. Groveton's honor code replaced a system in which teachers closely monitored students; under that system, teachers reported an average of thirty cases of cheating per year. In the first year the honor code was in place, students reported twenty-one cases of cheating; five years later, this figure had dropped to fourteen. Moreover, in a recent survey, a majority of Groveton students said that they would be less likely to cheat with an honor code in place than without. Thus, all colleges and universities should adopt honor codes similar to Groveton's in order to decrease cheating among students.

【满分范文赏析】

In this report the author concludes that colleges should adopt an honor code in order to reduce the frequency of cheating. To support this conclusion the author points out that the first year after switching from a monitoring system to an honor system the annual number of reported cheating incidents at Groveton College decreased from 30 (as reported by teachers) to 21 (as reported by students following the honor code) and that five years later the number decreased to 14. The author also cites a survey in which most students indicated they would be less likely to cheat under an honor system than if they are closely monitored. This argument is unconvincing for several reasons.

【本段结构】

本文采用了标准的Argument开头段结构，即C—A—F的开头结构。本段首先概括原文的Conclusion，之后简要提及原文为支持其结论所引用的一系列Assumption及细节，最后给出开头段到正文段的过渡句，指出原文的Flaw，即这些Assumption无法让原文的结论具有说服力。

【本段功能】

作为Argument开头段，本段具体功能就在于发起攻击并概括原文的结论，即大学应该采取和Groveton College相同的Honor code制度以用来避免学生们考试作弊的情况。本段接下来提到了原文中为支持之前的Conclusion所提供的证据，即在采用这种制度后，报告的学生作弊人数下降了，以及一个能表明学生们对于考试作弊态度的调查。文章提及这些信息，为是在正文段中对这些Assumption即将进行的具体攻击做铺垫。

First and foremost, the argument relies on the assumptions that Groveton students are just as capable of detecting cheating as faculty monitors, and that these students are just as likely to report cheating whenever they observe it. However, without evidence to substantiate these assumptions one cannot reasonably conclude that the honor code has, in fact, resulted in a decline in the incidence of cheating at Groveton.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第一个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第一段，本段攻击原文所犯的第一个重要逻辑错误——类比类错误。原文假设，学生们拥有和教师一样的检测出其他学生考试作弊的能力，但事实上这种类比并不一定成立。所以，原文的这个假设是不合理的。

The argument also assumes that during the five-year period, all other conditions possibly affecting the reported incidence of cheating at Groveton remained unchanged. Such conditions include the number of Groveton students and the overall integrity of the student body. After five years it is entirely possible that these conditions have changed and that the reported decrease in cheating is attributable to one or more such changes. Thus, without ruling out such alternative explanations for the reported decrease, the argument fails to convince me that the honor code has, in fact, contributed to a decline in the incidence of cheating at Groveton.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第二个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第二段，本段攻击原文所犯的第二个重要逻辑错误——类比类错误。原文假设在这五年中，Groveton College的其它条件并没有改变。但事实上一旦这些条件发生了改变，原文当中的数据和细节信息不足以说明这种防作弊制度的真实效果。所以，原文的关于这种过去和现在的时间类比是不合理的。

Finally, the survey that the author cites might be unreliable in any of three respects: the author fails to assure us that the survey's respondents are representative of all college students, the survey results depend on the honesty and integrity of the respondents and hypothetical predictions about one's future behavior are inherently less reliable than reports of proven behavior. Lacking credible evidence from a reliable survey, the recommendation for the widespread adoption of the honor system becomes invalid.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第三个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第三段，本段攻击原文所犯的第三个重要逻辑错误——样本类错误。原文假设采用的调查是有说服力的，但该调查所抽取的学生样本并不一定是具有代表性的，有可能学生们的回答和他们今后的行为是有差异的。所以，原文的这个样本类假设是不成立的。

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