托福阅读不同年龄考生如何备考

若水1147由分享时间：2020-09-03 04:19:25

托福阅读不同年龄考生如何备考?从词汇开始打基础。今天给大家带来了托福阅读不同年龄考生如何备考,希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读不同年龄考生如何备考?从词汇开始打基础

托福阅读不同年龄段考生如何准备词汇?

√如果你是一个初中生，准备要考托福。大家首先要准备的是四级词汇。

√如果你是一个高中生，词汇方面可以先准备四六级词汇。

√如果你是一个大学生，已考完四六级，而且掌握比较好的情况下，可以准备"纯种"托福词汇。

背单词是为了更好的服务于语言的听、说、读、写四项能力。所以不能急于一时，正所谓"放长线钓大鱼"。寄希望于背完一本词汇书就可以将词汇很好的掌握，那是拔苗助长，没准会走火入魔。所以背完词汇，巩固词汇，进一步掌握词汇也非常重要。

托福阅读备考如何巩固不同水平词汇?

巩固词汇最好的方式就是广泛阅读。在文章中体会词汇的具体使用环境。针对不同等级的词汇，我们给大家一些阅读资源来帮大家巩固。这些材料取材广泛，大部分是免费资源，同学们可以根据自己不同的兴趣爱好去选择喜欢的材料阅读。

四六级词汇巩固阅读材料

精读：四六级真题阅读题目精选

泛读：China Daily

托福及托福以上词汇巩固阅读材料

精读：托福官方真题Official文章

泛读：各类原版报刊杂志

精读要求

把不认识的单词短语全部查清楚(词汇);

把不明白的表达方法全部弄明白(语法);

总结每段的段落大意;

总结每个例子是为了支持什么观点而写的;

总结作者的写作思路和写作意图。

泛读要求

把不认识的单词短语全部查清楚(词汇);

把不明白的表达方法全部弄明白(语法)。

当然，词汇的准备要下苦工，更需要掌握一定的记忆方法。在这方面，英语词汇的记忆还是有章可循的。词根词缀就像汉子的偏旁部首一样，可以帮助我们把孤立的词汇穿成网络。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：早期工业化国家的成功因素

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

The key factor in the success of these countries ( along with high literacy, which contributed to it ) was their ability to adapt to the international division of labor determined by the early industrializers and to stake out areas of specialization in international markets for which they were especially well suited.

结构划分：

The key factor ( in the success of these countries) ( alongwith high literacy, which contributed to it) was their ability ( to adapt to the international division of labor) (determined by the early industrializers) and (to stake out areas of specialization in international markets) (for which they were especially well suited.)

深度分析：

这个句子的主干就是：

The key factor was their ability

后面两个不定式的并列：

(to adapt to the international division of labor determined by the early industrializers)

and

(to stake out areas of specialization ininternational markets for which they were especially well suited. )

修饰一：(in the success of these countries) ，介词短语，修饰the key factor

中文：在这些国家的成功中

修饰二：(along with high literacy, which contributed to it) ，介词短语，修饰these countries

中文：拥有促进他们成功的高文化水平

修饰三：(to adapt to the international division of labor) ，非谓语动词，修饰ability

中文：适应国际劳动分工

修饰四：(determined by the early industrializers)，非谓语动词，修饰the international division of labor

中文：早期工业化国家决定的

修饰五：(to stake out areas of specialization in international markets) ，非谓语动词，修饰ability

中文：领他们特别合适的国际市场中的专门领域

修饰六：(for which they were especiallywell suited.)，从句，修饰markets

中文：他们特别适合的

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：打哈欠的科学原理和作用

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

According to conventional theory, yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy and serves the function of increasing alertness by reversing, through deeper breathing, the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallow breathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.

词汇讲解：

conventional /kən'vɛnʃənl/ adj. 传统的;老套的，千篇一律的;约定的

alertness /ə'lə:tnis/ n. 警戒，机敏

reverse /rɪ'vɜːs/ v. 使(某物)反转; 将(某物)翻转;转变

结构划分：

(According to conventional theory), yawning takes place (when people are bored or sleepy)and serves the function (of increasing alertness) (by reversing, through deeper breathing, the drop in blood oxygen levels) (that are caused by the shallow breathing) (that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom).

深度分析：

这个句子的主干就是：

yawning takes place and serves the function

修饰一：(According to conventional theory)，介词短语

中文：根据传统理论

修饰二：(when people are bored or sleepy)，从句

中文：当人们感到厌烦或困倦时

修饰三：(of increasing alertness)，介词短语

中文：增强警觉

修饰四：(through deeper breathing)，插入语

中文：通过深呼吸

修饰五：(by reversing, through deeper breathing, the drop inblood oxygen levels)，介词短语，注意这里修饰四的插入语隔开了，断句别出错

中文：通过浅呼吸逆转血液中氧含量的下降

修饰六：(that are caused by the shallow breathing)，从句，修饰the drop in blood oxygen levels

中文：是通过浅呼吸导致的

修饰七：(that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom)，从句修饰，theshallow breathing

中文：伴随着缺乏睡眠或厌烦

参考翻译：

根据传统理论，打哈欠会在当人们感到厌烦或困倦时发生，并且打哈欠通过深呼吸逆转血液中氧含量的下降(这种下降是由伴随着缺乏睡眠或厌烦的浅呼吸造成的)起到提升警觉的作用。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：荷兰人开发优良港口

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

The people of the Netherlands, with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping, had difficulty in developing good harbors suitable for steamships:eventually they did so at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, with exceptional results for transit trade with Germany and central Europe and for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials (sugar, tobacco, chocolate, grain, andeventually oil).

词汇讲解：

mercantile /'mɜːk(ə)ntaɪl/ adj. 贸易的，商业的

exceptional /ɪk'sɛpʃənl/ adj. 异常的，杰出的，突出的

结构划分：

The people of the Netherlands, (with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping),had difficulty (in developing good harbors suitable for steamships): eventually they did so at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, (with exceptional results) (for transit trade with Germanyand central Europe) and (for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and rawmaterials) (sugar,tobacco, chocolate, grain, and eventually oil).

深度分析：

修饰一：(with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping) ，介词短语，修饰The people of the Netherlands

中文：有着长期渔业和商业海运传统

修饰二：(in developing good harbors suitable for steamships) ，介词短语

中文：在发展适合蒸汽船的好港口

修饰三：(with exceptional results) ，介词短语

中文：有杰出的成果

修饰四：(for transit trade with Germany and central Europe) ，介词短语

中文：因为和德国以及中欧的贸易

修饰五：(for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials) ，介词短语

中文：加工海洋产品以及原材料

参考翻译：

有着长期渔业和商业海运传统的荷兰人，在发展适合蒸汽船的好港口上有困难：最后他们在Rotterdam and Amsterdam这样做了，并因为和欧洲以及中欧的贸易以及加工海洋产品以及原材料(如糖、烟草、巧克力、谷物以及油)，从而取得了杰出的成果。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：被广泛使用的生态系统术语

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

With "climax," "biome," "superorganism," and various other technical terms for the association of animals and plants at a given locality being criticized, the term "ecosystem" was more and more widely adopted for the whole system of associated organisms together with the physical factor s of their environment.

词汇讲解：

technical adj. 使用术语的, 专业的

term n. 术语

结构划分：

(With "climax," "biome,""superorganism," and various other technical terms) (for the association of animals and plants) (at a given locality) (being criticized), the term "ecosystem" was more and more widely adopted (for the whole system)(of associated organisms) (together with the physical fact ors of their environment.)

深度分析：

这个句子的主干就是：

the term "ecosystem" was more and more widely adopted

修饰一：(With "climax,""biome," "superorganism," and various other technical terms) ，介词短语

中文：随着“顶峰”、“生物群系”、“超级有机体”

修饰二：(for the association of animals and plants)，介词短语

中文：关于动植物联系

修饰三：(at a given locality) ，介词短语

中文：在一个给定的地点

修饰四：(being criticized) ，非谓语动词

中文：被批评

修饰五：(for the whole system) ，介词短语

中文：对于这个系统

修饰六：(of associated organisms) ，介词短语

中文：相互联系的有机体

修饰七：(together with the physical factors of their environment.) ，介词短语

中文：以及它们环境中的物理因素

参考翻译：

随着“顶峰”、“生物群系”、“超级有机体”(它们用来描述一个给定地点的动植物联系)以及各种其它专业术语受到批评，对于相互联系的有机体以及它们环境中的物理因素形成的整体系统来说，这个术语“生态系统”越来越被广泛采用。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：大量物种周期性灭绝假说

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

The possibility that mass extinctions may recur periodically has given rise to such hypotheses as that of a companion star with a long-period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits, making some of them fall to Earth asmeteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact.

词汇讲解：

recur /rɪ'kɜː/ v. 再发生，复发

periodically adv.定期地，周期性发生地

hypothesis /haɪ'pɑθəsɪs/ n. 假说，假设

deflect /dɪ'flɛkt/ v. (使某物)运动转向;使某人改变原来的计划

meteor /'miːtɪə/ n. 流星

devastation /ˌdevə'steɪʃn/ n. 毁坏，荒废

impact /ɪm'pækt/ n. 撞击，冲击;影响

such sth as/that...：(像後面提及的)那样的, 这样的

结构划分：

The possibility (that mass extinctions may recur periodically) has given rise to such hypotheses as that (of a companion star)(with a long-period orbit) (deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits), (making some of them fall to Earth as meteors) and (causing widespread devastation upon impact).

深度分析：

这个句子的主干很简单：

The possibility has given rise to such hypotheses

注意这里的such sth as/that...：(像後面提及的)那样的, 这样的

例如：

Such a disaster as her car being stolen had never happened before.

Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.

修饰一：(that mass extinctions may recur periodically)，从句，解释possibility

中文：大量物种灭绝可能会周期性发生

修饰二：(of a companion star) ，介词短语

中文：一颗伴星

修饰三：(with a long-period orbit) ，介词短语