2020新托福阅读评分标准解析

新托福考试阅读一共有42道题，但是阅读总分却只有30分，那么新托福阅读是怎么算分的呢?评分标准是怎么样的呢?下面小编就和大家分享新托福阅读评分标准解析!来欣赏一下吧。

新托福阅读评分标准解析 原来托福阅读是这样算分的!

一. 阅读评分标准解析

其实阅读题分数是有一个转化过程的，阅读题的原始分值和转化后的对应分值。新托福阅读每篇题量为12-14题，每篇阅读除了最后一道题为2分外，其余题目分值都是1分，所以托福阅读总的原始分值为45分。所以。同学们如果在考试中因为时间问题迫不得已要舍弃一道题目时，尽量不要舍弃小结题。一般情况下，这类题目是多选题，6个中选择3个，选错一个扣一分，错2个或3个不得分。

那么具体对应的分值转换又是怎么样的呢?我们一起来看看下面的表格就明白了：

二. 影响阅读成绩的其他因素

如果阅读遇到加试，也有可能会影响阅读成绩。那么阅读加试是如何影响阅读成绩的呢?考试中只有一部分考生会遇到阅读加试，没有遇到加试的考试成绩不会有变动，按照上述评分标准来评分。但是参加加试的考生成绩可能会因为加试题目的情况，成绩产生一些变动，具体细则如下：

(1)如果考试正确率比加试正确率高，说明考题偏容易，也就是高分档的学生比较多，那么ETS将给分数的分布作相应的调整，也就是给一些高分的学生减分。给哪些学生减分呢?当然是加试做得不好的学生。

(2)如果考试正确率比加试正确率低，说明考题偏难，也就是低分档的学生比较多，那么ETS将给分数的分布作相应的调整，也就是给一些低分的学生加分。给哪些学生加分呢?当然是加试做得好的学生。

(3)如果考试正确率和加试正确率持平，实现了正态分布，考生的分数则不需要调整了。

之所以分数有波动是因为ETS为了在考生水平有波动的情况下，仍然能够给予考生一个相对较为公平的分数。

托福阅读备考之100个必懂短语

1. a couple of 两三个，几个

Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not  completed until a couple of years later.

2. account for 解释

Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired  account for the differences in texture and appearance.

3. adapt to 使适应于

They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.

4, adorn with sth 用…装饰

Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations.

5.appeal to 吸引

Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to  both children and adults

6.apply to 适用于

Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the  1960’s.

7.at best 充其量，最多

Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the diet  is supplemented with seeds and fruits.

8.at intervals 相隔一定距离

However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to  100 times faster than usual.

9.at the expense of sth 在损害…的情况下

A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of  other creatures.

10.at the height of sth 在…最鼎盛时期

The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the  eighteenth century.

11.back and forth 来回地

They then spiral back and forth between the Earth's magnetic poles very  rapidly.

12.be absent from 缺席，不在

Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women line  were not considered an important force in history.

13.be capable of 能…的

Many animals are capable of using objects in the natural environment as  rudimentary tools.

14. be characterized by 以…为特征

The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow, dorsal  nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement, the brain.

15.be composed of 由…组成

Ocean life is primarily composed of plants.

16.be concerned with 与某事物有关

Ethnology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of  behavior and its Evolutionary history.

17.be distinct from 与…不同

Jupiter and the other giant planets are of a low-density type quite  distinct from the terrestrial planets

18.be essential to 对…不可缺少

Public performance is essential to verbal art.

19.be exposed to 使接触，使遭受

Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air.

20.be far from 离…很远，根本不是

But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces  that have established an optimal time and duration.

21. be hostile to 极不友好的，极厌恶的

Ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans

22.be regarded as 被认为是

Humanity's primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and  number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics.

23.be related to 与…有关的，相联系的

Why is dancing closely related to popular music in the United States?

24. be responsible for 对…负责

In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible  for most of the energy that stars produce.

25. be sensitive to 对…敏感的

Ants can be extremely sensitive to these signals.

26.be subjected to 经历，遭受

Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried  and subjected to increased temperatures and pressures, transforming it into  petroleum.

27. be superior to 优越于

Natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones

28 .be traced to 找出根源

The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments  of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

29. be/become aware of 意识到，认识到

People became aware of the new service by word of mouth or newspaper  advertisements.

30. be/become/get accustomed to 习惯于

In the harsh environment of northern Europe, Scandinavian women had been  accustomed to practicing forms of shifting cultivation, and they immediately  understood Native American horticulture.

31. be/become/get involved in 与…有关联的

Two distinct processes are involved in molting.

32.benefit from 从…中受益

Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.

33.break down 分解

All of these forces slowly break down the Earth's exposed rocky crust into  smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay.

34.by far 到目前为止

Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the  preservation of fossils.

35.by means of 通过，凭借

The topic of the passage is developed primarily by means of Adividing the  discussion into two major areas.

36.by virtue of 由于

Many are uninhabitable, by virtue of their small size and particular  characteristics

37.confine to 限制在一定范围之内

The delivery service was at first confined to cities.

38.conform to 符合

Parks should be designed to conform to the topography of the area

39.contribute to 有贡献，有助于

Transportation contributed to the development and maintenance of trade.

40.cope with 对付

Under certain circumstance the human body must cope with gases at  greater-than-normal atmospheric pressure.

41.date back to 始于

In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II.

42. depend on 依靠

The gulls depend on the falcons for protection.

43. deprive sb/sth of sth 剥夺..某事物

Plant stems die when deprived of water.

44.derive from 获得，起源于

Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input.

45.due to 由于，因为

Due to their dense structure, iron meteorites have the best chance of  surviving an impact, and most are found by farmers plowing their fields.

46. evolve from/out of 从...进化来，从…发展来

The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama  evolved from ritual.

47.extract from 提取

It turns out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by  putting the rocks in an acid bath.

48.feed on 以…为食物

Predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals.

49.focus on 集中(注意力)于

They focus on the meaning of their parents' words.

50. get rid of 处理掉

Atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves, without any  outside intervention.

51.give access to 向…开放

To connect the pueblos and to give access to the surrounding tableland, the  architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending  cliff faces.

52.give birth to 使诞生，引起

Most insects lay eggs, but some give birth to live young.

53.give off 发散，发出

If Jupiter were larger, it would give off much less heat.

54.give rise to 引起，导致

The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical  style.

55.go beyond 超过，越过

An interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's  underlying feelings and reasons.

56.go out of business 停业，关门

The shop went out of business.

57.have nothing to do with 与…无关

A species’ survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to  adapt.

58.impart to 传授给

They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders impart tribal lore to the  younger generation.

59.impose on 强加于

New regulations were imposed on nontraditional education.

60.in common 共同

No two comets ever look identical, but they have basic features in  common.

61.in favor of 赞同，支持

The artist was in favor of a traditional style of painting.

62.in quantity 大量，大批

There were also a number of poor-quality figurines and painted pots  produced in quantity by easy, inexpensive means.

63.in season 当季

Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most  foods only in season.

64.in spite of 尽管，任凭

In spite of problems with their condition, restoration, and preservation  many panel paintings have survived.

65.in the absence of 在缺乏…的情况下

The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than  the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human  activities.

66.in view of 由于

In view of the rate at which the radio sources emit energy, they should  disappear in a few million years.

67.instead of 代替

Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves.

68.invest in 投资

He started to invest in the town’s cultural development.

69.lead to 导致，引起

In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the rate of change humans are  inflicting, even more than the changes themselves that will lead to biological  devastation.

70.leave out 排除

Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at  all and ascribe actions entirely to instinct leave many questions  unanswered.

71.off the mark 不正确

This analogy is not far off the mark.

72.on behalf of 代表

Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth though rarely to  any action on behalf of truth.

73. on the basis of 在…的基础上

Antoine Lavisher, on the basis of careful experimentation, was led to  propose a different theory of burning

74.owing to 由于，因为

Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the  preservation of fossils, owing to the incredible richness of marine life.

75.perceive sth as sth 认为

Although art deco in its many forms was largely perceived as thoroughly  modern, it was strongly influenced by the decorative arts movements that  immediately preceded it.

76.pick up 学会

Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by  exaggerating such cues.

77.put off 推迟

Some tasks could not be done in the winter, other had to be put off during  harvest time.

78.regardless of 不顾

Ultimately, literature is aesthetically valued, regardless of language,  culture, or mode of presentation.

79.result from 因..而产生

Most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the  surrounding.

80.result in 结果，导致

The upward movement of fieldstones should result in pure soil.

81.set about 开始，动手

African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal  of themselves and their lives in the United States.

82. set aside 留下将来用

Certain parts of town were restricted to residential use, while others were  set aside for industrial or commercial development.

83.so far 到目前为止

The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and the greatest  height achieved so far.

84.sort out 把…分类

Clay particles are sorted out by size and weight.

85.spring up 涌现

In the early colonial day in North America, small cities sprang up along  the Atlantic Coastline.

86.stem from 起源于

It can be argued that much of New York City’s importance stems from its  early and continuing advantage of situation.

87.stretch out 伸展，伸出

The residues from these explosions left huge black marks on the face of  Jupiter, some of which have stretched out to form dark ribbons.

88.strive for 为…而奋斗

As they began to strive for social and cultural independence，their  attitudes toward themselves changed.

89.take account of sth./take sth into account 考虑到

Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces,  and taking that into account when executing their public commissions.

90.take advantage of 利用

Many families could take advantage of previously unavailable fruits,  vegetables, and dairy products to achieve more varied fare.

91.thanks to 由于

kiwis smell out earthworms thanks to nostrils located at the tip of their  beaks.

92.to some extent 某种程度上

Their attitudes toward themselves changed, and, to some extent, other  segments of American society began to change their attitudes toward them.

93.turn out 结果是，证明是

Some potash was exported from Maine and New Hampshire in the seventeenth  century, but the market turned out to be mainly domestic.

94.usher in 宣告…的来临

Autumn could be ushered in by severe frost.

95. wear away 磨损

Natural forces wear away the Earth's crust

96.wipe out 消灭，肃清

Entire crops can be wiped out by fungal attacks both before and after  harvesting.

97.with respect to 在…方面

The year 1850 may be considered the beginning of a new epoch in America  art, with respect to the development of watercolor painting.

98. with the advent of 随着…的出现

With the advent of high-resolution radio interferometers during the late  1970's, part of the answer became clear.

99.with the aid of 借助于

It is now taught with the aid of computers.

100.with the exception of 除..以外

With the exception of printing patterns directly onto the cloth, whether by  block, roller, or screen, all of these are based on dyeing; that is, the  immersion of the fabric in a dye bath.

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