快速掌握雅思阅读高分技巧3要素
如何才能熟练掌握雅思阅读的考试技巧呢?今天小编给大家带来了快速掌握雅思阅读高分技巧3要素，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
快速掌握雅思阅读高分技巧3要素
雅思阅读共三篇文章(本文集中探讨A类阅读考试的情况，G类在文章长度和题材方面与此有一定不同)，四十道各种类型的考题，考试时间1小时，绝大多数雅思考生在有限的考试时间里，如果匆匆读文做题，则速度上升了但正确率便会大幅度下降，而如果认真阅读每一道题目和原文内容，则正确率得到了提升但却无论如何无法读完三篇文章、答出所有题目。如何同时提升阅读速度和做题效率、让这二者齐头并进呢?归根结底，在于一个“熟”字;具体来说，可以分为以下三个方面(重要性逐级递增)：
熟悉雅思阅读题型
快速了解、熟悉一门考试的最好方法，莫过于学习、试做此门考试的以往考题，由此来了解题型特点、题目要求、重点难点等。如果事先就对题型有所接触，在考试场上自然也就能快速辨认出是什么题目、有什么特征、出题顺序是否与文章行文顺序一致等，也就完全无需再耗费任何多余时间来拖慢自己的读题速度了。
以雅思题目中NB这个“温馨提示”来说明一下。这是一个拉丁文缩写，全称为Nota Bene，意为“Note Well”或曰“Pay Attention”，提示雅思考生要“格外注意”;至于需要注意什么，则在不同题型中有所区别。
现行雅思阅读考试中有两种类型的NB。一种有可能出现在搭配题和填空题中，具体NB的内容是：You may use any letter more than once. 雅思考生如果遇到这一提醒，需格外注意“必定有任意一个字母选项会被使用不止一次”。举例来说，如果此部分题目为五个问题搭配五个字母而有NB，则必定是有两个问题共用了某一个选项字母，另外某个字母选项完全不会成为正确答案，此时切不可在选出四道问题的答案后使用“排除法”、想也不想地为最后一道问题选择剩下的那个字母选项;如果此部分题目为五个问题搭配五个字母而无NB，就必定不会有重复选项的情况发生。如果雅思考生对于四个问题的答案选择都比较笃定，就可以直接运用排除法为最后一个问题选择剩下那个字母选项即可。
而NB若是出现在多项选择题中，提醒的内容就成了：Your answers may be given in either/any order.”由于雅思考试要求雅思考生将全部答案誊写至答题卡上才能得分，所以此处的提醒其实仅仅只是在告诉雅思考生：此部分多选题的所有选项在誊写时不一定非得按照字母顺序。如果一个题号为1-3的多选题正确答案为A, B和C，那么雅思考生在答题卡上的1、2、3栏内无论是写下1.A;2.B;3.C，抑或1.C;2.B;3.A，还是1.B;2.A;3.C，都可以顺利得分。对此，雅思考生只需在备考时事先有所了解即可，完全无需在考场上浪费时间仔细阅读。
熟知雅思阅读解题方法
针对不同特征的题目，解题方式各有不同。雅思考生如能事先进行一定练习，熟练掌握解题思路和步骤，上得考场时自然也就能够驾轻就熟、快速解答。本文以List of Headings和Which paragraph contains the following information这两个题型为例，简单说明如下：
List of Headings考察雅思考生总结段落(paragraph)或文章层次(section)大意的能力。问题总是位于文章正文的前面，而非像其它题型那样按照以往出题传统跟在正文的后面，雅思考生一定要注意找对位置。这种题目着眼于段落的主旨大意而不纠结某个句子里的某个细节信息，因此解答的关键步骤在于抓住每个段落中topic sentences的大意。通常来说，一个规则段落一般都会在开头或结尾处出现主旨大意，所以看段落的开头两句和末尾一句(首二末句)是个办法;但有些段落一共就3、4句话，每个句子特别复杂且包含很多细节，最万无一失的法子还是看段落中每个句子的主干而弱化、去掉细节修饰的从句成分，把注意力放在句与句之间的联系、段中各句共同想表达的主题信息上。
Which paragraph contains the following information这种题的难度比较高，问题目的几句话分别包含在全文的哪一段里。大多数情况下，段落的数量大于等于题目的数量，少数特别有性格的甚至会出现“文章一共九段、问题只有四句”这种比例悬殊的情况。解这种题要看时间充分与否来选择不同策略。如果实在时间有限句子复杂难以看懂，可以尝试集中寻找题干里的关键词是否在各段中原词重现或同义替换，但这是下策;如果每段文章都比较长，则优先看每段的“首二末”三句，寻找是否包含题干信息，这是中策;如果能够做到每句主旨都大致看得懂，则是能解出所有问题来的上策。
熟练的雅思阅读技巧
“阅读技巧”大大不同于“解题技巧”。后者主要针对应试，乃是如何在临场时尽可能地发挥出自身的最大能力、争取考试效果最优化，可以类比为各路武功中的招式;而前者则是应对生活、学习中各种阅读材料的能力，不仅在考试中大大有用，更有助于雅思考生在通过雅思考试之后学习心仪专业、为今后的人生打好知识基础，相当于内功。即使同样的招式，不同内力修为的人使出来也是完全不同的威力效果。众多雅思考生之所以在考场上面临“跷跷板”的两难尴尬，究其根本原因，其实就是这一项练得较少、反应速度不够，结果自然是读速与正确率难以两全。而如何提高反应速度?则可细分为以下方面：
方面一：单词量不够/单词反应速度慢
同样对一个单词，有人要5秒后才能反应过来是什么意思，有人要10秒之后才能确认实在不认识，你3秒内就认出意思来了，速度必然提升，这叫单词眼熟。
解决之道：“备”单词。请注意，“备”在此处不是“背”的手误，对待单词不能只是抱定“死磕”的决心、死记硬背就可以了的，而是通过结合例句和文章来熟悉单词的意义和用法，让自己在单词量上做好更充分的准备。许多同学背单词的习惯是：“face-脸、face-脸”地单曲循环，试图依靠机械重复来记牢一大堆词。这样做效果往往不好：记不住、易记混、记住了也不会用。请牢记：背单词不如看例句;看例句不如读课文。读哪些课文呢?剑桥真题的阅读文章就非常理想。这些文章和文后的问题绝不会再一模一样地出现在以后的雅思考场上了，但其中所用的单词绝对会反复地一考再考。能将剑桥系列阅读文章中的非生僻词都补充“备”好了的雅思考生，雅思阅读分数绝对不会低。
方面二：“短语/固定搭配”量不够/反应速度慢
同样对一个短语，你一下就看出来了in terms of是“在…方面”、“就…而言”的意思;有人一个一个词看，in认识，terms认识，of也认识，但合在一起就是不认识;还有人压根儿只认识term作为“学期”而不知道在此应该是什么意思。这几者之间的阅读速度绝对会有特大差异，这叫对短语和固定搭配熟。
解决之道：短语和固定搭配说白了就是几个认识或不认识的单词的组合，准备单词的方法同样适用于准备它们：背单词不如看例句;看例句不如读课文。
方面三：有意识地分析每个句子的主干结构
同样对一个长难句，第一次见它，可能得满头大汗地分析，主谓宾在哪里，加了个定语从句修饰谁，还有个状语从句修饰谁，一个句子也许需要用5分钟甚至10分钟去看它。但是，这样分析了以后，留下的印象也一定会是深刻的。试问这样的结构，再看见一次一定就有印象了吧?见过十次以后就挺眼熟的了吧?看过一百次以上就根本不需要调动脑力去反应了吧?这叫对长难句熟。
解决之道：精读分析长难句。英语的句式结构其实很简单：主谓宾和主系表。主谓宾是“谁-干-什么”，比如“羊吃草”。“洁白可爱的小绵羊蹦蹦跳跳欢快活泼地在一望无垠的广阔草原上幸福愉快地吃着鲜嫩碧绿的青草”一样也是主谓宾，只不过修饰成分多了些、显得啰嗦了些而已。主系表是“谁-是-什么”，复杂版本参考同上。要很快地理解这样的句子，我们就要学会迅速地抓出句子的主干—也就是“羊--吃--草”的部分，至于其它的修饰部分可以先忽略弱化。
在“主”、“谓”、“宾”这三个部分之中，相对来说最容易找准的是谓语的部分。确定谓语以后，前面的部分无论多长，都只会是主语的部分，可以是一个带着若干形容词的名词，或者是带着一个长长定语从句的名词，甚或是两者兼具同时还有从句套从句的形式;而谓语本身的修饰成分去掉了以后, 后面的内容无论多长，也就只剩下宾语或者其它补充说明的部分了。如果主干显示本句子中包含了解题信息的话，此时再去细细查看题目要问的细节信息也不迟。这样的抓主干技巧一旦熟练，要有充分的时间通读三篇文章、保证不遗漏任何信息地做题，也不是什么不可完成的任务了。特别是对于那些原本语言功底就不错、希望能以阅读这一项的得分再提高一下总成绩的同学来说，这是真正的终极技巧，要达到保8冲9也是很有希望的。
方面四：思维方式没有转换，每看一句都想翻译成中文。
这样一来，在原本设定的看一遍文章的时间里，雅思考生需要用英文、中文看两遍，时间怎么会够用?
如何改变这样的习惯、进行思维转换?归根结底其实还是一个“熟”字。请设想：如果现在有人问你What is your name?你还会像当年初学时那样、把这个句子拆成What — is — your — name这样的方式去理解么?恐怕你会想也不想地脱口而出My name is … 。何以如此?因为你接触、使用的遍数够多，已经习以为常地形成了spontaneous response(“不假思索的反应”)，无需进行两种语言的转换了。只不过阅读文章中的长难句结构复杂，不是能够这么轻而易举地适应罢了。
解决之道：凡事都有个循序渐进的自然规律。前面所说的第三条练到一定的阶段了，思维自然也就能在熟悉的基础上进行自动的转换了。我们的大脑是很灵巧的，会自主寻找最省能量、最有效率的认知方式(关于这点，可以在剑九“一位神经学家揭示如何进行与众不同的思考”的阅读文章里找到进一步的论证)，我们要做的，就是持续为它提供food for thoughts，让它保持在运转状态，积累一段时间以后，效果自现。
方面五：注意英语的表达习惯与中文差异，一次多意
很多时候不是你的单词书骗了你，而是单词书自身篇幅有限、实在无力将所有的用法都罗列出来给你看。所谓culture shock“文化冲突”，很多时候原因也正在于此。
试举两个例子说明之：
例子一：fair是什么意思?一个美国总公司派了位CEO去其日本子公司担任总裁，美国CEO上任初始向日本员工们宣讲：“大家要好好干!I will be fair with you.”一个财年很快结束，日本员工在年终拿到奖金的时候，发现每个人到手的具体金额都不一样，于是大家十分不开心，感到老板欺骗了自己。fair翻译为“公平”绝不能说是有错，然而亚洲语境下的“公平”更多指的是“平均分配”而美国人其实想说的是：你付出多少劳动、为公司赢得多少利润，我就会据此来给你发奖金，保证“公正公平”。
例子二：“too”是“太”么?中文里“太好了!”的意思是比好还要更好些;而英语里“too good”则是“too good to be true”的缩略形式，表示“过犹不及”或“不至于如此好吧?”的怀疑看法。二者有很大区别。
不过，“Try to think in English”，说起来何其容易，做起来哪有那么轻松?需要经过长期细致的积累，才能慢慢把看英语总是“THEY”的思维转变为“WE”的思维习惯。所幸，雅思备考其实只是提供了一个指导性的开头，考到了理想的成绩、去到了英语环境学习，还有一个长长的过程，足以让有此志向的孩儿们细细体会、缓缓进步、越来越好。
最后总结一句。熟练掌握雅思阅读的技巧的根本还是熟能生巧。话虽然土但是非常有用。我们要求考鸭们去精读雅思阅读文章，就是通过阅读和分析，去更好的理解雅思阅读的出题思路，只有在做到良好的阅读理解的基础上再去提高阅读速度，齐头并进，雅思阅读高分指手可待。
雅思考试阅读模拟试题
weapon to fight cancer
1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way
to fight cancer， which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the
common cold.
2. If successful， virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar
alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer，
while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.
3. Leonard Seymour， a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University， who
has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US， will
lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was
excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques.
4. One of the country's leading geneticists， Prof Seymour has been working
with viruses that kill cancer cells directly， while avoiding harm to healthy
tissue. "In principle， you've got something which could be many times more
effective than regular chemotherapy，" he said.
5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the
body's local immune system. "If a cancer doesn't do that， the immune system
wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour， viruses find them a very
good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating. You
can regard it as the cancer's Achilles' heel."
6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. "They
replicate， you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they
infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process，" said Prof Seymour.
7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours
resistant to standard cancer drugs. "It's an interesting possibility that they
may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours， which could be quite
different to anything we've had before."
8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells
and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals.
American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but
this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread
throughout the body.
9. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's
immune system， effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do
- spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle
has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream
without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.
10. "What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a
polymer coat around it - it's a stealth virus when you inject it，" he said.
11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour， it replicates， but the
copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour，
the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune
system.
13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials：
adenovirus， which normally causes a cold-like illness， and vaccinia， which
causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety
reasons， both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial， but
Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.
14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be
delivered locally to liver tumours， in order to establish whether the treatment
is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of
trials will be needed， eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses， before the
therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be
examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments，
Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.(665
words)
Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given
in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement
contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the
passage
1.Virus therapy， if successful， has an advantage in eliminating
side-effects.
2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour‘s work on the
virus therapy.
3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.
4.Cancer‘s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in
a tumor and replicate.
5.To infect the cancer cells， a good deal of viruses should be injected
into the tumor.
6.Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to
treat drug-resistant tumors.
Question 7-9
Based on the reading passage， choose the appropriate letter from A-D for
each answer.
7.Information about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be
found(A) on TV(B) in magazines(C) on internet(D) in newspapers
8.To treat tumors spreading out in body， researchers try to(A) change the
body‘ immune system(B) inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.(C) increase
the amount of injection(D) disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.
9.When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates， the copies(A) will
soon escape from the tumor and spread out.(B) will be wiped out by the body‘s
immune system.(C) will be immediately recognized by the researchers.(D) will
eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.
Questions 10-13
Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words.
You can only use each word once.
NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them
all.
In the first clinical trials， scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and
vaccinia， so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the ……11……。These
uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on
human beings and the right ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be
……13……to the treatment of certain cancers
List of Words dosage responding smallpox virus disable natural ones inject
directed treatment cold-like illness kill patients examined
Answers Keys：
1.答案：FALSE (见第2段：If successful， virus therapy could eventually form a third
pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against
cancer， while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects. Virus therapy
只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。)
2.答案：TRUE (见第3段，特别是最后一句： Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was
excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques. )
4. 答案：TRUE (见第5段第3、4句： 这里“cancer‘s Achilles' heel”指 “If you can get a virus
into a tumour， viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no
immune system to stop them replicating.” Achilles' heel的意思是“致命弱点”)
5. 答案：FALSE (见第6段第第1句：Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the
cancer.)
6. 答案：TRUE (见第7段：Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work
well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drug. ……， which could be quite
different to anything we've had before." )
7. 答案：B (见第8段第1、2句：Researchers have known for some time that viruses can
kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in
scientific journals. Journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”)
8. 答案：D (见第9段第1句：Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus
from the body's immune system， …… “mask”的意思是“掩盖、隐蔽、伪装”， 在这里和 “disguise”同义。)
9. 答案：B (见第11段第2句： If they escape from the tumour， the copies will be
quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system…… “mop up”这里与 “wipe
out” 同义，意思是“消灭、歼灭”。)
10.答案：disable (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons， both will be disabled to make
them less pathogenic in the trial， but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to
use natural viruses. )
11. 答案：natural ones (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons， both will be disabled to
make them less pathogenic in the trial， but Prof Seymour said he eventually
hopes to use natural viruses. )
12. 答案：dosage (见第14段第1句：The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and
vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours， in order to establish
whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be
needed.)
13. 答案：directed (见第14段最后1句：Though the approach will be examined at first
for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments， …)
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快速掌握雅思阅读高分技巧3要素
