托福阅读句子插入题解题实用思路真题讲解

若水1147由分享时间：2020-08-23 19:04:33

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托福阅读词汇题逻辑分析解题法实例讲解

热度：

如果要问托福阅读中哪个题型比较有特色，可能很多同学都会觉得是句子插入题。今天小编给大家带来托福阅读句子插入题解题实用思路真题讲解,希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读句子插入题解题实用思路真题讲解

托福阅读句子插入题3条解题基本原则介绍

想要做好句子插入题，考生首先要对解答这个题型的基本思路原则有所了解，很多同学选择把整个句子逐一代入不同的空格位置去读，其实是很低效的做法，既浪费考试时间，读到后面自己可能也会绕晕，觉得似乎放在哪里都读得通。解答这一题型比较高效的思路是先从插入句子本身来寻找一些线索再做判断，具体的解题原则是：

1. 判断插入句子的成分

一般来说，托福阅读选择的文章，其行文风格都是比较中规中矩的。按照老外的写作风格，这类文章中每个段落的构成大抵都是先给出一个中心句，之后再跟上各种细节。因此，中心句部分可能大多说的比较泛，而之后的细节则会涉及到较为具体的内容。了解到这一点之后，大家可以对插入句子的成分进行分析，以判断其在段落中应该处于的位置。如果插入句子本身也是说的比较泛，内容不包含细节，那么这个句子的位置一般都是比较靠前的，考生可以优先从考前的空格里来做进一步判断;反之，如果句子中有较为明显的细节性内容，那么这个句子大多是在段落比较靠后位置的，大家反过来找线索可能效率会更高一些。

2. 从插入句子代词找线索

插入句子中如果包含有各类代词，其实也是很好用的判断线索。比如they, these, those，this之类的代词，如果直接出现在句子里面显然是很突兀的，其指代对象必然会在段落之中，考生如果能够结合句子本身大致判断出代词可能指代的对象，那么要找到正确的插入位置就会很简单了，这个插入句子多半就是直接跟在指代对象所在位置之后的某个空格处。

3. 看承上启下的过渡词

最后一条原则是从句子的承上启下过渡词，也就是transition words来找线索。大家在看到插入句子的时候可以先从句首部分看起，如果有较为明显的过渡词，比如however,and,so,but,therefore之类的词汇，那么接下来就可以从这里开始找文章中的对应内容了。如果是类似and,so,therefore以及这类表示承接并列因果递进等逻辑关系的词汇，那么插入句子之前的句子必然是和插入句本身意思有相似之处，观点相近的句子;而假如是yet,but,however等带有明显转折关系的过渡词，那么插入句所在的位置就应该是在和其句意相反相对的句子之后了。

托福阅读句子插入题真题实例分析

了解了基本的解题思路原则后，接下来小编再带大家看两道插入题真题实例来具体实践一下这些方法技巧：

实例1

Question 1: Examine the four █ in the selection below and indicate at which block the following sentence could be inserted into the passage:

Seagrasses grow together in dense patches, or beds, with as many as 4,000 blades per square meter.

Many areas of the shallow sea bottom are covered with a lush growth of aquatic flowering plants adapted to live submerged in seawater. █ [A]These plants are collectively called seagrasses. █ [B] Seagrass beds are strongly influenced by several physical factors. █ [C] The most significant is water motion: currents and waves. █ [D] Since seagrass systems exist in both sheltered and relatively open areas, they are subject to differing amounts of water motion.

这道题目适用的是上文介绍的第一条原则，也就是判断句子成分。大家可以发现，插入句本身是包含了带有数字内容的具体细节的，这就说明这个插入句所在位置不太会在很靠前的地方，至少A的位置肯定不行。然后再做具体分析。空格A之后的句子给了seagrass一个定义，是这个词第一次出现在本段落中。而空格B之后的这个句子则讲到了seagrass bed的细节，而bed这个词也出现在了插入句中，那么比较合理的逻辑顺序就是先定义了seagrass，然后插入句提到了seagrass bed，之后再讲了bedd的一些细节。这样一来，很明显插入句应该插入的正确位置就是B了。

实例2

Question 2: Examine the four █ in the selection below and indicate at which block the following sentence could be inserted into the passage:

Thanks to radiocarbon dating and technological development in studying evidence, researchers can now give a more precise age on this type of art.

█ [A]The age of rock art in Australia has been revised several times, with earlier dates suggested recently after new discoveries. █ [B] Accurate scientific proof has dated the first appearance of surface rock in Australia to approximately 30,000 to 50,000 years ago. █ [C]This lengthy and astounding history of rock art in Australia makes it the oldest art tradition known today in the world. █ [D]

这道题目的解题需要用到上文的第二和第三条原则。首先是代词指代原则，插入句中有个this type of art，这说明插入句之前应该是有个指代的，那就可以判断出插入句肯定不是在句首A位置，因此B,C,D皆有可能，而由于B和D之前的句子里都提到了rock art，所以这两个位置的可能性更高。接下来看第三条原则，插入句句首有个thanks to，而句子里还有个now和more precise，这些线索放在一起，就等于告诉了考生插入句之前的句子，说的肯定是过去(和now相对)而且不怎么precise的事情，这样一对照，B空格之前的这个句子，既有has been revised several times这种不precise同时代表过去的内容，又有after new discoveries这样接下来要说新内容的提示，插入句子所在的位置就是B了。

托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：no group or species...

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

However, no group or species can maintain its dominance indefinitely, and when, after over 200 million years, the age of dinosaurs came to a dramatic end about 65 million years ago, mammals began to flourish, evolving from relatively few types of small terrestrial animals into the myriad of diverse species, including bats and whales, that we know today.

词汇讲解：

dramatic /drə'mætɪk/ adj. 戏剧的;激动人心的，给人深刻印象的

flourish v. /'flʌrɪʃ/ 昌盛，旺盛，兴旺;健康成长，茂盛

terrestrial /tə'restrɪəl/ adj. 陆地的，陆生的;地球的

myriad /'mɪrɪəd/ n. 无数，极大数量

结构划分：

However, no group or species can maintain its dominance indefinitely, and (when, (after over 200 million years), the age of dinosaurs came to a dramatic end) (about 65 million years ago), mammals began to flourish, (evolving from relatively few types of small terrestrial animals into the myriad of diverse species), (including bats and whales), (that we know today).

深度分析：

这个句子主干：

no group or species can maintain its dominance indefinitely, and mammals began to flourish

修饰一： (after over 200 million years)，介词短语

中文：在二亿年后

修饰二：(when the age of dinosaurs came to a dramatic end)，从句

中文：当恐龙时代突然结束

修饰三：(about 65 million years ago)，介词短语

中文：大约在六千五百万年前

修饰四：(evolving from relatively few types of small terrestrial animals into the myriad of diverse spcies)，非谓语动词

中文：从少数几种小型陆生动物逐渐发展到无数的各类物种

修饰五：(including bats and whales)，插入语

中文：包括蝙蝠和鲸鱼

修饰六：(that we know today)，从句

中文：我们现在所知道的

参考翻译：

然而，没有哪类动物群或物种能够一直保持统治地位。在二亿年后，当恐龙时代大约在六千五百万年前突然结束，哺乳动物便开始繁盛，从少数几种小型陆生动物逐渐发展到无数的各类物种，包括我们现在所知道的蝙蝠和鲸鱼。

托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：increase in food production...

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

The increase in food production in these regions led to a significant growth in population, while efforts to control the flow of water to maximize the irrigation of cultivated areas and to protect the local inhabitants from hostile forces outside the community provoked the first steps toward cooperative activities on a large scale.

词汇讲解：

inhabitant /ɪn'hæbɪtənt/ n. 居民，住户

hostile /'hɒstaɪl/ adj. 含敌意的，极不友好的;

provoke /prə'vəʊk/ vt. 激怒(某人);使(某事物)产生，引起

on a large scale 大规模

结构划分：

The increase (in food production in these regions) led to a significant growth (in population),while efforts ( to control the flow of water to maximize the irrigation of cultivated areas) and (to protect the local inhabitants from hostile forces outside the community) provoked the first steps (toward cooperative activities on alarge scale.)

深度分析：

这个句子的主干就是：

The increase led to a significant growth while efforts provoked the first steps.

修饰一：(in food production in these regions)，介词短语

中文：这些地区的事物产量

修饰二：(in population)，介词短语

中文：在人口方面

修饰三：(to control the flow of water to maximize the irrigation of cultivated areas)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词就是efforts

其中还有一个非谓语to maximize the irrigation of cultivated areas

中文：控制水流以最大化灌溉种植区

修饰四：(to protect the local inhabitants from hostile forces outside the community)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词就是efforts

其中还有介词短语from hostile forces outside the community

中文：保护当地居民免受部落外部敌对力量的侵略

修饰五：(toward cooperative activities on a large scale)，介词短语

中文：大规模合作活动

参考翻译：

这些地区食物产量的增加导致了人口的大量增长，然而，努力控制水流以最大化灌溉种植区以及努力保护当地居民免受部落外部敌对力量的侵略，这样的努力引发了大规模合作活动的第一步。

托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：How the first governments...

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

How the first governments took shape in these areas is not certain, but anthropologists studying the evolution of human communities in various parts of the world have discovered that one common stage in the process is the emergence of what are called “big men” within a single village or a collection of villages.

词汇讲解：

anthropologist /ˌænθrə'pɒlədʒɪst/ n. 考古学家

结构划分：

(How the first governments took shape in these areas) is not certain, but anthropologists (studying the evolution of human communities) (in various parts of the world) have discovered (that one common stage in the process is the emergence of what are called “big men” within a single village or a collectionof villages.)

深度分析：

这个句子主干是：

从句 is not certain, but anthropologists have discovered 从句

修饰一：(How the first governments took shape in these areas)，从句

中文：第一个政府在这些地区如何形成

修饰二：(studying the evolution of human communities)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词，修饰anthropologists

中文：研究人类群体进化

修饰三：(in various parts of the world)，介词短语，相当于形容词，修饰humancommunities

中文：在世界不同地区

修饰四：(that one common stage in the process is the emergence of what are called “big men” within a single village or a collection of villages.)，从句

在这个从句中，还有两个介词短语：

of what are called “big men” ，称之为“ big man”