GRE阅读解题先审题再考虑排除法

GRE阅读解题先审题再考虑排除法, 实例分析乱用解题技巧危害性,我们一起来看看吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

GRE阅读解题先审题再考虑排除法

GRE阅读盲目使用排除法错误率更高

用简单粗暴的排除法直接找选项和原文的对应关系，而完全不顾题干所问究竟是什么，也是很多同学在做GRE阅读题时正确率始终难以提高的主要原因。很多同学习惯了以往在中考、高考甚至是托福做题所用的找选项和原文的意思对应这种做题方法，并带到了GRE做题过程中来。对于某些细节题，这种方法也许是适用的，但是对文章的主旨、结构这一类和宏观方面有关的题型却并没有对症下药。而哪怕是在细节题里，也存在着不同题型提问方式上的差异，直接导致了做题过程中的做题方法和挑选项的标准有很大的不同。

GRE阅读实例讲解审题重要性和技巧乱用危害

例1：The author of the passage mentions which of the following as an advantage of high-technology development?

例2：The passage suggests which of the following about the majority of United States manufacturing industries before the high-technology development era of the 1980s?

例3：The author mentions the behavior of the circulatory system of sea snakes when they are removed from the ocean primarily in order to

解题思路分析

如果单看这几个问题，大家能不能看出题干所问内容的区别?或者能否看出每一个问题潜在的正确答案应该是什么样子?如果深入分析一下，不难发现例1问的是文章提到了什么，所以正确答案一定是文章提到过的内容，而且一定是原文原句表达过的意思，所以正确答案一定是与原文中句子相同意思，只不过换了一种表达方式的选项。

例2问的是文章暗示了什么，那么正确选项一定也会和原文有关，但意思一定不会和原文完全相同，而是原文信息的合理延伸。

例3看似和例1很像，都用了“mention”这个词，但是看到最后的“in order to”的话可以发现题目所问的其实是文章之所以提到这句话是为了干什么。因此，这种题干本质上是问句子作用，最后回答问题的正确选项一定不会是这句话本身，而是句子背后的目的。

从上述这三个例子中，相信大家大家不难看出，以往在其他英语考试中无往不利的排除法，其实面对GRE阅读并不是那么好用。而盲目使用排除法强行解答，只会造成各种问题，反而增加了错误的发生。因此，只有对症下药，根据不同的题目具体问题具体分析，重视文章框架和整体结构，才是确保GRE阅读高分的关键要点。

综上所述，GRE阅读在解题过程中，也许某些题目可以通过排除法等取巧方式来快速解决，但从整体而言，一味依赖这些技巧，其实绝非良策。小编希望大家能够正确认识解题技巧，谨慎选择最合适的GRE阅读解题方法。

GRE阅读练习每日一篇

Four legal approaches may be followed in attempting to channel technological development in socially useful direction: specific directives, market incentive modifications, criminal prohibitions, and changes in decision-making structures. Specific directives involve the government’s identifying one or more factors controlling research, development, or implementation of a given technology. Directives affecting such factors may vary from administrative regulation of private activity to government ownership of a technological operation. Market incentive modifications are deliberate alterations of the market within which private decisions regarding the development and implementation of technology are made. Such modifications may consist of imposing taxes to cover the costs to society of a given technology, granting subsidies to pay for social benefits of a technology, creating the right to sue to prevent certain technological development, or easing procedural rules to enable the recovery of damages to compensate for harm caused by destructive technological activity. Criminal prohibitions may modify technological activity in areas impinging on fundamental social values, or they may modify human behavior likely to result from technological applications—for example, the deactivation of automotive pollution control devices in order to improve vehicle performance. Alteration of decision-making structures includes all possible modifications in the authority, constitution, or responsibility of private and public entities deciding questions of technological development and implementation. Such alterations include the addition of public-interest members to corporate boards, the imposition by statute of duties on governmental decision-makers, and the extension of warranties in response to consumer action.

Effective use of these methods to control technology depends on whether or not the goal of regulation is the optimal allocation of resources. When the object is optimal resource allocation, that combination of legal methods should be used that most nearly yields the allocation that would exist if there were no external costs resulting from allocating resources through market activity. There are external costs when the price set by buyers and sellers of goods fails to include some costs, to anyone, that result from the production and use of the goods. Such costs are internalized when buyers pay them.

Air pollution from motor vehicles imposes external costs on all those exposed to it, in the form of soiling, materials damage, and disease: these externalities result from failure to place a price on air, thus making it a free good, common to all. Such externalities lead to nonoptimal resource allocation, because the private net product and the social net product of market activity are not often identical. If all externalities were internalized, transactions would occur until bargaining could no longer improve the situation, thus giving an optimal allocation of resources at a given time.

17. The passage is primarily concerned with describing

(A) objectives and legal method for directing technological development

(B) technical approaches to the problem of controlling market activity

(C) economic procedures for facilitating transactions between buyers and sellers

(D) reasons for slowing the technological development in light of environmentalist objections

(E) technological innovations making it possible to achieve optimum allocation of resources

18. The author cites air pollution from motor vehicles in lines 54-56 in order to

(A) revise cost estimates calculated by including the costs of resources

(B) evaluate legal methods used to prevent technological developments

(C) give examples of costs not included in buyer-seller bargains

(D) refute hypotheses not made on the basis of monetary exchange values

(E) commend technological research undertaken for the common welfare

19. According to the passage, transactions between private buyers and sellers have effects on society that generally

(A) are harmful when all factors are considered

(B) give rise to ever-increasing resource costs

(C) reflect an optimal allocation of natural resources

(D) encompass more than the effects on the buyers and sellers alone

(E) are guided by legal controls on the development of technology

20. It can be inferred from the passage that the author does NOT favor which of the following?

(A) Protecting the environment for future use

(B) Changing the balance of power between opposing interests in business

(C) Intervening in the activity of the free market

(D) Making prices reflect costs to everyone in society

(E) Causing technological development to cease

21. A gasoline-conservation tax on the purchase of large automobiles, with the proceeds of the tax rebated to purchasers of small automobiles, is an example of

(A) a specific directive

(B) a market incentive modification

(C) an optimal resource allocation

(D) an alteration of a decision-making structure

(E) an external cost

22. If there were no external costs, as they are described in the passage, which of the following would be true?

(A) All technology-control methods would be effective.

(B) Some resource allocations would be illegal.

(C) Prices would include all costs to members of society.

(D) Some decision-making structures would be altered.

(E) The availability of common goods would increase.

23. The author assumes that, in determining what would be an optimal allocation of resources, it would be possible to

(A) assign monetary value to all damage resulting from the use of technology

(B) combine legal methods to yield the theoretical optimum

(C) convince buyers to bear the burden of damage from technological developments

(D) predict the costs of new technological developments

(E) derive an equation making costs depend on prices

24. On the basis of the passage, it can be inferred that the author would agree with which of the following statements concerning technological development?

(A) The government should own technological operations.

(B) The effect of technological development cannot be controlled.

(C) Some technological developments are beneficial.

(D) The current state of technological development results in a good allocation of resources.

(E) Applications of technological developments are criminally destructive.

The whole biosphere, like the individual organisms that live inside it, exists in a chemically dynamic state (dynamic state: 动态). In this homeostatic system, a great number of organic compounds are synthesized, transformed, and decomposed continuously; together, these processes constitute the major parts of the carbon cycle. For the smooth operation of this cycle, degradation is just as important as synthesis: the green plants produce great quantities of polymers, such as cellulose, and innumerable other compounds like alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids, that green plants cannot use as sources of energy during respiration. The release of the carbon in these compounds for recycling depends almost entirely on the action of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and certain types of fungi. Some bacteria and fungi possess the unique and extremely important biochemical asset of being able to catalyze the oxidation of numerous inert products, thereby initiating reaction sequences that produce carbon dioxide and so return much carbon to a form that actively enters into life cycles once again.

25. The passage contains information that would answer which of the following questions about the carbon cycle?

I. What are some of the compounds that are broken down in the carbon cycle?

II. Why are some compounds that are involved in the carbon cycle less reactive than others?

III. What role do bacteria and fungi play in the carbon cycle?

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only

(E) I and III only

26. The author implies that which of the following is the primary reason that degradation is as important as synthesis to the smooth operation of the carbon cycle?

(A) Most of the polymers and organic compounds found in the plant kingdom are chemically unstable.

(B) The synthesis of some organic material deprives life processes of an energy source.

(C) Decomposition permits the recycling of carbon that would otherwise be fixed in certain substances.

(D) Many organisms cannot use plants as a source of food, but can feed on bacteria and fungi.

(E) Bacteria and fungi could not survive if some carbon compounds were not degraded.

27. The author’s contention about the importance of bacteria and fungi in the production of energy for life processes would be most clearly strengthened if which of the following were found to be true?

(A) Both aerobes and anaerobes provide sources of energy through the decomposition of organic material.

(B) Most compounds containing carbon are unavailable as energy sources except to some bacteria and fungi.

(C) Bacteria and fungi break down inert material in ways that do not involve oxidation.

(D) Many compounds remain inert, even in the presence of bacteria and fungi.

(E) Bacteria and fungi assist in the synthesis of many organic compounds.

答案：17-27：ACDEBCACECB

GRE阅读长难句中译英练习

26. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, "A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist".

27. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea".

28. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.

29. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: "This book stands for reason itself." And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.

30. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

26.[参考译文]正如尤金·弗格森所指出的那样："一个技术专家思考那些不能被简化成能被清楚的语言描述的东西。这些东西在他的思维中是通过一种视觉的、非语言表述的过程宋处理的……设计者和发明者……能够在他们的脑中装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。"

27.[参考译文]罗伯特·法欧特曾经这样写到："一个技师会坐在杠杆、螺丝钉、楔子、轮子等等当中，就像一个诗人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把这些字母看成自己思想的展示，在这样的展示中，每种新的次序安排都传达了--种新的思想。"

28.[参考译文]在最后三章中，他脱下手套，将神造论者好好地揍了一顿。他描述了他们的活动和战术，而且，对于那些对神造论者的做事方式刁;熟悉的人来说，神造论者的欺骗和扭曲事实的程度可能会令这些人有一种不快的诧异。

29.[参考译文]在这本杰出的书的外纸封面上，史蒂芬·杰伊·古尔德写道："这本书本身就代表理性。"而它确实是这样的--而且如果理性成为神造论/地化论之间的辩论中的惟一评判标准的话，一切就都好办了。

30.[参考译文] 经过了六个月的争论以及最后16个小时激烈的议会辩论，澳大利亚北部地区成了世界上第一个允许医生终止希望死去的绝症病人生命的立法当局。

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