托福阅读词汇如何积累之遇到生词及时整理记忆

若水1147由分享时间：2020-09-06 01:46:48

托福阅读词汇如何积累?遇到生词及时整理记忆。今天小编给大家带来托福阅读词汇如何积累，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读词汇如何积累?遇到生词及时整理记忆

一.文章完全读不懂，先去背单词

托福阅读是托福考试四个版块中涵盖词汇量最广的一块，所以，想要做好阅读必须要有一定量的词汇储备。有的同学在刚开始备考托福的时候，直接去做真题练习，结果发现阅读文章几乎完全读不懂。这其实就是因为词汇量积累不够，建议先返回去背单词，当有了一定的词汇量基础后，再开始做阅读练习题。

二. 阅读中遇到生词及时积累

即便是积累了一定的词汇量，在做阅读练习的时候也会遇到一些生词。建议大家及时将遇到的生词积累下来，做完阅读文章以后及时回顾复习。要注意的是，及时积累并不意味着遇到生词就中断做题，拿本记录生词。积累阅读生词的环节应该放在对完答案重读文章时。做题的过程中即便遇到影响理解的单词也不要停下来查单词，应该先保证在规定时间内将阅读题做完，如果影响理解，可以试着结合上下文猜一猜单词的意思，就像大家做词汇题使用的猜词方法一样。

三. 代入法记忆

阅读词汇的记忆不应该像背单词书那样死记硬背，阅读词汇积累建议大家使用代入法记忆。因为生词都是阅读文章中的词汇，大家可以代入到具体的语境中记忆，这样记忆能不仅能帮助大家记住单词的意思，还能了解单词的用法。如果觉得寻找单词出处太浪费时间，大家可以在积累生词的时候将原文例句抄下来。代入法不但记忆效率高，记忆效果也很牢靠，但是却有一个不可避免的缺点：记忆单词释义太过单一。阅读文章中生词所对应的释义都是唯一的，所以代入法记忆只能记住生词在文章中的释义，延伸释义则需要大家自己去做拓展练习。

四. 坚持

“坚持”两个字说起来非常容易，但真正做到却很难。词汇记忆最为重要的就是坚持，一开始大家都热情高涨，非常积极，但是能坚持到最后人则少之又少，正所谓“靡不有初，鲜克有终”。希望大家能保持最初备考的热情，将阅读词汇积累的工作坚持到底。

托福阅读核心词汇列表

托福阅读核心词汇：退步

decline/halt/repress/recession/cease/fall

托福阅读核心词汇：减少

decrease/abate/curb/curtail/drop/ebb

evaporate/fade/lower/reduce/restrain/shrink

slacken/slump/subside/wane/diminish/subtract

托福阅读核心词汇：增加/发展

increase/develop/enlarge/expand/grow/raise

advance/aggrandize/amplify/augment/boost/

broaden/enhance/enlarge/escalate/extend

further/heighten/inflate/magnify/mount

progress/proliferate/spread/swell/widen

托福阅读核心词汇：发展/进步/加强/丰富/增加

develop/advance/evolve/expand/flourish

foster/grow/maturate/mature/promote/ripen

thrive/amplify/augment/broaden/cultivate

deepen/enlarge/enrich/extend/intensify

magnify/perfect/refine/spread/strengthen

enhance/stretch/widen/hike/aid/assist/

boost/boom/blossom/expedi(a)te

托福阅读核心词汇：开始/产生

begin/start/commence/originate/initiate

generate/form/unfold/arise/create/kindle

ignite

托福阅读核心词汇：消灭/消失/消散

extinguish/abolish/annihilate/crush/destroy

eliminate/eradicate/erase/extirpate/obliterate

quell/remove/stamp out/suppress/repress

quench/smother/stifle/suffocate/trample

disappear/depart/disperse/dissipate/dissolve

ebb/end/evaporate/expire/fade/fade away/flee

recede/retire/retreat/sink/wane/withdraw

托福阅读核心词汇：废除/取消/抵消/使无效

abolish/eliminate/annul/nullify/annihilate

cancel/dissolve/invalidate/negate/neutralize

obliterate/revoke/retract/delete/erase/efface

counteract/offset/act against

托福阅读核心词汇：改变

change/alter/vary/modify

adapt/adjust/convert/evolve/diverge/lower

diversify/diminish/fluctuate/merge/reform

reduce/regenerate/remake/renovate/resolve

revolutionize/shape/shift/substitute/temper

transform/turn/vacillate/revise/customize

托福阅读核心词汇：不改变

continue/hold/keep/persist/remain/stay/sustain

maintain/retain/reserve/preserve/conserve/fix

保__

留 preserve

守 conserve

存 reserve

持 keep/retain/maintain/sustain

uphold/perpetuate/persevere

persist

托福阅读核心词汇：怀疑(的)

suspicous/doubtable/dubious/rule out

with hold/skeptical

托福阅读核心词汇：确认/验证/证明/论证

corroborate/approve/authenticate/certify

confirm/endorse/justify/prove/ratify

substantiate/support/validate/verify

affirm/ascertain/attest/determine/manifest

settle/tesify/uphold/warrant

托福阅读核心词汇：处理/管理/命令/控制/支配

cope with/handle/administer/demand/command/conduct

托福阅读中常见的文章逻辑关系

第一种因果关系

因：because, because of, for, as, since, in that, on account of,with

果：so, so that, therefore, thereby, as a result, hence, thus,consequently, accordingly

因果关系除了传统意义上的显性因果表达词外，隐性的因果同样是不可忽略的一个重要部分。

隐性因果：

A 导致(因-果)：cause, reason, lead to, give rise to, result in, render, make, let, ask, support,push, stimulate, spark, spur, fuel, produce, be responsible for

如The increased pressures of expanding populations have led to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and towns are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees and shrubs.

在这段话中，有lead to, 表示了导致的意思，即结果; 而so that 更进一步表示了后面的结果，所以可以充分判定这段话有因果关系的逻辑。

B 由…而来(果-因)：result from, derive from, originate from, initiate from, stem from, be responsive to, be attributable to

如 “The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.”

在这段话中，根据result from可以推断出有因果关系，那如果是解释句子题时，选项中有因果关系就可以优先考虑。

C 反映，体现(果-因): reflect, present, demonstrate, suggest, imply, show

This result demonstrates that…中华考试网

D 考虑到: given, considering, in view of, thanks to, according to

He succeeded thanks to (in view of) his effort.

E 依赖于: rely on, depend on, resort to,

He resorted to books when he had problems.

F 条件关系：when, once, as soon as, as long as

As soon as he got the money, he would leave the country at once.

G 分词短语，不定式做状语

Failing in the final exam, she cried.

第二种对比转折关系

A 对比：while, whereas, on the other hand

在解释句子题，插入句子题中，一旦出现对比关系，学生在掌握的基础上就能非常快速的判定句间和句内的关系。While, whereas 前后连接的是平行结构，on the other hand前必定有on one hand, 可以用来把握句间关系。

B 转折：but, although, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, however

第三种比较关系

A 同级比较 as…as

B 比较级：more…than, -er than, less…than

C 变化：change, alter, vary, modify, revise, increase, decrease, enhance, diminish, develop,progress, advance, improve, retreat, degenerate, continue, remain

D 差异：different, distinguish, separate, same, similar, comparable, compare…to

E 超越：surpass, exceed, excel, over

F 最高级

1)本身有最高级含义：maximum, minimum, peak, outstanding, top

2) 本身程度比较深：amazing, surprising, astonishing, prohibitively high

3) 否定+比较=最高级

No one is more outstanding than him.

从这句话中可以看出，否定加比较表示的是一种最高级关系。

第四种否定关系

显性否定：no, not, never, nor, none neither

隐形否定：fail to, refuse, remove, miss, reject, absence of, lack of

否定前缀：a-, ab-, dis-, il-, im-, in-, non- , un-