托福听力备考背诵很重要
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托福听力备考背诵很重要
要想彻底不卡壳地听懂托福听力听力材料或与老外进行无障碍交流，首先要 Maintain your composure and your confidence，就是说要保持冷静和自信，千万不要因为一处没反应过来，就慌了手脚。良好的心理素质对于听力实力的培养和提高相当关键。
TOEFL听力的过程中要学会根据语言传达的信息Make pictures and images， 也就是说：把抽象的文字变成形象的图画反映于脑海之中。有了连续的动态图像的帮助，就有利于我们避开“直接翻译的无序性”，以抓住TOEFL表达的主干而不是旁支末节，从而走出“听了后面，忘了前面”的“怪圈”。也只有这样，才能使我们真正体会到“登泰山而小天下”的神奇感受。
托福听力备考时在听懂之后，不要盲目追求“题海战术”，迫不及待地找其他题目来听，而应该把注意力放到听过的题目上。可以说它们才是我们进一步分析、研究从而树立听觉形象的上佳材料。所以要Model everything ( pronunciation， intonation， tone， slang， idioms， patterns， etc.) we heard before。
也就是说认真模仿和跟读托福听力题目中的各种语言点(包括语音、语调、语气、俚语、习语、句式等)，不能放过任何细节。比如：考生需要熟练掌握 TOEFL听力“十大发音规律”、TOEFL听力“十大特色语音”、TOEFL听力“四大音变现象”、TOEFL听力“四类语气词解题”和 TOEFL听力“八大特色语调”等(参见《TOEFL听力新思维》一书和《自学美音——快速正音教程》)。
在模仿的基础上，Multiply the meaning and usage of the words and patterns。 即大力补充和扩展TOEFL听力题目中常用词汇和句式的其它含义和用法。因为TOEFL听力考查的一大难点就是“一词多义”，或“一义多词”。
这也就是很多考生之所以听出来老外用的是哪个词，却仍然搞不懂其在题目中确切含义的重要原因。比如：考生需要大力扩展TOEFL听力“九大场景词汇”、 “十大概念词汇”、TOEFL听力“十大魔鬼动词”、TOEFL听力必备200条补充习语和TOEFL听力补充“口语精粹极短句”等(参见《TOEFL听力新思维》一书)。
在模仿和扩展的基础之上，要学会Mine(挖掘)the cultural background and the way of English thinking behind the language， 即努力挖掘听力题目语言背后的美语思维模式和美国文化背景。毕竟语言是文化和思维的载体，掌握了老外的逻辑思维，就能在TOEFL听力过程中变被动为主动，以不变应万变。
比如：考生应努力挖掘TOEFL听力“三大思维模板”、TOEFL听力“七大修辞模式”和TOEFL听力“十大段落原则”等(参见《TOEFL听力新思维》一书)。
Memorize them。即在“立体”解构了这些TOEFL听力题目之后，将它们加以背诵和记忆，以求达到脱口而出的感觉。因为TOEFL听力的语言重现率很高，背得越多，意味着没听过的就越少。久而久之，听力实力便会大增。
不可否认背诵是份“苦差事”，但“欲穷大地三千里，须上高峰八百盘。”可以说，背诵是登上听力最高境界的重要环节。如果说前五步是“消化过程”，那么背诵这第六步就是“吸收过程”。我们始终都要铭记：吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。
以上就是关于托福听力备考时的步骤介绍，大家要按部就班有规律的复习，这样才能有最大的成效，考生要切忌盲目的题海战术，托福听力水平提升指日可待。
托福听力练习对照文本
Since we've been discussing alternative fuels lately, I wanted to pass on to you some information I read about a new fuel that's been in the news a lot lately.
由于近期我们已经讨论过替代燃料，我想传递给你们一些我最近读到的一种上了很多次新闻的新型燃料的信息。
It's called A-21. It's composed of water and a chemical known as naphtha.
它叫做A—21。它由水和一种被认为是石脑油的化学物质组成。
It seems to be a very promising fuel because it's much cleaner than the gasoline that we use today.
它似乎是一种非常有前途的燃料，因为它比我们今天使用的汽油要清洁得多。
That's not to say that it doesn't pollute, but it is cleaner. A-21 isn't like some other alternative fuels that require completely new types of engines.
那并不是说它不会污染，但是它更清洁。A-21不像某些其他的替代燃料那样需要完全新式的引擎。
A-21 still works in regular, everyday combustion engines—like the ones in cars—with only minor mechanical modifications.
A-21在常规的，日常内燃机——比如汽车里的引擎里依然起作用—只要较小的机械改动。
So changing over wouldn't be a big deal.
所以(燃料)对换不是什么大事。
You may doubt some of these claims as many researchers have.
你可能怀疑许多研究人员都有这样的说法。
Some people feared that because it contains about 45 percent water it would freeze in the winter.
有些人担心由于它包含了大约百分之四十五的水，它可能在冬天冻住。
But a small amount of antifreeze was added to it, and that seems to have solved the problem.
但是少量的防冻剂被添加进去，而这似乎就解决了问题。
A-21 has recently undergone street tests in buses in Reno, Nevada.
A-21最近在Nevada的Reno经历了街头测试。
So far it seems to work just fine.
目前它看来工作良好。
This is a good thing, especially in Nevada, because the state government there has passed a law requiring that a large percentage of vehicles in Nevada run on alternative fuels. A-21 should help.
这是件好事儿，尤其在Nevada，因为那里的州政府通过了一项法律，要求在Nevada的很大比例的车辆靠替代燃料运转。A-21会有帮助。
托福听力练习对照文本
Today we're going to continue our discussion of modern art and talk about Charles Csuri.
今天我们将继续进行我们现代艺术的讨论，并且谈谈Charles Csuri。
Charles Csuri has been a part of many modern art movements.
Charles Csuri一直是许多当代艺术运动的一部分。
He's worked in Pop Art, Cubism, and Conceptual Art, but he made his mark as a pioneer in computer art.
他从事过流行艺术，立体主义，和概念艺术， 但是他作为一名先驱者在电脑艺术上留下了他自己的痕迹。
Even long before computers became popular, he was punching cards and feeding them into the big mainframe computer at Ohio State University.
甚至在电脑普及前很久，他在Ohio州立大学打卡并把它们插入大型主机计算机。
In the beginning, he had to work without a monitor, so he was virtually creating art in the dark.
在开始，他不得不在没有显示屏(的条件下)工作，所以他几乎是在黑暗中创作艺术。
He even learned computer programming so he could experiment with this new tool.
他甚至学会了计算机编程，因此他能够试用这个新工具。
Through the computer, Csuri has been able to explore a new world of possibilities.
通过计算机，Csuri能够去探索一个(充满无限)可能性的新世界。
For example, the computer enables him to sculpt in three dimensions.
举例来说，计算机使他能够在三维(空间)雕刻。
Also, he can look at a sculpture from any angle, and move it around, change the location of the light source, or he can copy it in different colors.
另外，他能从任意角度观察雕塑，并且四处移动它，改变光源的位置，或者他能够用不同的颜色复制它。
Over the years, Csuri received numerous grants for various projects.
多年以来，Csuri在各种各样的项目上收到了无数的补助金。
This money allowed him to train students in computer graphics and animation techniques, and to advance the computer as a medium for artists.
这些钱使他能够在电脑绘图和动画技巧方面训练学生，并且促进计算机成为艺术家的媒介。
Even though he uses modern technology, Csuri still insists he is creating art.
虽然他使用现代科技，Csuri仍然坚持他是在创造艺术。
He's always told his students to keep the issues of art in focus, and not get so caught up in the technology that you forget about the image.
他总是告诉他的学生，要保持在艺术的问题上聚焦，不要如此的卷入科技以至于忘记了图像。
托福听力练习对照文本
Now we're entering Kangaroo Country.
现在我们正在进入袋鼠的国度。
In all, there are more than fifty different species of kangaroo, and the advantage of zoos like ours is that you see them in their natural habitat.
总共有超过五十种不同的袋鼠，像我们这样的动物园的优势是,你在他们的自然栖息地看到它们。
The ones we have all live in the grasslands.
我们拥有的这些(袋鼠)都生活在这草原上。
On my right, you can see one of the biggest types: the red kangaroo.
在我的右边，你能见到最大的一个品种：红袋鼠。
It travels about 20 miles per hour.
它一个小时大约行进20英里。
It looks like hard work, but hopping actually lets the kangaroo conserve more energy than another animal could when running on four legs.
看起来似乎很辛苦，但是跳跃实际上让袋鼠你能比其他四条腿奔跑的动物保存更多的能量。
In fact, up to a certain point, the faster a kangaroo goes the more energy it conserves.
事实上，在某种程度上，袋鼠行进的越快节省的能量越多。
Rather than taking more hops to increase speed, the kangaroo makes the length of each jump longer.
与其说用更多的跳跃来增加速度，不如说袋鼠使每次的跳跃长度更长。
Let's stop here for a minute. Take a look over on your right at this group of kangaroos resting.
让我们停在这里一小会儿。看看在你的右边正在休息的这群袋鼠。
Can you see that their ears are moving? Hearing may well be the kangaroo's most important sense.
你能看见他们的耳朵在动吗?听力很可能袋鼠的最重要的感觉。
Their two large ears can move independently, so sometimes one ear is pointing forward and the other toward the rear.
它们的两只大耳朵能独立地动，所以有时一只耳朵向前一只耳朵向后。
Kangaroos' eyesight is also excellent. They have a wide field of vision and, like most grazing animals, they are especially good at detecting movement.
袋鼠的视力也很棒。它们有一个宽广的视野，而且，像大多数食草动物一样，它们尤其擅长侦测动作。
Before we move on, I'd like to point out one more thing: If you look closely, you can see a joey that's a baby kangaroo peering out of its mother's pouch.
在我们继续之前，我想再指出一件事：如果你仔细观察，你能见到一只幼仔，那是一只小袋鼠正从妈妈的育儿袋里隐约露出来。
Before long that joey will be out of the pouch for good. The mother will push it out by the time it's eight months old.
不久以后那只幼仔将永久地从育儿袋里出来。妈妈将在它八个月大时强迫它出来。
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