8个考试技巧助你雅思阅读提分
有什么规律和技巧可言能够帮助雅思阅读提分呢?今天小编给大家带来了8个考试技巧助你雅思阅读提分，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读备考丨8个考试技巧助你雅思阅读提分
很多考鸭都知道，按照雅思阅读题量，正常的阅读速度是做不完的，想要在1小时内做完，并且拿到相对高的分数，是很不容易的。那有什么规律和技巧可言能够帮助雅思阅读提分呢?本文就带大家了解一些关于雅思阅读的技巧方法，适合没经验的雅思小白们。
1、identify the writer’s overall purpose, target audience, sources etc.
辨识作者的写作目的，目标读者，和文章来源这种阅读技能需要学生从文章的结构、内容、用词通篇考虑。往往对应的是文章最后的一道选择题。一般说来，雅思阅读文章的写作目的一般是介绍某个社会现象，目标读者一般都是普通的具有一定认知能力的非专业性读者，文章都来自一些偏学术化的杂志和书籍。但具体的写作目的目标读者和文章来源要具体分析了。
2、identify and follow key arguments in a text
识别并读懂文章中的主要论述观点这种阅读技能是指从整体去把握一篇文章的结构，并对相应的重要的文章观点进行提炼理解的能力。雅思的阅读文章比较学术性，所以相对与其他的文体而言结构其实是比较容易把握的。但还是需要经过真题文章的仔细分析体会去学习英文议论说明性文字的结构特点，尤其注意体会区别出作者自己的观点和别人的观点，以及先负后正的写法。
3、identify opinions and attitudes as opposed to facts
区分事实与观点态度能够区分文章中的内容是观点态度或者是事实是一个阅读者应该具备的基本技能。如果阅读的时候不分青红皂白都认为是事实，我们就缺失了对文章信息的判断能力，阅读将可能是极其混乱的。人们不只在阅读外语文章的时候会犯这种错误。那么在文章中如果出现一些类似表示观点态度的词(比如maintain, argue)要注意，这些词后面出现的应该就是观点和态度。观点和态度是主观的，不能被证明的。但如果是这样的表达：evidence show, experiment suggest后面跟的就应该是事实，可以被证明的。
4、locate specific information
定位细节信息：雅思阅读有一种比较难的题型which paragraph contains the following information考察的就是定位细节信息的能力。这种能力是考察学生能不能在海量的信息里找到你最想找的信息然后进行阅读的能力。这反应了国外大学阅读量巨大的要求。学生不可能每个字都读，得具备这种找到最有价值的一点然后再进行相关阅读的能力。平时训练这种scanning的阅读技能。当然如果对全文结构不做一个skimming也就是大致了解文章结构而大致知道在哪几段中寻找，这种任务基本上是不可能完成的。这也反应了读书的一个基本步骤，拿到一本书我们应该先看目录，知道书的大致结构再由此在最相关的段落中寻找阅读兴趣点。因此这种题型需要skimming+scanning两种阅读技能的结合才能准确快速地解题。
5、extract relevant information
摘取相关信息当定位到最相关的句子之后，雅思阅读考试是希望学生能细致阅读并摘取出相关的信息答案的。而不是象那种什么不阅读阅读法说的那样不需要读原文就能解出答案。那么平时大家也应该进行相应的精读训练，把一些平时难以读懂的句子仔细通过各种方法真正读懂其意思。当然阅读的时候应该带着问题去有针对性的阅读，搜寻我们想通过阅读得出的最相关的信息。这些阅读技能对应的是雅思绝大部分的细节题：包括填空题，表格题，句子完成题。
6、recognise key points for a summary
辨识概要里面的关键点这两种阅读技能在一定程度上都要求同学们能在阅读的时候区分出主旨和细节，以及主旨里面最核心的关键点。这两种阅读技能往往对应的就是heading题和summary题。要知道往往一篇文章其实都可以用几句话甚至是几个词来概括，那么平时同学们在阅读时一定要随时问自己一个问题：这段话可以用哪一句话概括，这一句话中最重要的一个单词是什么?其他的信息和这个核心句或核心词之间的关系是怎样的?细节和主旨，关键点和其他细节点之间的联系和区别在哪里?如果能回答这几个问题，这个阅读技能你也应该掌握了。但其实掌握了某种阅读技能就意味着你在阅读时要随时使用这种技能，技能不拿来应用又有什么意义呢?
7、group pieces of information in a text in accordance with salient criteria
根据明显的标准对文章中的信息进行归类这种阅读技能反映在题型上就是分类题或者是配对题。作者在论述过程中的很多信息其实是有内在关联的，文章之所以是一个整体就是因为这种关联性。在阅读过程当中要随时问问自己句子之间的关系是什么，信息和信息之间的关系是什么，作者是按照一个什么样的逻辑顺序来展开他的文章的。只有这样你才能真正看出那么多纷繁复杂的信息之间的关系并为它们进行归类。其实这和上文中提到的很多阅读技能一样，既是有效阅读的手段，也是检验你是否有效阅读的工具。
8、extract information from a prose text to put into a diagrammatic representation
从文章中摘取相关的信息填入图表图表在雅思听力，阅读，写作中都会出现。而使用图表来一幕了然地表达相关的文字信息或者用文字信息简洁地表示出图表也是一种非常重要的工作学习技能。因此同学们平时在阅读时候碰到带有图表的文字要留意图表和文字之间的对应关系。
雅思考试阅读精选及答案详解
1.雅思阅读材料
Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty
A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in 2007. Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter.
B. There are several reasons for Europe's recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in 2006 the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006's improvement in economic growth will have its impact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then.
C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty: the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, the Treaty of Nice in 2001. And in 2005 they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback.
D. In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to "ever closer union" and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances, the EU's 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfway towards committing themselves to a new treaty. All that will be necessary will be to incorporate the 50th-anniversary declaration into a new treaty containing a number of institutional and other reforms extracted from the failed attempt at constitution-building and—hey presto—a new quasi-constitution will be ready.
E. According to the German government—which holds the EU's agenda-setting presidency during the first half of 2007—there will be a new draft of a slimmed-down constitution ready by the middle of the year, perhaps to put to voters, perhaps not. There would then be a couple of years in which it will be discussed, approved by parliaments and, perhaps, put to voters if that is deemed unavoidable. Then, according to bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin, blithely ignoring the possibility of public rejection, the whole thing will be signed, sealed and a new constitution delivered in 2009-10. Europe will be nicely back on schedule. Its four-to-five-year cycle of integration will have missed only one beat.
F. The resurrection of the European constitution will be made more likely in 2007 because of what is happening in national capitals. The European Union is not really an autonomous organisation. If it functions, it is because the leaders of the big continental countries want it to, reckoning that an active European policy will help them get done what they want to do in their own countries.
G. That did not happen in 2005-06. Defensive, cynical and self-destructive, the leaders of the three largest euro-zone countries—France, Italy and Germany—were stumbling towards their unlamented ends. They saw no reason to pursue any sort of European policy and the EU, as a result, barely functioned. But by the middle of 2007 all three will have gone, and this fact alone will transform the European political landscape.
H. The upshot is that the politics of the three large continental countries, bureaucraticmomentum and the economics of recovery will all be aligned to give a push towards integration in 2007. That does not mean the momentum will be irresistible or even popular. The British government, for one, will almost certainly not want to go with the flow, beginning yet another chapter in the long history of confrontation between Britain and the rest of Europe. More important, the voters will want a say. They rejected the constitution in 2005. It would be foolish to assume they will accept it after 2007 just as a result of an artful bit of tinkering.
2.雅思阅读题目
Questions 1-6 Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
TRUE if the statemenht reflets the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this
1. After years' introspection and mistrust, continental European governments will resurrect their enthusiasm for more integration in 2007.
2. The European consitution was officially approved in 2005 in spite of the oppositon of French and Dutch voters.
3. The Treaty of Rome , which is considered as the fundamental charter of the European Union, was signed in 1957.
4. It is very unlikely that European countries will sign the declaration at the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome.
5. French government will hold the EU's presidency and lay down the agenda during the first half of 2008.
6. For a long time in hisotry, there has been confrontation between Britain and the rest of European countries.
Questions 7-10 Complet the following sentencces.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.
Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.
7. Every four or five years, European countries tend to make a rapid progress towards ___________________by signing a new treaty.
8. The European constitution is supposed to ______________________for yet more integration of European Union member countries.
9. The bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin rashly ignore the possibility of __________________and think the new consitution will be delivered in 2009-10.
10. The politics of the three large continental countries, __________________ and the economic recovery will join together to urge the integration in 2007.
Questions 11-14 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.
11. Which of the following statemnts is true of Euopean economic development.
A. The economy of Europe developed much faster than that of Asia before 2006.
B. The growth of European economy was slightly slower than that of America in 2006.
C. The development of European economy are likely to slow down by 2007.
D. The recovery of European economy may be considerably accelerated by 2007.
12. The word "immobilised" in the last line of Section C means ___________.
A. stopped completely.
B. pushed strongly.
C. motivated wholely.
D. impeded totally.
13. Which of the following statements about the treaties in European countries is NOT TRUE.
A. The Maastricht Treaty was signed in 1992.
B. The Treaty of Amsterdan was signed in 1997.
C. The Treaty of Nice was signed in 2001.
D. The Treaty of Rome was signed in 2007.
14. The European constitution failed to be ratified in 2005--2006, because
A. The leaders of France, Italy and Germany were defensive, cynical and self-destructuve..
B. The voters in two countries of the Union --France and Holland rejected the constitution.
C. The leaders of the EU thought that it was unneccessary to pursue any European policy.
D. France, Italy and Germany are the three largest and most influential euro-zone countries.
3.Notes to the Reading Passage
1. pan-Enropean
pan- 前缀：全，总，泛
pan-African 全/泛非洲的(运动)
pan-Enropean全/泛欧的(机构建设)
2. outstrip
超越，胜过，超过，优于
Material development outstripped human development “物质的发展超过了人类的进步”
3. ebb
回落跌落;衰退或消减
The tide is on the ebb. 正在退潮。
4. Machiavelli
马基雅维利，尼克尔1469-1527意大利政治理论家，他的著作君主论(1513年)阐述了一个意志坚定的统治者不顾道德观念的约束如何获得并保持其权力。
文章中意为“任何一个人都可以看到，显而易见。”
5. hey presto
突然地;立即(魔术师用语)您看，变!
6. upshot
结果;结局
雅思高分经验分享丨雅思阅读拿8.5分，真的很难吗?
雅思阅读考试攻略
1、刷题，刷题，还是刷题
雅思阅读是非常讲求速度和熟练度的一个部分。和听力一样，最简单粗暴的方法还是刷题。 需要注意的是，每做一篇阅读一定一定要掐表看时间，力争20分钟解决战斗，建立良好的时间分配观念和紧迫感。一开始也许是因为词汇量不足，也许是理解不到位，我们的正确率会比较低。但是千万不要放弃，硬着头皮也得坚持练，阅读量上去了，见过的词汇自然也就多，也就更加熟悉。
刷的题目多了，题感自然就上来了(这东西怕是很难说清楚，得在历次失败中慢慢自己感悟咯)。另外，课外的英语阅读量也是很重要的。就我个人而言， 因为科研需要我平时会看好一些自己研究方向的英文论文，这可是非常能够锻炼理解能力的，理工科的英文阅读可是比雅思阅读难好多的，而且必须得硬着头皮去读懂，不然没法工作。要是可以把那些变态的英文理论推导，定理描述给啃下来，雅思阅读考试真的就是小菜一碟了。
2、具体备考步骤
(1)快速浏览全文
你最好用1—2分钟大致浏览雅思阅读全文，以便掌握文章的结构。
这一步骤虽短，但却是训练及解题过程中的重点。文章的篇章结构模式可以帮助考鸭更好地理解内容，并理顺句子或段落间的关系，以便在做题过程中有重点的跳读。
例如：在Cause-Effect中，浏览重心应放在Effect上;而在Comparison/Contrast/Concession中，应把注意力放在某个转折点之后的内容;而见到属于Addition/Defining/Explanation/ Description的部分，则可以直接跳过去。这种方式能大大降低文章的阅读量。
(2)解析题目
首先，无论遇到哪种雅思阅读题型，你都应尽可能地找出一些关键词，以便迅速定出答案可能所在的区域。其次，应对各种题型有较深入的理解。
尤其是每种雅思阅读题型的应对方法。拿Matching的题来讲，在General Reading和Academic Reading中就不一样，一个是Matching of Information，另一个是Matching of Paragraph Headings，两种题型的做法不一样，在前者，你应将注意力集中在题中，将每个问题的核心词标出来，然后根据这些核心词去文中找相应的信息。
在后者，你的注意力应放在归纳文章上，在进行核心词分类后，就要对文章的结构和每段的重心进行归纳与分析，找出各段的主题词，然后在段落的首句中找出相应信息。
(3)注意词形变化
一定要特别注意词形变化、同(近)义词或是相关词，因为题目中出现的词不一定和文章中出现的词一模一样。在平时训练中尤其要培养这方面的敏感度。核心词尽量以信号词为主，其次才是关键词，这一找信息的方法尤其适用于雅思阅读考试中的“Gap-filling、Table/Graph Filling、Sentence Completion、Short Answer Question、True/False以及Multiple Choice题目。
(4)攻克单词和句子阅读
IELTS阅读是考试一大难点，很多考鸭在雅思阅读上失手。其主要存在以下几个难点：单词、句子阅读、阅读速度和考鸭主观臆断。
准备单词卡片，循环背诵一般IELTS阅读中涉及词汇量比较大，但你具备4000左右即可应考。单词贫乏的考鸭，一定要及时补充词汇，打下扎实的基础。在应试时很容易遗忘或混淆单词的意义，为了避免类似情况发生，一定要加强单词意义的理解。
(5)句子参考上下文，分析主谓结构
在句子理解方面，我们最容易犯的错误就是根据自己已有经验片面理解。IELTS阅读中有的题目考的是对于文章中某一句子的理解，要参考上下文客观地看问题。应对一些复合句，尤其是双重否定句、比较句、指代句等有较深了解。
特别在遇到复杂句时，应静心思考，从把握句子主干一一主谓结构着手来分析解剖句子结构。
(6)学会做标记
雅思阅读追求速度(speed)与准确度(accuracy)的完美结合。快而不准或准而太慢都会影响考分。我们在勤奋练习的时候掌握一些阅读技巧将达到事半功倍的效果。
快速阅读最关键的是在扫描全文的时候把握每段的主旨，并做出标记，在看完全文后对雅思阅读文章的结构主题有大致的了解。此外，考鸭以单词为单位看文章，遇生词就停顿等坏习惯都要极力避免。
总之，考鸭平时多看、多读、多听、多说、多写，多接触英文(much exposure to English)再运用一些阅读技巧，拿下雅思阅读并非一件难事。
3、雅思阅读的障碍与方法
(1)单词
IELTS普通培训类阅读文章中涉及词汇7000左右，但具备4000左右(即大学英语四级水平)即可应考。单词量不够的人,应在短期内迅速扩充认知词汇,为看文章做题打下一个良好的基础。
有些人脱离语境孤立地背单词,这样容易遗忘或混淆单词的意义。如果你考试时遇到contribution(设计;设法做到)想不起来什么意思,只记得在词汇表里该单词位于contribution(贡献)之后、controversial(有争议的)之前。要解决这个问题,可以通过制作单词卡片,正面写英文拼写,背面写中文释义的方法来记忆。每天背一定量的生词,并不断补充,而且还可以打乱次序。当然,最有效的是在上下文,即文章当中记忆单词。
(2)句子
IELTS阅读中有的题目考的是对于文章中某一句子的理解,若你领会有偏差,就容易失分。
我们应对一些复合句,尤其是双重否定句、比较句、指代句等有一定的了解。在遇到比较复杂的句子的时候,应静下心来,从把握句子主干一一主谓结构着手来分析句子结构。
(3)速度
几乎任何阅读考试均同时考查阅读速度(speed)与理解精确度(accuracy)。IELTS普通培训类阅读考试要求考鸭在60分钟的时间里迅速而准确地答题。
为赶时间而一味求快或为追求准确而放弃一些题的做法都是不可取的。总的来说,阅读速度的改善不容易一蹴而就,需要大量的练习和长时间的努力。
4、雅思阅读常考替换词
1.限制：limit, restrict, confine, define, narrow, tighten, constrict
2.集中，聚焦于：focus on, concentrate on, aim, spotlight, lay/place/put emphasis on, deal only with, highlight
3.现代的，最新的：contemporary, modern, current, present, recent, up-to-date, latest
4.增长：grow, increase, expand, rise, improve, soar, climb, extend, rocket
5.悲观的，忧郁的： pessimistic, gloomy, depressed,, hopeless, sad, blue, unhappy
6.加速，前进：accelerate, speed up, advance, hasten, quicken, develop, hurry
7.相似的，相同的：similar, resemble, same, identical
8.重要的,必要的,必不可少的，关键的，有意义的：important, significant, weighty, critical, vital, essential, crucial, indispensable, necessary, key, chief, principal, leading, historic
9.紧急的，迫不及待的,临近的：urgent, pressing, crucial, critical, immediate, emergent
10.长期的，慢性的：chronic, long-term, long-standing
11.人工的，人造的，合成的：artificial, synthetic，man-made, manufactured, artificial intelligence(AI)=machine reasoning
12.足够的，充分的,大量的：sufficient, adequate, enough, abundant, ample, plenty of ,considerable, plentiful
13.战争，军事：military,army,battle(field),armed,forces,attack,combat,conflict,war
14.隔绝，孤立，分离：isolation, separation, detachment, disconnect, insulate, loneliness, remote
15.表达，申明，陈述：expression, statement, announcement, communication, declaration
16.最高点，顶峰：peak, summit, top, high point, highest point
17.脆弱的，容易受到伤害的：fragile, sensitive, vulnerable, delicate, weak, tender
18有吸引力的attractive, charming, good-looking, lovely, pretty, engaging
19.依赖，取决于：depend on, rely upon(on),count on, bank on, require
20.资金，金融，补助，福利，工资：fund, finance, pay for, subsidize, salary, economic, welfare, wage, money, income, fee
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8个考试技巧助你雅思阅读提分
