雅思阅读判断题的关键技巧
雅思阅读判断题是阅读中常见的题型，如何才能快速做对判断题?下面小编就和大家分享雅思阅读判断题的关键技巧，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读判断题的关键技巧
一. 雅思阅读判断题解读
我们都知道雅思阅读判断题有三个选项：TRUE(正确)、FALSE(错误)、NOT GIVEN(未提及)。相对来说，正误选项比较简单一些，未提及比较难以判断。大家要了解的一点是NOT GIVEN并不意味着原文中完全未提及相关内容，有可能是选项所表达的观点在原文中并未明确表示。很多同学很容易将NOT GIVEN错选成FALSE，以为在文章中找不到对应的答案就是错的，其实不然。选择FALSE一定是文章中有提及并且明显错误的选项，大家在做雅思阅读判断题的时候要注意FALSE和NOT GIVEN的区别。
二.雅思阅读判断题解题方法
1. 雅思阅读判断题解题技巧之快速定位
雅思判断题的定位方法和填空题类似，也是通过关键词来定位，在选取的关键词的时候可以选择人名地名或其他一些名词来快速定位。下面我们通过剑雅13 Test1第一篇阅读第10题来具体分析一下如何快速定位。第10题判断原题如下“According to research，26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.”这道题有两个可选取的定位“26%”和“accommodation”，结合着两个词我们可以迅速将判断依据定位至第六段第四句话“This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction, while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26%.”我们可以看到占有26%的除了“accommodation”还有“transport”，所以答案错误。
2. 雅思阅读判断题之准确理解原文信息
除了快速定位外，我们还要能够准确理解原文信息，如果信息理解有误，也可能会导致大家做出错误判断。比如剑雅13 Test1第一篇阅读第11题，原题如下“Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.”看到题目我想大家都明白，定位词应该选“local culture”，通过定位词我们可以将答案锁定到阅读文章第六段第5句，“It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn about traditional Maori life.”这句话说明游客是非常喜欢当地文化的，但是继续往下看就发现文章末尾还有一句“In addition, it appears that visitors to New Zealand don't want to be‘one of the crowd' and find activities that involve only a few people more special and meaningful.”如果大家对于这句话的句意理解不够透彻的可能会影响对题目的判断，为什么又不想成为“one of the crowd”呢?其实这句话说得是人们不喜欢随大流，更喜欢人少有意义的活动，所以原句仍然是正确的，选TRUE。
三. 雅思阅读判断题通用技巧
除了这些通用的定位和理解原文的判断技巧外还有一些其他的做题技巧，比如，绝对性的题目一般都是错误的，数字题只要数字不符就是错的等等。这些技巧是有助于大家快速做雅思阅读判断题的，但是这些方法的准确性仍有待考证，建议大家在做题练习中检测一下这些方法的准确性，考试中如果没有时间去仔细找答案可以利用这些方法做题。
雅思阅读材料：小睡一个小时的作用有多大?
The average Briton gets six-and-a-half hours' sleep a night, according to the Sleep Council. Michael Mosley took part in an unusual experiment to see if this is enough.
It has been known for some time that the amount of sleep people get has, on average, declined over the years.
This has happened for a whole range of reasons, not least because we live in a culture where people are encouraged to think of sleep as a luxury - something you can easily cut back on. After all, that's what caffeine is for - to jolt you back into life. But while the average amount of sleep we are getting has fallen, rates of obesity and diabetes have soared. Could the two be connected?
We wanted to see what the effect would be of increasing average sleep by just one hour. So we asked seven volunteers, who normally sleep anywhere between six and nine hours, to be studied at the University of Surrey's Sleep Research Centre.
The volunteers were randomly allocated to two groups. One group was asked to sleep for six-and-a-half hours a night, the other got seven-and-a-half hours. After a week the researchers took blood tests and the volunteers were asked to switch sleep patterns. The group that had been sleeping six-and-a-half hours got an extra hour, the other group slept an hour less.
While we were waiting to see what effect this would have, I went to the John Radcliffe hospital in Oxford to learn more about what actually happens when we sleep.
In the Sleep Centre, they fitted me up with a portable electro-encephalograph, a device that measures brain wave activity. Then, feeling slightly ridiculous, I went home and had my seven-and-a-half hours of sleep.
The following day I went to discuss what had happened inside my head during the night with Dr Katharina Wulff.
The first thing she pointed out was that I had very rapidly fallen into a state of deep sleep. Deep sleep sounds restful, but during it our brains are actually working hard. One of the main things the brain is doing is moving memories from short-term storage into long-term storage, allowing us more short-term memory space for the next day. If you don't get adequate deep sleep then these memories will be lost.
You might think: "I'll cut back during the week and then make up for it at the weekend." Unfortunately it doesn't work like that, because memories need to be consolidated within 24 hours of being formed.
Since deep sleep is so important for consolidating memories it is a good idea if you are revising or perhaps taking an exam to make sure that you're getting a reasonable night's sleep. In one study, people who failed to do so did 40% worse than their contemporaries.
Deep sleep only lasts for a few hours. My electrode results showed that during the night my brain went through multiple phases of another kind of activity, called REM sleep.
"This is the phase when you are usually paralysed - so you can't move," Wulff explained. But the eye muscles are not paralysed, and that's why it's called rapid eye movement sleep."
During REM sleep an extraordinary thing happens. One of the stress-related chemicals in the brain, noradrenalin, is switched off. It's the only time, day or night, this happens. It allows us to remain calm while our brains reprocess all the experiences of the day, helping us come to terms with particularly emotional events.
We get more REM sleep in the last half of the night. Which means that if you are woken unexpectedly, your brain may not have dealt with all your emotions - which could leave you stressed and anxious. Drinking alcohol late at night is not a good idea as it reduces your REM sleep while it's being processed in your body.
Back at the University of Surrey our sleep volunteers had finished their second week of the experiment. What we wanted to see was the effect switching from six-and-a-half hours to seven-and-a-half hours, or vice versa, would have on our volunteers.
Computer tests revealed that most of them struggled with mental agility tasks when they had less sleep, but the most interesting results came from the blood tests that were run.
Dr Simon Archer and his team at Surrey University were particularly interested in looking at the genes that were switched on or off in our volunteers by changes in the amount that we had made them sleep.
"We found that overall there were around 500 genes that were affected," Archer explained. "Some which were going up, and some which were going down."
What they discovered is that when the volunteers cut back from seven-and-a-half to six-and-a-half hours' sleep a night, genes that are associated with processes like inflammation, immune response and response to stress became more active. The team also saw increases in the activity of genes associated with diabetes and risk of cancer. The reverse happened when the volunteers added an hour of sleep.
So the clear message from this experiment was that if you are getting less than seven hours' sleep a night and can alter your sleep habits, even just a little bit, it could make you healthier. "Have a lie-in, it will do you good" - that's the kind of health message that doesn't come along very often.
据英国睡眠委员会(Sleep Council)调查显示，英国人平均每天只睡6.5小时。为了验证这样的睡眠是否足够，迈克尔·莫斯利医生(Michael Mosley)参加了一项不寻常的实验。
近些年来，人们已经认识到了这样的事实：我们的平均睡眠时间正在逐渐减少。
这一现象的原因是多方面的，其中之一便是我们所处的文化让我们觉得睡觉是件奢侈的事情，可以轻而易举地缩减。毕竟，咖啡因的功能就在这儿了：把你唤回清醒的状态。然而，随着睡眠量的不断下降，肥胖和糖尿病的发病率却在大幅升高——二者之间会不会有一定关系呢?
我们想看看把平均睡眠时间增加一小时会有什么效果，于是邀请了7位志愿者参加我们的实验。这7个人平日的睡眠在6—9个小时之间。实验由萨里大学(University of Surrey)的睡眠研究中心负责主持。
我们将志愿者随机分为两组，一组每晚睡6.5小时，另一组睡7.5小时。一周之后研究者对两组人的血液进行检测，并调换两组的睡眠量，原来睡6.5小时的一组多睡一小时，另一组则少睡一小时。
就在我们等待实验结果的过程中，我来到位于牛津的约翰·拉德克里夫医院(John Radcliffe hospital)，看看我们睡觉时究竟发生了什么。
在该院的睡眠中心里，工作人员为我戴上一台便携式脑电图仪。就这样，我戴着仪器半觉好笑地回到家，睡了7.5个小时。
第二天，我来到医院，向卡塔琳娜·伍尔夫医生询问了我的情况。
首先，她指出我很快就进入了深睡眠。虽然听上去挺安详，大脑在深睡眠时其实在积极地工作，其中一件重要的事情便是将短期记忆转存到长期记忆中，从而为第二天的短期记忆腾出空间。如果睡得不够，一些短期记忆便会丢失。
你也许会想：“我在工作日里缩减睡眠，到周末再补上不就行了吗?” 遗憾的是，大脑的运行机制并非如此，因为记忆需要在最初形成的24小时内得到强化。
由于深睡眠对于强化记忆十分重要，复习和考试前睡够觉就很有必要。在一项研究中，那些在复习和考试前没能睡够觉的学生比同龄人表现差了40%。
深睡眠只能持续几个小时。我的脑电图显示，大脑在夜里经历了几个称为快速动眼睡眠(REM)的阶段。
“人处于这一阶段时通常是麻痹的，所以动不了。”伍尔夫解释道。但由于这时的眼部肌肉并未麻痹，因此这一阶段的睡眠称作“快速动眼睡眠”。
快速动眼睡眠时，我们的体内会发生一种奇特的变化：脑内的去甲肾上腺素(一种与压力有关的化学物质)会大量消失，使得我们能够在平静中对白天的经历进行再加工，从而更好地应对某些事件对我们造成的情绪影响。然而，无论黑夜还是白天，去甲肾上腺素只有在快速动眼睡眠中才能大量消失。
由于快速动眼睡眠更多地分布于后半夜，如果你在夜里突然醒来，大脑这时很有可能还没完全处理掉你的情绪，从而导致压力感和焦虑的产生。深夜饮酒可不是什么好事情，因为代谢酒精会缩短快速动眼睡眠的时间。
两周后，我们的睡眠志愿者们结束了实验。我们想看看，人在少睡一小时和多睡一小时时会有哪些变化。
计算机测试结果表明，少睡一个小时时，多数人在完成思维敏捷性的任务时显得力不从心。不过更有趣的还是血液的检测结果。
萨里大学的西蒙·阿彻博士和他的团队发现，睡眠时间的变化会影响基因的活跃程度。
“我们发现一共约有500个基因受到影响。”阿彻说。“有些变得更加活跃，有些则相反。”
他们发现，当志愿者的睡眠从7.5小时减少到6.5小时时，体内与炎症、免疫和应对压力相关的基因变得更加活跃，与糖尿病和癌症相关的基因也是如此。而当受试者的睡眠时间增加后，这些基因的活跃程度便减弱了。
因此，实验清楚地表明，对于那些睡不够7个小时的人而言，如果他们能够改变睡眠习惯，哪怕只是做出一点点改变，他们的身体都会变得更健康。“多睡会吧，对你有好处。”遗憾的是，这样的建议我们听到的太少了。
雅思阅读材料：寿司热量比汉堡薯条还高?
Sushi is no longer the sole preserve of the adventurous diner. These days, grabbing a pack for lunch is almost as common as picking up a cheese and pickle sandwich.
寿司不再是美食冒险家的专利了。如今，买一盒寿司作午餐几乎就像买奶酪泡菜三明治一样稀松平常。
The Japanese dish can be bought from every major supermarket (where sales have risen a staggering 88 percent in the past two years).
在每个大型超市都可以买到这一日本料理(在过去两年内寿司销售量猛增了88%)。
Indeed, the British sushi industry — of which Tesco has a 60 percent market share — is worth more than £56 million annually.
事实上，英国的寿司产业(其中乐购公司占了60%的市场份额)每年收益超过了5600万英镑。
The main reason for its surge in popularity is its reputation as a healthy meal. Japanese women are among the healthiest in the world, while slender celebrities such as Victoria Beckham, Cheryl Cole and Keira Knightley are all fans of the raw fish dish.
寿司变得如此受欢迎，主要原因是它被誉为健康食品。日本女性是全世界最健康的，而像维多利亚•贝克汉姆、谢丽尔•科尔和凯拉•奈特莉这些拥有苗条身材的名人都是这种生鱼料理的粉丝。
But do sushi’s nutrition credentials — especially the Western version — stack up? Not always, according to dietitian Rachel Beller. In her book Eat To Lose, Eat To Win, she says a ‘light lunch’ of sushi may mean you overdose on calories and carbohydrates.
但是寿司(尤其是西方版寿司)确实有营养学证明吗?营养学家瑞秋•贝勒表示，并非总是如此。她在自己的书《瘦在饮食，赢在饮食》中说，一份“简单的”寿司午餐可能意味着你摄入了过量卡路里和碳水化合物。
‘A typical sushi roll contains 290 to 350 calories and has the carbohydrate equivalent of two-and-a-half to four slices of bread,’ says Ms Beller.
贝勒女士说：“一个典型的寿司卷含有290至350卡路里，其碳水化合物含量相当于两片半到四片面包所含的碳水化合物。”
‘So a California roll (round rolled sushi, containing a small piece of fish and avocado plus fatty mayonnaise) equals two sandwiches filled with crab sticks (processed fish that is flavoured and coloured to look and taste like crab), a sliver of avocado and a tiny bit of veg.’
“因此一个加州卷(圆形的卷状寿司，含有一小片鱼、鳄梨和含油脂的蛋黄酱)相当于两个夹有蟹肉棒的三明治(蟹肉棒是经过调味和上色、使其具有蟹肉的外观和口感的一种鱼类加工产品)、一片鳄梨和一点蔬菜。”
Bear in mind a sushi lunch contains two or three of these rolls, a total of up to 1,050 calories, and it’s easy to see how we’re conning ourselves that we’re enjoying a low-calorie, healthy lunch.
别忘了一顿寿司午餐包含两到三个这种寿司卷，总热量达到1050卡路里，这样很容易可以看出，我们以为吃寿司午餐是在享用低热量健康饮食，其实是在自欺欺人。
Many of us believe eating sushi is a good way to get the Government’s recommended two portions of fish each week, but here’s the problem: most sushi contains very little protein, despite its expense.
许多人认为吃寿司是达到政府建议的每周两份鱼的饮食标准的好方法，但是问题是：尽管寿司价格不菲，但大部分寿司所含的蛋白质很少。
Health experts say a portion of fish should weigh 140g, but on average, the fish in a California roll or piece of nigiri (rice with fish balanced on the top) weighs just 5g.
健康专家称，一份鱼的重量应为140克，但是平均来看，一个加州卷或一个生鱼片寿司(把鱼片均匀地放在米饭上的料理)中的鱼肉重量只达到5克。
You’d need to eat 28 pieces of sushi to reach your 140g portion — or more, if you choose a mixed sushi box containing vegetarian varieties.
你将需要吃28个寿司才能达到140克的鱼肉摄入标准，或需要吃更多——如果你选择的是含有多种蔬菜的混搭寿司盒。
Even ‘fish’ sushi boxes don’t contain much. Marks & Spencer Fish Sushi Selection (191g, £4.68) has just 36g of fish, meaning you would have to eat four boxes and consume 1,184 calories to get one of your recommended fish portions.
即使“全鱼”寿司盒所含的鱼肉也不多。玛莎百货的精选鱼片寿司(191克，4.68英镑)只含有36克鱼，这意味着你将必须吃掉四盒这样的寿司，摄入1184卡路里才能达到建议的鱼肉摄入量。
雅思阅读相关文章：
雅思阅读判断题的关键技巧
