雅思阅读提升技巧之快速找出定位词
雅思阅读如何在有限的时间内高效快速地完成答题呢?今天小编给大家带来了 雅思阅读提升技巧之快速找出定位词，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读提升技巧之快速找出定位词
1、定位词的基本特点：
不可替换性：题目中变化性最小的词性才能充当定位词，一般情况下以具象名词为主。
2、定位词的三大种类：
A 特殊词汇
其中包括：首字母大写的信息，数字，时间，与人相关的信息(身份、职业)，学科等
如果此类定位词和主题相关，一般每段都重复，则无任何实际作用;如果定位词只在局部的1~2段重复，仍然要做出答案位置的标志。具有描述性的名词、抽象概念的名词，由动词或者形容词延伸出的名词往往变化性也较大，但在定位时不要舍弃。
B 限定+名词
限定和名词的组合其实相当于一个具象的“名词”，一般情况下在文章中能找到这样的类似组合或者概念的表达，因此方便定位。
但是有时候限定+名词组合在文中会出现上义到下义的改写现象，这个时候需要学生善于根据这个特点去联想定位。比如说在做段落信息配对题时候这种改写非常明显，以剑7let's go bats这篇文章的段落信息配对题为例;最后一个题目出现了一个military use 这样的限定和名词组合，再定位过程中一定要联想到在文章中一般会给出这个组合所表达概念的下义内容，此题文章对应的就是detection of submarine，world war 2这样下义表达。
C 新鲜词汇和绝对生词
这一类别定位词的判定需要大家对于文章话题和结构有一定的把握，比如说一篇文章的话题是考古，但是题目中出现了一个词叫garret阁楼，这个词相对于主题就比较新鲜，一般都能定位到。再如剑5第一篇文章summary题目最后出现了一个词king也相对主题(词典编撰)有点新鲜，因此可以定位到。对于绝对生词，因人而异，这里不建议词汇量特别小的学员将此类作为定位词，词汇量小，任何核心词汇高频词汇都有可能是生词，定位起来很麻烦。
3、错乱定位法
在雅思阅读的做题过程中会发现有时候即使定位词找对了但是在定位的过程中也可能效果不好，因为有些定位词一般都是藏在文章的某一个小角落，存在但难发现。比如说在做TRUE，FALSE，NOT GIVEN的时候如果依次做题，第一题题目找到定位词，然后带着定位词在文章中查找，有可能会扑空，如果扑空了，这个定位的过程所用的时间就浪费了，最后导致的结果是做题时间不够用。那么如何解决这一问题呢?那就是错乱定位。
错乱定位就是浏览所有题目中的定位词，然后简单的判断哪些定位词最易找到，先找出最易找的定位词做出对应的题目，然后再做其他。以剑5Johnson’s dictionary后面的summary题为例。浏览summary，划出所有定位词，garret，central desk，40000，king.然后会发现40000很好找，几乎2秒就能定位到，定位到以后很容易做出第5空，其次是King，做出第6空;再结合这种题型的特点，很快能搞定其他定位词和所有题。这样的一个过程没有一个步骤很浪费的，因此可以提高做题效率。
雅思阅读模拟题及答案详解 Sun‘s fickle heart may leave us cold
1.雅思阅读材料
Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold
From New Scientist. Stuart Clark
1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100，000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.
2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax， Virginia， modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior. According to the standard view， the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However， Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.
3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005， Grandpierre and a collaborator， Gábor ágoston， calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.
4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each other out， some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.
5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages： for the past million years， ice ages have occurred roughly every 100，000 years. Before that， they occurred roughly every 41，000 years.
6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit， known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100，000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives， triggering the ice ages. However， a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.
7 "In Milankovitch， there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another，" says Neil Edwards， a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes， UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claim that the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.
8 However， Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example， if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling， carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part of the carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.
9 According to Edwards， there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add their effects together， there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work，" he says. "The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation，" he says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation."
10 Ehrlich concedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on the sun， I can't think of one that is practical，" he says. That's because variation over 41，000 to 100，000 years is too gradual to be observed. However， there may be a way to test it in other stars： red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller than that of the sun， and so Ehrlich believes that the oscillation periods could be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.
11 Nigel Weiss， a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge， is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible". Ehrlich counters that Weiss's opinion is based on the standard solar model， which fails to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature fluctuations.(716 words)
2.雅思阅读题目
Questions 1-4
Complete each of the following statements with One or Two names of the scientists from the box below.
Write the appropriate letters A-E in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.
A. Attila Grandpierre B. Gábor ágoston C. Neil Edwards D. Nigel Weiss E. Robert Ehrlich
1. ……claims there抯 a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall in periods as long as those between ice ages on Earth.
2. ……calculated that the internal solar magnetic fields could produce instabilities in the solar plasma.
3. ……holds that Milankovitch cycles can induce changes in solar heating on Earth and the changes are amplified on Earth.
4. ……doesn't believe in Ehrlich's viewpoints at all.
Questions 5-9
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?
In boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet write TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
5. The ice ages changed frequency from 100，000 to 41，000 years a million years ago.
6. The sole problem that the Milankovitch theory can not solve is to explain why the ice age frequency should shift from one to another.
7. Carbon dioxide can be locked artificially into sea ice to eliminate the greenhouse effect.
8. Some scientists are not ready to give up the Milankovitch theory though they haven't figured out which mechanisms amplify the changes in solar heating.
9. Both Edwards and Ehrlich believe that there is no practical way to test when the solar temperature oscillation begins and when ends.
Questions 10-14
Complete the notes below.
Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet.
The standard view assumes that the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusions hold the temperature ……10……in the sun's interior， but the slight changes in the earth's ……11…… alter the temperature on the earth and cause ice ages every 100，000 years. A British scientist， however， challenges this view by claiming that the internal solar magnetic ……12…… can induce the temperature oscillations in the sun's interior. The sun's core temperature oscillates around its average temperature in ……13…… lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years. And the ……14…… interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other， which explains why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.
Answer keys and explanations：
1. E See the sentences in paragraph 1(There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100，000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.) and para.2 (Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax， Virginia， modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior.)
2. A B See para.3：Grandpierre and a collaborator， Gábor ágoston， calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma.
4. D See para.11： Nigel Weiss， a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge， is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible".
5. False See para.5： for the past million years， ice ages have occurred roughly every 100，000 years. Before that， they occurred roughly every 41，000 years.
6. False See para.7： "In Milankovitch， there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another，" …… Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces.
7. Not Given See para.8： if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling， carbon dioxide?is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect. (The passage doesn't mention anything about locking Co2 into ice artificially.)
8. True See para.9： there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add their effects together， there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work，"?"The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory.
9. True See the sentences in para.9 (According to Edwards， he says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation.") and para.10 (Ehrlich concedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on the sun， I can't think of one that is practical)。
10. constant See para.2： According to the standard view， the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion.
11. orbit See para.6： Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit，earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100，000 years.
12. instabilities See para.3： magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.
13. cycles See para.4： …allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years.
14. random See para.4： Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other
2018年4月14日场雅思A类阅读机经预测
雅思阅读文章题目 Typography Introduction of Printed books
重复年份 20160312 20110127
雅思阅读题材 发展史
雅思阅读题型 判断4+雅思阅读填空9
雅思阅读文章大意 活字印刷的历史。两个德国人去Italy的一个地方，后来又搬去了罗马，之后很多商人就开始注意到印刷的潜在经济价值。
参考答案：
雅思阅读判断题：
1. Early books have many errors – F
2. 活字印刷里就记得在M..某个地方只有富人才买得起书– T
3. 刚开始printing的书，插图illustration – T
4. Business man in Roma begin to notice the value of printing can make money F
雅思阅读雅思阅读填空题：
5. 类似流程图从上往下一步步说怎么印刷
6-7. Assembling Fonts: sheet of paper
8. 第1版是用来更正错误的proof reading
9. types……pages are in right sequence
10. Local newspapers做宣传
11-12. 问两种印刷方法的单词: binding and simulating
13. They lived very near to the book industry
雅思阅读文章题目 Fluoridation in the water
重复年份 20160312 20140719 20130119
雅思阅读题材 医疗健康
雅思阅读题型 雅思阅读选择题3+判断6+句子雅思阅读填空5
雅思阅读文章大意 本文讲述了氟化物添加对健康影响。对要不要对饮用水进行氟化处理，学者有两派不同的意见。
部分参考答案：
雅思阅读选择题：
1. How hot is the area A
2. People should not be forced to take compulsory medication
3. To demonstrate that scientists’ finding will be influenced by social factors
雅思阅读判断题：
4. 待补充
5. Science should not decide policy
6. Scientific and social factors should be separated No
7. Many sociologist ignore S’s study
8. S work was not emphasized by sicnetists outside the northern America NG
9. Both supporters and opponents have made valid argument. YES
雅思阅读填空题：
10. Science is objective and unbiased
11. Can be affected by social factors
12. Scientific discovery cannot be understood at first
13. Cautious action is not necessary
14. People should have the right to choose
雅思阅读文章题目 Undergraduate students study dramas
重复年份 20160331 20141018
雅思阅读题材 人文社科
雅思阅读题型 暂无
雅思阅读文章大意 文学专业学生的课程指南，提到了让学生观看英国不同时期剧院中的戏剧，并列举了不同时期四种剧院的特点。
参考阅读：
Medieval period
Main article: Medieval theatre
By the medieval period, the mummers' plays had developed, a form of early street theatre associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as Saint George and the Dragon and Robin Hood. These were folk tales re-telling old stories, and the actors travelled from town to town performing these for their audiences in return for money and hospitality.
Renaissance: Elizabethan and Jacobean periods
The period known as the English Renaissance, approximately 1500—1660, saw a flowering of the drama and all the arts. The two candidates for the earliest comedy in English Nicholas Udall's Ralph Roister Doister (c. 1552) and the anonymous Gammer Gurton's Needle (c. 1566), belong to the 16th century.
During the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) and then James I (1603–25), in the late 16th and early 17th century, a London-centred culture, that was both courtly and popular, produced great poetry and drama. The English playwrights were intrigued by Italian model: a conspicuous community of Italian actors had settled in London. The linguist and lexicographer John Florio (1553–1625), whose father was Italian, was a royal language tutor at the Court of James I, and a possible friend of and influence on William Shakespeare, had brought much of the Italian language and culture to England. He was also the translator of Montaigne into English. The earliest Elizabethan plays includes Gorboduc (1561) by Sackville and Norton and Thomas Kyd's (1558–94) revenge tragedy The Spanish Tragedy (1592), that influenced Shakespeare's Hamlet.
17th and 18th centuries
Aphra Behn was the first professional English woman playwright.
During the Interregnum 1649—1660, English theatres were kept closed by the Puritans for religious and ideological reasons. When the London theatres opened again with the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, they flourished under the personal interest and support of Charles II. Wide and socially mixed audiences were attracted by topical writing and by the introduction of the first professional actresses (in Shakespeare's time, all female roles had been played by boys). New genres of the Restoration were heroic drama, pathetic drama, and Restoration comedy. Notable heroic tragedies of this period include John Dryden's All for Love (1677) and Aureng-zebe (1675), and Thomas Otway's Venice Preserved (1682). The Restoration plays that have best retained the interest of producers and audiences today are the comedies, such as George Etherege's The Man of Mode (1676), William Wycherley's The Country Wife (1676), John Vanbrugh's The Relapse (1696), and William Congreve's The Way of the World (1700). This period saw the first professional woman playwright, Aphra Behn, author of many comedies including The Rover (1677). Restoration comedy is famous or notorious for its sexual explicitness, a quality encouraged by Charles II (1660–1685) personally and by the rakish aristocratic ethos of his court.
Victorian era
A change came in the Victorian era with a profusion on the London stage of farces, musical burlesques, extravaganzas and comic operas that competed with Shakespeare productions and serious drama by the likes of James Planché and Thomas William Robertson. In 1855, the German Reed Entertainments began a process of elevating the level of (formerly risqué) musical theatre in Britain that culminated in the famous series of comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan and were followed by the 1890s with the first Edwardian musical comedies. W. S. Gilbert and Oscar Wilde were leading poets and dramatists of the late Victorian period.[16] Wilde's plays, in particular, stand apart from the many now forgotten plays of Victorian times and have a much closer relationship to those of the Edwardian dramatists such as Irishman George Bernard Shaw and Norwegian Henrik Ibsen.
雅思阅读文章题目 Unique golden textile
重复年份 20160421 20131121
雅思阅读题材 工业
雅思阅读题型 小标题6+人名配对4+雅思阅读填空3
雅思阅读文章大意 蜘蛛丝与纺织品。雅思阅读文章讲述了golden spider是如何在体内把Liquid silk转化为solid silk的过程，雅思阅读文章中提到了一些科学家针对蜘蛛做的实验，如何提高capacity。在结尾两段讲述了关于spider silk的医学应用及市场的积极前景。
参考答案：
小标题：
i experiment of an old idea
ii lifecycle of Madagascar spiders
iii advances in textile industry
iv resources to meet demands
v physical property of spider silk
vi scientific analysis spider silk
vii work of art
viii importance of silk textile
ix difficult to raise spider in capacity
14. Paragraph A viii
15. Paragraph B v
16. Paragraph C ix
17. Paragraph D i
18. Paragraph E iv
19. Paragraph F vii
人名配对4：
A. Simon Peers B. Nicholas Godlley C. Blackledge
20. need tremendous spider to make a small amount of spider silk B
21 Scientists want qualities of spider silk for medical use A
22 Scientists make progress to manufacture spider silk C
23 spider silk materials are be of strength A
雅思阅读填空3：
24. grow silk by introduce genetic material into bacteria and animals
25. Silk come from liquid protein made in a gland inside of bodies.
26. Spider silk spins cause force to make liquid turn to solid silk.
雅思阅读文章题目 British Woodlands
重复年份 20160430 20120421
雅思阅读题材 自然环境
雅思阅读题型 段落细节配对7+选词雅思阅读填空7
雅思阅读文章大意 讲的是英国森林的演变利用和最后的管理，大致雅思阅读文章脉络是在人类的入侵之前英国的植被覆盖情况，工业革命之后，人们对森林的掠夺从以燃烧原料和建筑材料为目的到了以工业发展为目的，后来人们意识到保护森林的重要，开始投入人力物力进行保护。
部分答案参考：
段落细节配对：
27 a description of careless working practices that harm woodland F
28 details of landscape prior to human intervention B
29 arguments against cash rewards H
30 a botanical source of evidence for the appearance of primitive woodland B
31 reasons for reduced economic importance of woodland E
32 a reason for recent improvements of woodland management G
33 an implication for people of unhealthy tree A
选词雅思阅读填空：
Evolution of British Woodland
When woodland started to grow after last Ice Age. certain 34. species naturally
dominated certain regions of Britain. People then intervened to reduce the woodland by using grazing animals and methods such as 35. burning and coppicing. An increasing number of trees have been grown to meet the demand of 36. Industry
Situations of woodland in Britain deteriorated due to the use of 37. I and the rigid 38. planting patterns of woodland. Such practices also destroyed the 39.habits G of animals and other wildlife.
However, in the twentieth century, the state of woodland in Britain has been improved. 40.grants available for fund encourage people to plant trees in good quality.
雅思阅读文章题目 Coastal sculpture
重复年份 20160507 20140712 20130105
雅思阅读题材 艺术
雅思阅读题型 段落细节配对5+人名配对题5+句子雅思阅读填空3
雅思阅读文章大意 海边雕塑。雅思阅读文章一共聊了3座海岸边的知名雕塑的来源与现况，并上升到，认为此种也是当代艺术的代表，丰富了艺术结构。雅思阅读文章由法国的海岸边雕塑引入到世界范围，最后又落回到英国的三座雕塑。
参考答案：
段落细节配对：
14. A misunderstanding regarding financing of the construction of artwork. C
15. A suggestion of a place with fewer visitors than it used to be. D
16. Positive comments regarding all three pieces of artwork. E
17. How a talk change people's opinions. D
18. Reference of an artwork that turned out to cost the public a lot. B
人名配对：
A. Antony's figure B. Moe's status C. Lost church
19. It commemorates a hero. B
20. Some people like to make physical contact with it. A
21. It is welcomed by local people. B
22. It has been shown In other place. A
23. People fear it will cause accident. C
句子雅思阅读填空：
24. Another Place is representation Gormley s own body.
25. The original Walton Church disappear because of coastal erosion.
26. The material used to build Lost Church will be steel pole.
雅思阅读文章题目 Solving an Arctic Mystery
重复年份 20160521 20141025
雅思阅读题材 人文社科
雅思阅读题型 判断7+雅思阅读填空6
雅思阅读文章大意 北极沉船。两条执行任务的船消失了，很多人试图找到它们，但都失败了，最后在sonar技术的支持下找到了。船上所有船员全部通过遇难的原因探究中发现，他们遗骸中很多都lead超标，研究发现tin of food及inheritance等因素均不是汽运，造成中毒的原因是water needed for engine。研究结果跟inuit人的口头记录温和，证实了其可靠性。
参考答案：
判断：
1. 很多人尝试定位没有成功 T
2. 这是Inuit人第一次跟定位沉船的专家合作 NG
雅思阅读填空：
8. geology
9. solar
10. tin
11. water
12. engine
13. stories
雅思阅读文章题目 When did music begin?
重复年份 20160528 20130216
雅思阅读题材 艺术
雅思阅读题型 选择4,+配对5+判断5
雅思阅读文章大意 讲音乐的起源和影响，讲到了音乐和语言的关系，提到一个学者对于音乐的研究。
部分答案参考：
判断：
27. In the first paragraph, what does the writer say about the nature of music?
C. Music ability is made of many elements
28. Who originally states that speech and music developed at the same time?
A. John Blacking
B. Nils Wallin
C. Steven Mithen
D. Steven Brown
29. In Mithen's book, the theory about music
C. affect the behaviours of others
30. an ancestor common for Neanderthals and homo sapiens when
A. selecting a partner
配对：
31. Music has a universal character C
32. The contribution that Mithen has made about the evolution of music A
33. The theory that language is related to the music supported by Mithen E
34. The previous researchers' contribution to the evolution of music B
35. The previous review about the music D
A. has an effect on the other researchers
B. useful while limited in several ranges of scope.
C. despite cultural influences it
D. is not the same in ail traditions.
E. was not originally accepted by some researchers
F. was based on historical theories
36. Mithen's research about music take into account the association with physical
movements. Y
37. Mithen's hypotheses can be proved by some small societies in remote locations now. Y
38. The adult speech directed at babies is similar to Neanderthals' communication. NG
39. Mithen's theory supports Steven Pinker. N
40. People in modern society are heavily relied on electronically produced music. NG
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雅思阅读提升技巧之快速找出定位词
