GRE填空缺乏解题线索要看语法
GRE填空缺乏解题线索要看语法,2个实例讲解语法答题实用技巧,一起来学习一下吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
GRE填空缺乏解题线索要看语法 2个实例讲解语法答题实用技巧
GRE填空没思路不妨从语法找线索
为什么说GRE填空难题要用语法解决呢?这是因为在一些难度较高的填空题目中，解题的线索很多时候都不在词汇辨析上，特别是多空题和等价题，单看空格选项本身也许符合意思的选择不止一个，而这种时候突破的关键就变成了其它内容，这其中需要依靠语法解题的情况比较常见。比如说，出现在某一空格处的语法结构或表达方式，是否在题目的别处也同样出现过。若果真如此，则后者必为前者提供可以利用的解题线索。通过从语法知识角度入手，考生更容易发现解题线索，而不会因为在词义辨析上绕来绕去而浪费时间。
GRE填空题语法解题技巧实例分析
例子1
The ---------- of mass literacy coincided with the first industrial revolution; in turn, the new expansion in literacy, as well as cheaper printing, helped nurture the ---------- of popular literature.
(A) building ... mistrust
(B) reappearance ... display
(C) receipt ... source
(D) selection ... influence
(E) emergence ... rise
解答
在空格Ⅰ处，需在定冠词和介词(of)之间代入一名词，以说明"mass literacy"方面的某一情形。在第二句句子开头，主语the expansion in literacy显然是对前述的mass literacy作某种形式的复述，这便可将介于定冠词和介词in之间的expansion提取出来代入空格Ⅰ。在空格Ⅱ处，又需在定冠词和介词(of)之间代入一名词。从动词"helped nurture"可判断出一种因果关系，按因果统一律的原则，可将作为原因的expansion移入空格Ⅱ作为结果。这样，语法结构相同的空格Ⅰ和空格Ⅱ应代入两个与expansion为同(近)义的词汇，正确答案为(E)。
翻译
大众文化知识之普及，它的出现正值等一次工业革命;反过来，文化知识的新发展，加诸于廉价的印刷，有助于培养通俗文学的兴起。
例子2
Every novel invites us to enter a world that is initially strange; our gradual and selective orientation to its manners --------- the infant's --------- to their environment.
(A) imitates ... welcome
(B) completes ... introduction
(C) resembles ... adjustment
(D) alters ... blindness
(E) reinforces ... resistance
解答
空格Ⅱ：观其语法结构，需在所有格(infant's)和介词(to)之间代入一名词，这可从语法结构相似的该句主语，即介于所有格(out)和介词(to)之间的名词orientation获取线索，求得同义词(C) adjustment。空格Ⅰ：在主语和宾语为同义词的情况下，代入的动词(C) resembles就完美地体现出两者间的并列关系。本题的主题是：成人之于小说，就如婴儿之于他们的环境，都会有某种陌生感，需逐渐地予以调整适应。
翻译
每一部小说都诱使我们进入一个初看上去倍显陌生的世界中去;我们逐渐地，有选择地适应其种.种情形，与婴孩对其新环境的调整别无两致。
GRE填空虽然主要考点是词汇，但这并不代表考生只靠词汇就能搞定所有填空难题。掌握一些除了词汇以外的解题技巧，能够帮助大家更高效准确地解决各类难题，因此考生也需要对这些方法技巧有所了解才行。
GRE填空学会查找重复关系
1.根据关键词汇来判断语言上的基本逻辑关系
因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, so…that, so...as to, if…then, when...then, as long as……)转折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet……)递进、(even, indeed………)对比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously……)等等。
2.寻找句子中的重复关系
作为研究生院入学的参考考试，也许是为了体现内容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各个学科的背景知识。同时基于对所有学科学生都要公平的原则，所有的题目在解题点上都不涉及背景知识。为了做到这一点，很多时候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用语言上的线索提示你去把它找出来。以下是提供重复线索的几种常见形式：
(1) 简单的直接重复
The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of ___, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.
A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration
尽管大自然的美确实很重要，但污染的消除不仅是什么问题，当然不仅是美的问题。
Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of----can boost sales of video clips very nicely.
A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt
摇滚乐手很少自嘲，尽管什么东西能促进录像短片的销售，当然就填自嘲。
Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world ___of___.
A. bereft.. theatricality B. composed.. adversity C. full.. circumstantiality D. deprived.. polarity
E. devoid.. neutrality
Melodramas这个词不认识也没关系，既然它表现的是无辜与罪行、道德与堕落、善与恶之间的刻板对立，那么它提供给观众什么样的世界呢?当然是刻板对立的世界，只有E选项符合要求。
(2) 解释型重复
The Muses are___deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.
A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate
冒号后面的内容就是正确选项D这个词的释义，所以不知道缪斯是什么东西也能轻松选对。
Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents___.
A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness
冒号后面的内容解释了民主方式运作的工作团体中为何少有严重的冲突，所以即使看不懂a modicum of
tolerance for dissent是什么东西，也应该知道这个东西避免了严重冲突，故选B。
(3) 根据语法结构推断重复：
The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ___ that permits very little ___.
A. text.. clarity B. work.. tradition C. genre.. deviation
D. oration.. grandiloquence E. achievement.. rigidity
a literary ___ that permits very little ___. 是前面的a very strict form的同位语，所以第一空格填form的同义或近义词，that permits very little___. 这个从句完成后应为strict的同义或近义词。
Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very
recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.
A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable
这道题同样，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的___ fact的同义重复，所以空格应填入文献学家关注的事实，已知的五个选项里显然只有B选项的statistical(统计的)是文献学家的份内工作。
(4) 凭借具有指示作用的形容词或代词来寻找重复
Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.
A. manufacture.. accomplished B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined
D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted
下半句的such a coincidence说明第一空格的动词填入后应体现为是一种巧合，两个看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一样的东西(非相关专业的绝大部分学生是不太可能认识mitochondria和chloroplasts这两个词的)怎样了一个长的、可以认为是一模一样的DNA序列就是一个巧合呢?当然只有D的share表示了这个意思。
Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.
A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented.. antiquated C. repealed.. vulnerable
D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable
Which指代逗号前面的那句话，也就是“法律不保障社会秩序”，这就使得法律怎样呢?当然只有D选项的ineffective符合句意。
GRE填空表达外向类的词汇
性格内向类词汇
self-effacing 自我谦卑 shy 害羞 evasive 逃避 retire 羞怯，沉默的 diffident 缺少自信 reserve 沉默拘谨 inhibit 羞怯的 reticent 沉默 eschew 躲避 introvert 性格内向的
性格外向类词汇
publicity 公开性 controversy 论辩 contentious 好争吵的 facetious 幽默的 presumptuous 专横的 intrepid 勇猛的 be oneself 大方 instigate 鼓动
GRE填空判断句子关系的技巧
一.GRE填空答题过程中如何判断句子之间的逻辑关系
GRE填空考察的就是整体逻辑语言的能力，考生的任务就是找出句子成分间的逻辑关系，并选择一个合理且必然的选项。
句子成分间的逻辑关系对解题起着至关重要的作用，它们常常由一些明显的关键词提示。
最重要的几种逻辑关系：
因果关系：because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, hence, given, so…that, so…as to, when…then, as long as, in order to……
转折关系：albeit, but, although, despite, however, in spite of, nevertheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even though, even if, yet……
对比关系：in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly……另外还有时间的不同体现相反的关系等。
填空题的句子常出现陌生的专业术语，晦涩的思想观点等，但对解题并不构成真正的障碍。因为题目本身往往提供了足够的内容的重复线索帮助你找到正确的答案。
e.g.
Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world _____ of _____.
A. bereft theatricality
B. composed adversity
C. full circumstantiality
D. deprived polarity
E. devoid neutrality
题目的主干要我们填Melodramas提供给观众一个怎样的世界，同时又告诉我们它们表现了无辜与罪恶，美德与堕落之间的刻板对立，所以我们不需要知道Melodramas是什么东东就可以判断它们提供给观众的是一个刻板对立的世界，五个选项中只有E选项“全无中立的世界”表达了这个意思。
The new biological psychiatry does not deny the contributing role of psychological factors in mental illnesses, but posits that these factors may act as a catalyst on existing physiological conditions and _____ such illnesses.
A. disguise B. impede C. constrain D. precipitate E. consummate
这道题粗看起来内容十分专业，空格要求填factors 对such illnesses 有什么样的动作。其实句子中有一个明确的重复线索，factors 起到了一个催化剂的作用，所以空格中填入一个表达催化意思的词语，就一定是正确选项。表示催化的感觉的词只有D项：precipitate
二.GRE填空答题过程中如何判断语气和感情色彩
有时，通过正常的阅读去理解句子比较难且费时间。但是用感情色彩去判断，处理起来就变得比较方便。
e.g.
Johnson never _____ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if _____ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.
A. designed tacit
B. attempted halfhearted
C. intended direct
D. scrupled literal
E. wished feigned
句子的意思比较令人费解，但是从句末whatever the effects on his subordinates(不管对他的下级产生怎样的影响)看，我们知道Johnson做的是一件不好的事情。
从第一个空格看，五个选项只有D的scrupled填入表达这样的意思。
判断逻辑关系，寻找重复关系，判断语气及感情色彩这几步熟练的结合运用，几乎能解决所有的填空问题。
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