GRE阅读之这些提速解题思路确保难题得分

如果题目中是关于A的提问，但是原文中没有直接给出与A相关的描述。不过，文中出现了与B相关的特征描述，而B呢正好是与A形成强烈对比的对象。那么我们只需要把B的特征取非就可以得到答案了。一般文章中会出现unlike，in contrast to, compared with,阅读的过程中遇到该类别的关键词注意要做笔记。

3. 发现无关信息直接排除

如果某一个选项和文章大意没有关系或者根本没有提到过，那么它一定就是正确答案了。因此，在阅读的过程中要留意文章每段的中心意思，理出文章的写作思路，以此来作为细节判断的依据。

如果能够将题目定位到某一段，那么就可以用该段的TS(Topic Sentence 主题句)来进行排除，和TS无关的就是正确选项。

以上内容即是GRE阅读中排除法解题的相关技巧介绍，希望对考生们备考有所帮助!

GRE阅读长难句中译英练习

96. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death."

97. On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted—suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.

98. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end--of--life care.

99. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing new.

100. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

96.[参考译文]Nancy Dubler，Montehore医疗中心的主任，认为这一原则将会保护这样一些医生，他们到目前为止还强烈坚持他们不能够给病人足量的镇痛剂来控制他们的疼痛，如果这么做会加速他们的死亡的话。

97.[参考译文]在另一个层面上，很多医疗界的人承认，关于医生帮助下的自杀的讨论部分是因为病人的绝望情绪，对他们来说，现代医学已经延长了死亡的身体痛苦。

98.[参考译文]它把对疼痛的治疗不足和盲目积极使用"有可能延长死亡时间甚至让死亡过程蒙羞的无效并且强迫性的医疗手段"视为生命临终医护的两个问题。

99.[参考译文]换句话说，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着--套约定俗成的写作模式，为新闻报道提供了主干框架以及可直接套用的叙述结构。若没有这些，新闻内容就会一团混乱，让人摸不着头脑。

100.[参考译文]如果新闻界真的注意到了问题的关键，它就应该进一步开放其多样化项目，这个项目现在还只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，而进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层大相径庭的各种记者。

GRE阅读练习每日一篇

Great comic art is never otherwordly, it does not seek to mystify us, and it does not deny ambiguity by branding as evil whatever differs from good. Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate contradictions in social action, not gloss over (gloss over: v.掩盖) or transcend them by appeals to extrasocial symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature. The moment of transcendence in great comic art is a social moment, born out of the conviction that we are human, even though we try to be gods. The comic community to which artists address themselves is a community of reasoning, loving, joyful, compassionate beings, who are willing to assume the human risks of acting rationally. Without invoking gods or demons, great comic art arouses courage in reason, courage which grows out of trust in what human beings can do as humans.

17. The passage suggests that great comic art can be characterized as optimistic about the ability of humans to

(A) rid themselves of pride

(B) transcend the human condition

(D) avoid social conflicts

(E) act rationally

18. It can be inferred from the passage that the author admires great comic artists primarily for their

(A) ability to understand the frequently subtle differences between good and evil

(B) ability to reconcile the contradictions in human behavior

(D) insistence on confronting the truth about the human condition

(E) insistence on condemning human faults and weaknesses

19. Which of the following is the most accurate description of the organization of the passage?

(A) A sequence of observations leading to a prediction

(B) A list of inferences drawn from facts stated at the beginning of the passage

(D) A statement of the major idea, followed by specific examples

(E) A succession of ideas moving from specific to general

It has long been known that the rate of oxidative metabolism (the process that uses oxygen to convert food into energy) in any animal has a profound effect on its living patterns. The high metabolic rate of small animals, for example, gives them sustained power and activity per unit of weight, but at the cost of (at the cost of: adv.以...为代价) requiring constant consumption of food and water. Very large animals, with their relatively low metabolic rates, can survive well on a sporadic food supply, but can generate little metabolic energy per gram of body weight. If only oxidative metabolic rate is considered, therefore, one might assume that smaller, more active, animals could prey on larger ones, at least if they attacked in groups. Perhaps they could if it were not for anaerobic glycolysis, the great equalizer.

Anaerobic glycolysis is a process in which energy is produced, without oxygen, through the breakdown of muscle glycogen into lactic acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy provider. The amount of energy that can be produced anaerobically is a function of the amount of glycogen present—in all vertebrates about 0.5 percent of their muscles’ wet weight. Thus the anaerobic energy reserves of a vertebrate are proportional to the size of the animal. If, for example, some predators had attacked a 100-ton dinosaur, normally torpid, the dinosaur would have been able to generate almost instantaneously, via anaerobic glycolysis, the energy of 3,000 humans at maximum oxidative metabolic energy production. This explains how many large species have managed to compete with their more active neighbors: the compensation for a low oxidative metabolic rate is glycolysis.

There are limitations, however, to this compensation. The glycogen reserves of any animal are good, at most, for only about two minutes at maximum effort, after which only the normal oxidative metabolic source of energy remains. With the conclusion of a burst of activity, the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids, leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid is reconverted, via oxidative metabolism, by the liver into glucose, which is then sent (in part) back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis. During this process the enormous energy debt that the animal has run up (run up: v.迅速积累) through anaerobic glycolysis must be repaid, a debt that is proportionally much greater for the larger vertebrates than for the smaller ones. Whereas the tiny shrew can replace in minutes the glycogen used for maximum effort, for example, the gigantic dinosaur would have required more than three weeks. It might seem that this interminably long recovery time in a large vertebrate would prove a grave disadvantage for survival. Fortunately, muscle glycogen is used only when needed and even then only in whatever quantity is necessary. Only in times of panic or during mortal combat would the entire reserves be consumed.

20. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) refute a misconception about anaerobic glycolysis

(B) introduce a new hypothesis about anaerobic glycolysis

(D) analyze the chemistry of anaerobic glycolysis and its similarity to oxidative metabolism

(E) explain anaerobic glycolysis and its effects on animal survival

21. According to the author, glycogen is crucial to the process of anaerobic glycolysis because glycogen

(A) increases the organism’s need for ATP

(B) reduces the amount of ATP in the tissues

(D) ensures that the synthesis of ATP will occur speedily

(E) is the material from which ATP is derived

22. According to the author, a major limitation of anaerobic glycolysis is that it can

(A) produce in large animals more lactic acid than the liver can safely reconvert

(B) necessitate a dangerously long recovery period in large animals

(D) consume all of the available glycogen regardless of need

(E) reduce significantly the rate at which energy is produced by oxidative metabolism

23. The passage suggests that the total anaerobic energy reserves of a vertebrate are proportional to the vertebrate’s size because

(A) larger vertebrates conserve more energy than smaller vertebrates

(B) larger vertebrates use less oxygen per unit weight than smaller vertebrates

(D) the amount of muscle tissue in a vertebrate is directly related to its size

(E) the size of a vertebrate is proportional to the quantity of energy it can utilize

24. The author suggests that, on the basis of energy production, a 100-ton dinosaur would have been markedly vulnerable to which of the following?

I. Repeated attacks by a single smaller, more active adversary

II. Sustained attack by numerous smaller, more active adversaries

III. An attack by an individual adversary of similar size

(A) II only

(B) I and II only

(D) II and III only

(E) I, II, and III

25. It can be inferred from the passage that the time required to replenish muscle glycogen following anaerobic glycolysis is determined by which of the following factors?

I. Rate of oxidative metabolism

II. Quantity of lactic acid in the body fluids

III. Percentage of glucose that is returned to the muscles

(A) I only

(B) III only

(D) I and III only

(E) I, II, and III

26. The author is most probably addressing which of the following audiences?

(A) College students in an introductory course on animal physiology

(B) Historians of science investigating the discovery of anaerobic glycolysis

(D) Zoologists interested in prehistoric animals

(E) Biochemists doing research on oxidative metabolism

27. Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?

(A) The disadvantage of a low oxidative metabolic rate in large animals can be offset by their ability to convert substantial amounts of glycogen into energy.

(B) The most significant problem facing animals that have used anaerobic glycolysis for energy is the resynthesis of its by-product, glucose, into glycogen.

(D) The major factor ensuring that a large animal will triumph over a smaller animal is the large animal’s ability to produce energy via anaerobic glycolysis.

(E) The great differences that exist in metabolic rates between species of small animals and species of large animals can have important effects on the patterns of their activities.

答案：EDCEEBDAEAA

GRE阅读之这些提速解题思路确保难题得分

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