GRE阅读解题技巧错误答案快速辨别技巧

By far the most popular United States literature of its time was a body of now-neglected novels written between 1820 and 1870 by, for, and about women. According to Nina Baym, who has termed this genre “woman’s fiction,” the massive popularity of these novels claimed a place for women in the writing profession. The novels chronicle the experiences of women who, beset with hardships, find within themselves qualities of intelligence, will, resourcefulness, and courage sufficient to overcome their obstacles. According to Baym, the genre began with Catharine Sedgwick’s New-England Tale (1822), manifested itself as the best-selling reading matter of the American public in the unprecedented sales of Susan Warner’s Wide, Wide World (1850), and remained a dominant fictional type until after 1870. The critical, as opposed to popular, reception of these novels in their own time was mixed. Theoretical opposition by those who saw fiction as a demoralizing and corrupting influence was by no means dead in mid-nineteenth-century America, and popular successes naturally bore a significant proportion of the attack. The moralistic tone of much woman’s fiction did not placate these antagonists; on the contrary, many clerical opponents of the novel thought that women were trying to take over the clergy’s functions and hence attacked all the more fiercely. Similarly, some male authors, disgruntled by the emergence of great numbers of women writers, expressed contempt for the genre.

On the other hand, the women had a powerfully ally--their publishers, who not only put these works into print but advertised them widely and enthusiastically. Some few reviewers wrote about these works with attention and respect, distinguishing between the works of the different authors and identifying individual strengths and weaknesses. These approving contemporary critics were particularly alert to each writer’s contribution to the depiction of American social life, especially to regional differences in manners and character types. On the whole, however, even these laudatory critics showed themselves uninterested in the stories that this fiction told, or in their significance.

Baym acknowledges that these novels are tell--with variations--a single familiar tale, and correctly notes that this apparent lack of artistic innovation has been partly responsible for their authors’ exclusion from the canon of classic American writers traditionally studied in university literature courses. Baym points out, however, that unlike such male contemporaries as Nathaniel Hawthorne, these women did not conceive of themselves as “artists,” but rather as professional writers with work to do and a living to be made from fulfilling an obligation to their audience. This obligation included both entertainment and instruction, which are not, says Baym, at odds with one another in these books, nor is entertainment the sweet coating on a didactic pill. Rather, the lesson itself is an entertainment: the central character’s triumph over adversity is profoundly pleasurable to those readers who identify with her.

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

A. Summarizing the major contributions of two influential writers

B. Describing and commenting on a group of literary works

C. Summarizing the major events of a period of literary history

D. Contrasting two types of literary works from the same era

E. Arguing for the adopting of several neglected literary works into university curriculums

参考答案：B

2. The author of the passage cites Susan Warner’s Wide, Wide World most probably as an example of a woman’s novel that

A. Had more advanced artistic elements than many of its type

B. Attracted an excessive amount of critical attention

C. Was found to be inappropriately moralistic by many members of the clergy

D. Was significant as an indicator of the genre’s popularity

E. Signaled the gradual decline of the size of the genre’s audience

参考答案：D.

3. The author of the passage implies which of the following about the members of the clergy mentioned in the first paragraph?

A. They also opposed works of fiction that were outside the genre of woman’s fiction.

B. They opposed journalism as well as imaginative writing.

C. Their influence reached its pinnacle in the mid-nineteenth century.

D. They were unable to obtain the support of other critics for their views.

E. Their attacks on the genre of the novel did not extend to novels written by male writers.

参考答案：E.

4.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage concerning the majority of the nineteenth-century reviewers of woman’s fiction?

A. They considered the position taken by the clergy in regard to woman’s fiction self-serving.

B. They did not make fine distinctions between different authors.

C. They placed a higher value on plot than on social significance.

D. They subscribed to the view of writers as purveyors of popular entertainment rather than as artists.

E. They felt that the literary market was saturated with novels by and about women.

参考答案：C.

这篇长篇阅读的4道题目中，就有许多选项包含了上述提到的六种错误选项，每道题目中都有1个或者数个选项存在问题，有些题目5个选项中就包括了几种错误。大家不妨结合正确答案，对比查看一下具体错误选项类型。

学会快速辨识错误选项提升解题速度正确率

之所以要特别列出阅读中的错误选项，是因为这种选项对于考生阅读部分的正确率杀伤率极高。比起其它一目了然的数学或者填空题，GRE阅读要解题首先就要读文章，很多考生读完文章，特别是长篇文章后，本身思路已经有些混乱，再被这些干扰选项祸害一下，很容易就会出现连续错误。而许多考生对于GRE阅读存在的畏惧情绪和心理阴影，其实也往往是由错误选项导致的。

GRE阅读的重要出题点

按考到的可能性由高到低排列：

(1)中心思想必考

(2)增减互动关系必考

(3)对照比较点必考，考异性超过了考同性

(4)唯一特征必考

(5)强烈语气必考

(6)修辞提问考的概率较大，自问自答必考

(7)结构解释选考，但引号表示反义时必考

(注释：结构性解释：一般有同位语短语，从句，定语从句或内的注释)

(8)孤立数字不考，横向和纵向比较的数字必考

(9)并列排比考的概率较大(考except题型及I，II，III罗马数字题型)

(10)例证选考

(11)推理过程不考，推理结论必考

(12)体裁风格短文选考，长文章一般不考

GRE阅读的良好习惯

1.解剖文章的第1段

新GRE考试中阅读部分需要考生积极主动地解读文章的第1段，阅读时尽量记住作者提出的问题(现象或观点)，和一些关于文章内容的概念和词汇，如这篇文章讲的是生物化学，日本企业文化还是黑人运动。文章的论题是什么，作者想说什么-

2.在脑子里面形成一个作者思路图

在脑子里或者在草稿纸上画一个文章的结构思路题。各个段落的目的是什么，主题又是什么-再次提醒，考察的是你的答题能力而非阅读能力。你不必完全掌握整篇文章，了解文章中的每一个细节(其实，你也没有那么多时间)。相反，你应该只读文章段落的第1句，而快速浏览其余部分。当你“读”完这篇文章时，你就能对文章的结构思路有总体的把握。

3.通览文章时，留意语气词和过渡词

在快速阅读文章时，特别留意段落开头或者结尾可能出现的语气词和过渡词。这样做有助于你对作者思路的把握，从而快速掌握文章大意。

4.停下来，总结一下文章大意

在回答问题前，花几秒钟总结一下文章的思路和主题。

5.开始答题

根据你对文章的整体思路来答题。将问题(或选项)定位到文章中具体的某个段落甚至具体的句子。这里，你可以比第3个步骤更仔细。

英语阅读相关文章：

★ 英语阅读