雅思阅读提高途径之根本性和针对性提高的解说

雅思阅读提高途径之根本性和针对性提高的解说一文告诉了我们怎样整体性地提高雅思阅读，以及这个方法所需要的分类技能。

雅思阅读提高途径之根本性和针对性提高的解说

雅思阅读提高途径之根本性和针对性提高的解说为你带来提高雅思阅读的整体性方法和各个突破点的练习方法。雅思阅读是雅思4个科目中题型较为多样，考试文章范围广泛，且题目数量众多的一个科目。对于阅读这个科目，我们应该怎样进行整体的提高呢。下文给出了根本上提高雅思阅读的方法和这个根本上提高雅思阅读方法所需要的个各种分类技能的解说。

提高阅读成绩的途径

①从根本上提高

考生想要得到理想的分数，特别是6.5分以上的分数，除了必须掌握一定的阅读和做题技巧之外，还要有扎实的基本功。这就是需要考生平时多看、多读、多听、多说、多写，总之是多接触英文(much exposure to English)。考生每天应分配一定的时间，如半小时以上读一些生活类英文，持之以恒，争取在速度和理解精确度上有所提高。

②针对性突破

对于在短期内要考IELTS的同学，应把握“做题、听讲、总结”这三个环节。做题，即平时严格要求自己在规定的60分钟时间里做完一套阅读题，在仿真环境下熟悉做题的流程和思路。听讲，即上课听老师介绍阅读技巧和方法以及一些文章和难句的讲解。

(1) 单词

IELTS普通培训类阅读文章中涉及词汇7000左右，但具备4000左右(即大学英语四级水平)即可应考。单词量不够的考生，应在短期内迅速扩充认知词汇，为看文章做题打下一个良好的基础。

有些考生脱离语境孤立地背单词，这样容易遗忘或混淆单词的意义。如有考生考试时遇到contribution(设计;设法做到)想不起来什么意思，只记得在词汇表里该单词位于contribution(贡献)之后、controversial(有争议的)之前。要解决这个问题，考生可以通过制作单词卡片，正面写英文拼写，背面写中文释义的方法来记忆。每天背一定量的生词，并不断补充，而且还可以打乱次序。当然，最有效的是在上下文，即文章当中记忆单词。

(2) 句子

IELTS阅读中有的题目考的是对于文章中某一句子的理解，若考生领会有偏差，就容易失分。

(3) 速度

几乎任何阅读考试均同时考查阅读速度(speed)与理解精确度(accuracy)。IELTS普通培训类阅读考试要求考生在60分钟的时间里迅速而准确地答题。为赶时间而一味求快或为追求准确而放弃一些题的做法都是不可取的。总的来说，阅读速度的改善不容易一蹴而就，需要大量的练习和长时间的努力。不过，掌握一些阅读技巧，革除一些坏习惯，将有助于看文章时加快速度。

快速阅读最关键的是在扫描文章的时候把握段落的主旨，并做出标记，并且在看完文章后　　对文章的结构有大致的了解。至于阅读的坏习惯，约有以下几种：

① 边看边读

有的同学由于以前学英语课文的时候有朗读的习惯，碰到英语文章，总是情不自禁地读出声来，或是口里念念有词。这样做的后果，必然是阅读速度降低。解决问题的关键是，一定要树立“看”文章而不是“读”文章的心态。

② 一次只看一个单词

有的同学是逐词逐词地看，一眼只看一个单词。这样做。不仅速度慢， 而且可能会出现这样一种情形：每个单词都认识，但整句话就是理解不了。克服上述逐词阅读坏习惯的方法是争取眼睛在文章中移动的速度逐步加快，一次看一个意群(sense unit)，而不是只看一个单词。意群的划分如例所示：It is possible to use this iron in a vertical position so that you can remove creases

from clothes on coat hangers or from curtains.

③遇生词则停顿

习惯于在做题的时候先把所有生词查出来的考生，在实战时容易出现碰到生词就停下来思索很长时间以致于打断阅读连贯性的情况。考生应该平时养成根据上下文猜测单词含义的习惯，而对于那些不影响理解的生词，则可以忽略不计。

(4)不根据文章内容而是按自己的臆测做题

IELTS阅读考查的是考生对于所考文章理解，而不是考生的知识面或是对于某个问题的见解。切忌不依照文章内容判断而凭生活常识或个人感觉来答题，在做TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN题的时候尤其要注意这一点。

总结，即把老师介绍的方法运用于实践中并加以归纳，看看效果如何，想想有些题为何做错，分析其中原因，并提醒自己在遇到同类问题的时候避免犯类似错误。1.IELTS阅读四大障碍及相应对策

以上就是雅思阅读提高途径之根本性和针对性提高的解说的全部内容，我们可以看出，从分论点上要想整体提高雅思也读，要从单词、句子、速度、阅读技巧这4个方面进行单项的训练和提高。且在根本性提高雅思阅读的方法中，有提到需要将英文阅读放进日常的英语学习当中，增加用英语进行思考的习惯。

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.

2. If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.

3. Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques.

4. One of the country's leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. "In principle, you've got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy," he said.

5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body's local immune system. "If a cancer doesn't do that, the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer's Achilles' heel."

6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. "They replicate, you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process," said Prof Seymour.

7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. "It's an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything we've had before."

8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.

9. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.

10. "What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it - it's a stealth virus when you inject it," he said.

11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.

12. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. "There's an awful statistic of patients in the west ... with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases," said Prof Seymour.

13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.

14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.

Questions 1-6　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

1.Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.

2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour’s work on the virus therapy.

3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.

4.Cancer’s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.

5.To infect the cancer cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.

6.Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.

Question 7-9　　Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer.

7.Information about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found

(A) on TV

(B) in magazines

(C) on internet

(D) in newspapers

8.To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try to

(A) change the body’ immune system

(B) inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.

(C) increase the amount of injection

(D) disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.

9.When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copies

(A) will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.

(B) will be wiped out by the body’s immune system.

(C) will be immediately recognized by the researchers.

(D) will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.

Questions 10-13　　Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.

NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.

In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the ……11…….These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be ……13……to the treatment of certain cancers

Questions 10-13　　Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.

NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.

In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the ……11…….These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be ……13……to the treatment of certain cancers

List of Words

dosage responding smallpox virus

disable natural ones inject

directed treatment cold-like illness

kill patients examined

Answers Keys:

1.答案：FALSE (见第2段：If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects. Virus therapy 只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。)

2.答案：TRUE (见第3段，特别是最后一句： Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques. )

3. 答案：NOT GIVEN (文中没有提到virus可以抑制肿瘤细胞再生长)

4. 答案：TRUE (见第5段第3、4句： 这里“cancer’s Achilles' heel”指 “If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating.” Achilles' heel的意思是“唯一致命弱点”)

5. 答案：FALSE (见第6段第第1句：Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer.)

6. 答案：TRUE (见第7段：Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drug. ……, which could be quite different to anything we've had before." )

7. 答案：B (见第8段第1、2句：Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. Journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”)

8. 答案：D (见第9段第1句：Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, …… “mask”的意思是“掩盖、隐蔽、伪装”， 在这里和 “disguise”同义。)

9. 答案：B (见第11段第2句： If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.. “mop up”这里与 “wipe out” 同义，意思是“消灭、歼灭”。)

10.答案：disable (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )

11. 答案：natural ones (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )

12. 答案：dosage (见第14段第1句：The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed.)

13. 答案：directed (见第14段最后1句：Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, …)