雅思阅读课外训练材料应怎么读

雅思阅读训练材料除了一些针对雅思考试的阅读题外，还有一些课外的练习资料，比如英文原著。读原著对于雅思阅读能力提升是有很大的帮助的，但是一定要能坚持下去。

雅思阅读课外训练材料 英文原著应该怎么读?

英文原著对雅思阅读提升有帮助吗?一些浅尝辄止的同学可能觉得原著对于阅读能力提升的帮助不大，但若是一些度过三五十本英文原著的同学一定会大力倡导读原著提升阅读能力的方法。所以，显而易见，英文原著是非常不错的雅思阅读训练材料，只是一些同学并没有做深入了解。

雅思阅读课外训练材料之 英文原著概览

雅思课外训练材料有很多，比如英文的报刊，英文原版的杂志，以及一些英文类的其他读物。为什么要给大家推荐英文原著呢?一方面是英文原著含有丰富的文化背景知识，可以让大家透过书籍了解西方文化，另一方面是因为英文原著一般会有很强的故事性，相对于报刊杂志之类的读物更有趣味性，也更容易坚持下去。英文原著的种类有很多，大家可以找自己感兴趣的类型去读，比如喜欢侦探类的，可以去看福尔摩斯，喜欢爱情类的，可以去看《简爱》，《傲慢与偏见》等等，读完原著以后不仅能学到新词汇，学到地道表达，还能了解西方的风土人情，社会习俗等等。

雅思阅读课外训练材料之 原著怎么读

既然原著好处这么多，为什么很多同学坚持不下去呢?其实这主要与大家读原著的方式有关系，有的同学在一开始就选择了很难懂的原著，结果没几天就放弃了，有的同学在读的时候遇到一个生词就查一次词典，结果读的很累也就放弃了……那么，究竟如何才能坚持读下去呢?

1. 一知半解也要通读

英文原著刚入手开始读的时候可能会觉得一知半解，没有关系，一定要坚持读下去，读的多了以后理解力自然就上去了。万事开头难，迈出第一步很重要，读原著最难的是完成第一本读物，当你读完了第一本，以后再读起来就会轻松很多，速度也会变快。刚开始的时候要保证阅读的速度，遇到生词不要急着去查，标注一下即可，如果实在影响阅读再去查阅，建议读完一整章内容统一查生词。

2. 精彩篇幅细细研读

如果原著中有一些吸引你的精彩段落可以标注出来仔细研读，弄通弄透，甚至可以背记下来。原著的篇幅一般都很长，我们无法精读每一章每一页，但是不做精读对阅读能力提升帮助有限，所以可以挑出一些内容专门做精读练习。

3. 词汇和表达如何学习

读原著的过程中，大家会分章节查阅生词，对于常用词，比如动词形容词等等要积累下来，一些地点类的专有名词不必做特殊背记，只要做到认识即可。上文中提到的精读材料，要学习其中的一些地道表达。词汇和表达是读原著时的附带工作，不要占用太多时间，在确保阅读进度的前提下适当做一些即可。

以上是关于雅思阅读课外训练材料的内容，主要为大家介绍了英文原著作为课外阅读训练材料的用法，如果大家想要提升阅读能力，可以参照文中方法多读英文原著。

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

Doomed drug highlights complications of meddling with cholesterol.

1.The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of 'good' cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.

2.Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib, a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). In a trial of 15000 patients, a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.

3.The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. "There have been no red flags to my knowledge," says John Chapman, a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. "This cancellation came as a complete shock."

4.Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs, which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically, torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density, plaque-promoting ones. Statins, in contrast, mainly work by lowering the 'bad' low-density lipoproteins.

Under pressure

5.Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired, something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation, it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.

6.But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed, says Moti Kashyap, who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach, California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver, they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibiting CETP, which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL, might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. "You're blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway," says Kashyap.

Going up

7.Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug, called niacin, is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by, for example, introducing synthetic HDLs. "The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib, not the whole idea of raising HDL," says Michael Miller, director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

From The Economist print edition

How shops can exploit people’s herd mentality to increase sales

1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is， how ants， bees or any social animal， including humans， behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.

2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes， also of the Florida Institute of Technology， set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that， if a certain product is seen to be popular， shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.

3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani’s supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag， a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information， and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.

4. Mr Usmani’s “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is， the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work， and testing will get under way in the spring.

5. Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could， indeed， be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14，000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded， they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank， but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed， the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.

6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category， and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem， a company in Cambridge， Massachusetts， also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.

7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm.

Questions 1-6

Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

1. Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.

2. In shops， products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.

3. According to Mr. Usmani， with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon， a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.

4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store， shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.

5. If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high， other customers tend to follow them.

6. Using the “swarm-moves” model， shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.

Questions 7-12

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 write

YES if the statement agrees with the information

NO if the statement contraicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.

8. People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.

9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.

10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.

11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.

12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.

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