雅思阅读判断题型解题方法

雅思阅读板块题型多样，其中判断题是必考题型，本文以剑桥雅思阅读真题为例，和大家解析雅思阅读中判断题型的解题方法。

剑桥雅思阅读真题解析 判断题型解题方法

一、判断题题干有表示比较关系的词，考生需注意题目重点考察比较关系。

常见的比较关系词：

比较级：more/ less /adj-er than…

同级比较：as…as…/the same as…/equal/ like

试题中若出现以上比较关系词，需标记题中的比较对象(A 、B)，并明确比较逻辑(如A比B更聪明)，即可快速完成审题。如：

39. It is easier to find meaning in the field of science than in the field of art.

– Test 2, Cambridge IELTS 11

审题步骤：

1.确定比较对象：A – field of science (科学领域)、B – field of art (艺术领域)

2.确定比较逻辑：科学的含义比艺术的含义更容易被人们理解(easier to find meaning)。

除了上述较明显的比较关系词外，出题人还会使用较隐晦的表达阐述比较关系，用以干扰考生的判断。因此，在审题时还需注意下列具有隐含比较关系的表达：

prefer to…

compare to/compare with/contrast

similar to…/similarly

superior to/inferior to

unusual

同样，考生在判定题干存在比较关系后，需标记题中的比较对象并明确比较逻辑。如：

35. Teachers say they prefer suggestopedia to traditional approaches to language teaching.

– Test 1, Cambridge 7

1.确定比较对象：A – suggestopedia(暗示教学)、B – traditional approaches(传统教学方法)

2.确定比较逻辑：暗示教学比传统教学方法更受老师喜欢(teachers say they prefer)。

二、借助以下2种解题思路辅助解题：

1.题干中A、B存在比较关系但原文A、B不存在比较关系时，答案应为未提及——NOT GIVEN。

先看个简单的例子：

题干：喜茶比星爸爸贵得多。

原文：我的意中人是个盖世英雄，有一天他会踏着七彩祥云，排好几个小时的队，左手拿着喜茶，右手拿着星爸爸，送过来给我喝。

分析：题干对“喜茶”和“星爸爸”的价格进行比较，得出“喜茶”更贵的结论。而原文中虽有出现两家网红饮品店的名字，但并比较两家店的产品价格，也没有提及与钱相关的信息，由此可判断该题答案为NOT GIVEN。

再看剑桥真题：

39. It is easier to find meaning in the field of science than in the field of art.

“abstract art offers both a challenge and the freedom to play with different interpretations. In some ways, it’s not so different to science, where we are constantly looking for systems and decoding meaning so that we can view and appreciate the world in a new way.”

– Test 2，Cambridge IELTS 11

分析：

如前文提到，该题题干的比较关系是：科学的含义比艺术的含义更容易被人们理解。原文也的确提到了艺术(abstract art)和科学领域(science)，但未就两个领域破译(decoding)的难易程度进行比较，所以本题答案为NOT GIVEN。

2.题干A、B存在比较关系且原文A、B也存在比较关系时，即可排除NOT GIVEN。这时，可通过对比两者的比较方式以确定答案应为TRUE/YES还是FALSE/NO：

1)如题干和原文使用相同的比较逻辑，则可判定题目答案为TRUE/YES。如：

40. In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional classes.

“Some hours after the two-part session, there is a follow-up class at which the students are stimulated to recall the material presented. Once again the approach is indirect. The students do not focus their attention on trying to remember the vocabulary, but focus on using the language to communicate (e.g. through games or improvised dramatisations). Such methods are not unusual in language teaching. “

– Test 1, Cambridge IELTS 7

分析：

通过题干中similar to(隐含比较关系)可判定本题为比较关系—— follow-up classes(跟进课堂)和conventional classes(传统课堂)两者的教学活动相似。很多同学会由于原文没有明显对比词就两者的教学活动进行比较而误判为NOT GIVEN。但原文第3句介绍了跟进课堂为“not focus their attention on trying to remember the vocabulary, but focus on using the language to communicate(不死记单词，用语言来交流)”;且第4句提到这些方法“not unusual(不罕见)”，即这些方法十分常见。由此可推断跟进课堂使用了与传统语言教学相似(similar)的教学方法，比较逻辑一致，可判定答案为 TRUE。

2)若题干和原文的比较逻辑相反或相斥，则可判定答案为FALSE/NO。如：

40. A manager’s approval of an idea is more persuasive than that of a colleague.

“If your project is being resisted, for example, by a group of veteran employees, ask another old-timer to speak up for it. Cialdini is not alone in advocating this strategy. Research shows that peer power, used horizontally not vertically, is much more powerful than any boss’s speech.”

– Test 1, Cambridge IELTS 10

分析：

题干就比较对象manager(管理人员)以及colleague(同事)进行比较：管理人员对项目的认可比同事的more persuasive(更有说服力)。原文第1句“如果项目被资深员工否决，那就争取另一个资历更老的人的支持”，以此说明来自员工支持的重要性。下一句提到“peer power(同事的力量)”比“any boss’s speech(任何一个老板的话)”都更加有力，即同事提出的意见比老板更有说服力，与题干的比较逻辑相反，由此可判定答案为NO.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题

new weapon to fight cancer

1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.

2. If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.

3. Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques.

4. One of the country's leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. "In principle, you've got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy," he said.

5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body's local immune system. "If a cancer doesn't do that, the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer's Achilles' heel."

6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. "They replicate, you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process," said Prof Seymour.

7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. "It's an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything we've had before."

8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.

9. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.

10. "What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it - it's a stealth virus when you inject it," he said.

11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.

12. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. "There's an awful statistic of patients in the west ... with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases," said Prof Seymour.

13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.

14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.

Questions 1-6　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

1.Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.

2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour’s work on the virus therapy.

3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.

4.Cancer’s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.

5.To infect the cancer cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.

6.Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.

Question 7-9　　Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer.

7.Information about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found

(A) on TV

(B) in magazines

(C) on internet

(D) in newspapers

8.To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try to

(A) change the body’ immune system

(B) inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.

(C) increase the amount of injection

(D) disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.

9.When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copies

(A) will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.

(B) will be wiped out by the body’s immune system.

(C) will be immediately recognized by the researchers.

(D) will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题

Questions 10-13　　Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.

NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.

In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the ……11…….These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be ……13……to the treatment of certain cancers

List of Words

dosage responding smallpox virus

disable natural ones inject

directed treatment cold-like illness

kill patients examined

Answers Keys:

1.答案：FALSE (见第2段：If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects. Virus therapy 只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。)

2.答案：TRUE (见第3段，特别是最后一句： Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques. )

3. 答案：NOT GIVEN (文中没有提到virus可以抑制肿瘤细胞再生长)

4. 答案：TRUE (见第5段第3、4句： 这里“cancer’s Achilles' heel”指 “If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating.” Achilles' heel的意思是“唯一致命弱点”)

5. 答案：FALSE (见第6段第第1句：Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer.)

6. 答案：TRUE (见第7段：Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drug. ……, which could be quite different to anything we've had before." )

7. 答案：B (见第8段第1、2句：Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. Journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”)

8. 答案：D (见第9段第1句：Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, …… “mask”的意思是“掩盖、隐蔽、伪装”， 在这里和 “disguise”同义。)

9. 答案：B (见第11段第2句： If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.. “mop up”这里与 “wipe out” 同义，意思是“消灭、歼灭”。)

10.答案：disable (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )

11. 答案：natural ones (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )

12. 答案：dosage (见第14段第1句：The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed.)

13. 答案：directed (见第14段最后1句：Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, …)