2020托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解

托福独立写作对于文章的结构有很明确的要求，well-organized之下其实有很多细节需要大家注意。有些同学在写作备考中过于依赖模板，下面小编就和大家分享托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解，希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧!

托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解

ETS官方如何定义托福独立写作文章结构?

在托福官方指南OG中有一部分关于organization的说明，通过几个问句提醒同学们一篇完整的文章应该要包含几个部分：开头段，主体段和结尾段，并且要分段，结构要清晰。

同学们往往对于每部分要写什么毋庸置疑，但在准备的过程中，往往重视形式大过内容。原则上，在不影响主体段发挥的前提下，开头和结尾的方法以及长度随意(OG中介绍了6种开头方法以及5种结尾方法)，保证关键的信息给出即可;但从大部分同学的实际考试情况来看，开头和结尾总倾向于事先准备好的模板句型;相反，最重要的主体段没有留足够的时间和精力。结果往往捡了芝麻丢了西瓜。所以除非能够灵活运用OG介绍的方法，否则建议同学简化开头和结尾。

OG实例提示考生简化开头结尾段

我们看一下OG书上的一个开头段例子：

The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new holiday for people, cannot be underestimated, as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general cannot be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application.

这个开头段的前两句都在强调话题(create a new holiday)的重要性，属于赘述(redundancy)，第三句并没有很直接给出立场，不符合评分标准中的“有效回答问题”。为了获得一个高分，我们需要避免赘述(redundancy)和偏题(digression)。

其次OG中有个2分的文章，截取每段的第一句话：

In the following, I will illustrate my opinion by two reasons.

First of all, honest make the trust stronger between friends or colleagues.

Secondly, telling a lie always makes things worse not only in work but also in family life.

On the contrary, sometimes it is better to tell a lie to others, such as telling a lie to a patient.

作者想给出2个理由，从正反论证说实话在人际关系中的重要性。而第三段的on the contrary， 看似是对比论证，然而并非是描述”撒谎的弊端“，所以结构上会引起困惑。

托福独立写作结构训练建议分享

关于结构清晰，一方面建议大家不要大片背诵模板句式然后进行堆砌。今年的两场考试中，已经有明确要求Do not use memorized examples.如果不能将模板句式巧妙结合所写文章熟练混迹在自己的语言表达之下，那么建议踏踏实实审题。另一方面，平时可以结合历年真题，多训练开门见山的思维方式，然后根据不同的话题补充相应的词汇短语等语料表达，不至于无话可说。

托福写作解析:Children and sports

托福写作题目：

Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

参考分析：

优点：对身体健康有好处;有助于培养与人和睦相处的能力;缺点：耽误学习，instant pleasure costs long-term benefits.

花很长时间搞体育的优点

(1)身体健康

(2)促进团队精神

(3)交很多朋友

花很长时间搞体育的缺点：耽误学习

参考范文：

Children and sports

Currently some young children spend a great amount of their time in practicing sports. Most parents feel quite happy because sports are good for their kids' development and team work spirit,however they are quite worried about some negative effects such as practicing sports occupies too much time, distracts their attentions on school work and loses certain interests on other activities. In my opinion, everything has its good side and bad side. The important thing is to handle it properly.

Admittedly, practicing sports can help children's physical development, which makes them grow faster and stronger than before. As we know, during children's development periods, especially from 10 to 16 years old, sports are really helpful for children to develop. Sports can create a strong body that reduces the possibility of contracting some diseases easily. Definitely we believe that children benefit from sports.

Another good thing is that sports teach us to learn how to corporate with other members in a team. Most sports are team work. If we want to play them well, we must master some skills to care about what our team members are thinking and how to adapt each other to achieve a common goal. Sports are not an individual activity, it needs corporation and mutual understanding. This is not easy to master. Of course, for parents they are delightful to see their children to get this skill from sports.

托福写作模板：不同话题经典模板句式

1 We may cite a common example of

2 A general /recent survey /investigation conducted by officials/ scientists indicates /reveals/ suggests that

比较

1 Although the commonly-accepted belief/ idea is that X.X.X, a current/ recent study/ survey indicates that

2 It is true that X.X.X, but it does not mean that

原因

1 The reasons/ causes for X.X.X are varied/ complicated and perhaps (probably) that they lie in the fact

2 Another contributing factor/ cause of X.X.X is that

开头

1 There is a general/ public debate/ discussion nowadays on/ over the X.X.X. Those who criticize/ object to X.X.X argue that

2 They believe that X.X.X, however, people who advocate/ favor X.X.X argue that

结果

1 As it turns out / Indisputably/Accordingly

2 Considering all the factors above, we may safely draw the conclusion that

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★ 2019中考写作指导:文章结构精巧