托福听力从小白到大神之做笔记要明确这3个要求

托福听力从小白到大神, 做笔记要明确这3个要求。今天小编给大家带来托福听力从小白到大神 ，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力从小白到大神 做笔记要明确这3个要求

记录信息不求全面只求核心

托福听力做题时做笔记应该是大家都需要做的一件事，而围绕如何做笔记其实也有很多讲究。这其中有一点十分重要，那就是大家对于记笔记的根本认识。小编接触过许多同学，刚开始学习做笔记技巧，都会下意识地在每次听力过程中，都尽可能把笔记记得完整详细，有时候甚至要和原文一致，听到什么都恨不得一字不漏的写下来。但这么做的结果却往往是写了半天，发现听到的内容都不清楚，最后这笔记对于解题完全派不上用处，相当于全都白写了。

正确的做好听力笔记，大家需要从根本上明确目标，清楚自己到底应该记什么。具体来讲，托福听力记笔记不求多，只求精。大家要记的核心是答题点，要学会抓关键词：主题、观点、细节、原因、例子、专用名词、概念、人名、事件、时、地、数、形容词、连接词。这些才是考生真正需要记录好的信息。

主动培养良好的笔记习惯

除了不清楚到底该记录哪些信息外，考生做听力笔记需要注意的另一点则是对笔记不能盲目信赖。很多同学其实在经过一段时间训练后已经有了边听边记的习惯，但这种习惯同时也会给人带来一定的依赖心理，比如大家会认为笔记只要能记下来，就一定能帮助听力记忆，一定能发挥作用。小编要告诉抱有这种想法的同学，只有好的笔记才有用。

做笔记的总体原则在于要按照顺序来记录，也就是要按照各部分材料出现的顺序来记录，比如阅读、听力材料的内容出现顺序记关键信息。而好的笔记不能只记录了信息，笔记不仅要包含易于考生寻找的细节信息，也需要体现听到内容之间的逻辑关系。只有把整体叙述内容的脉络结构记录准确，大家才能更好地应对那些以素材逻辑关系为出题点的难题。

建立自己的速记符号体系

托福听力部分的时间很紧张，说是争分夺秒也绝不为过。而无论大家手速有多快，记笔记的速度基本上是没有说话速度快的，所以记录笔记也要能简则简，不用在意单词拼写和书法美观，记录的形式也可以多样化一些，大家用中文、拼音甚至图形等代表单词都是完全可行的。

说到这里小编又怕有同学走极端，为了追求速度写得过于潦草，甚至连几分钟前自己写的都认不出来;或者长篇文字用了大量符号，回看的时候却想不起代表什么意思。笔记最终还是应该服务于考试，需要发挥它应有的价值。以下是几种比较有效的听力做笔记简记方法，可供参考：

1. 缩写法

例如as soon as possible写成ASAP;business写成biz等等(人名地名常用)Q.=question，ltd.=limited,+=and/plus , ?=question ，/=or

2. 片段法

例如student写成stu;prepare写成prep等等。

3. 去除元音法

例如market写成mkt;respond写成rspd等等。

4. 符号法

例如↑代表increase;→代表lead to;+3代表最高级;×代表disagree等等。需要注意的是，用符号法时要熟悉自己每个符号的含义。

经过上文的讲解，大家是不是对听力笔记的认识又更进一步了呢不过从了解方法到完全掌握，各位同学还需要自身反复练习与实践，踏踏实实打好基础，在提高实力的同时巩固方法，从方法练习中提升实力，长期坚持下去，相信下一个听力大神就是你!

2020托福听力练习：晚年开始健康饮食习惯

Let's say your diet has been not so great.

Maybe too much red meat, especially processed meat.

Maybe too many sugary soft drinks.

And maybe you've been eating like that for decades.

So what's the point of trying to make some healthful changes now, after the damage has presumably been done?

“It is impressive that changes even very late in life,such as even being older and having a heart attack, a dietary change can within a matter of a few months drop our risk greatly of a recurrent heart attack or death.”

Walter Willett. He chairs the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health.

He spoke at a January 15th forum on Cancer and Diet that wound up touching on diet and health in general.

“So it's never too late to make important changes.

For diabetes also, if we change our diet almost immediately our risk of diabetes goes down.

But that's not to say you just should just wait till you're old to start living a healthy life.

We're seeing in some studies now that what women ate as adolescents, especially if they ate a lot more red meat, that affected breast cancer risk later in their life.

So it's definitely important if you want the healthiest overall life is to start a healthy lifestyle early.

But if you've sort of ignored things it's never too late to still get some benefit.”

The entire hour-long forum featuring Willett and other researchers discussing diet and health is archived on line.

Just google “Harvard public health forum”.

Let's say your diet has been not so great. 我们假设你的饮食习惯不是特别好的状况。

Maybe too much red meat, especially processed meat. 也许摄取太多的红肉，尤其是那些加工过的肉类。

Maybe too many sugary soft drinks. 也许还有很多含糖软饮料。

And maybe you've been eating like that for decades. 可能几十年来你一直都是这样的饮食习惯。

So what's the point of trying to make some healthful changes now, after the damage has presumably been done? 因此既然无形中已经养成这样的坏习惯对身体造成伤害，那现在尝试健康饮食的改变意义在哪里呢?

It is impressive that changes even very late in life, such as even being older and having a heart attack, 这样的改变在进入晚年后会产生重大的影响，比如随着岁月流逝身体负担越来越重并且有心脏病困扰，

a dietary change can within a matter of a few months drop our risk greatly of a recurrent heart attack or death. 改善饮食可以在数个月内大大降低心脏病复发或死亡的风险。

Walter Willett. He chairs the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. 哈佛大学公共卫生学院营养系主任沃尔特·维莱特说道。

He spoke at a January 15th forum on Cancer and Diet that wound up touching on diet and health in general. 在1月15日关注饮食与健康的癌症与饮食 论坛上他这样说道。

So it's never too late to make important changes.For diabetes also, if we change our diet almost immediately our risk of diabetes goes down. 因此亡羊补牢永远不晚。对于糖尿病而言也是如此，如果改变自己的饮食习惯，我们罹患糖尿病的风险会即刻降低。

But that's not to say you just should just wait till you're old to start living a healthy life. 但这并不表明你要等待老年后才要开始健康生活。

We're seeing in some studies now that what women ate as adolescents, especially if they ate a lot more red meat, that affected breast cancer risk later in their life. 通过一些研究，我们了解到一些女性在年轻时食用大量红肉，到了晚年就会增加患乳腺癌的风险。

So it's definitely important if you want the healthiest overall life is to start a healthy lifestyle early. 因此如果你想要健康，尽早开始健康的生活方式是绝对重要的。

But if you've sort of ignored things it's never too late to still get some benefit. 但如果你经常忽视，现在开始也不晚!

The entire hour-long forum featuring Willett and other researchers discussing diet and health is archived on line. 如想浏览维莱特和其他研究人员就饮食与健康方面的完整讨论内容，

Just google Harvard public health forum. 请在搜索引擎当中搜索关键字哈佛公共健康论坛即可。

2020托福听力练习：奥巴马谈枪支暴力问题

“After Connecticut passed a law requiring background checks and gun safety course, gun deaths decreased by 40 percent.

Forty percent.”

President Obama today.

In his announcement that he was taking executive action to require more gun sellers to be licensed and to do background checks on gun buyers, he also touched upon the problems facing public health researchers who try to study gun violence and deaths.

“Meanwhile, since Missouri repealed a law requiring comprehensive background checks and purchase permits, gun deaths have increased to an almost 50 percent higher than the national average.

One study found unsurprisingly that criminals in Missouri now have easier access to guns.

“And the evidence tells us that in states that require background checks law-abiding Americans don't find it any harder to purchase guns whatsoever.

Their guns have not been confiscated, their rights have not been infringed.

“And that's just the information we have access to.

With more research we could further improve gun safety, just as with more research we've reduced traffic fatalities enormously over the last 30 years.

“We do research when cars, food, medicine, even toys, harm people so that we make them safer.

And you know what, research, science, those are good things, they work. They do.

“But think about this.

When it comes to an inherently deadly weapon—nobody argues that guns are potentially deadly weapons that kill tens of thousands of Americans every year,

Congress actually voted to make it harder for public health experts to conduct research into gun violence, made it harder to collect data and facts, and develop strategies to reduce gun violence.”

After Connecticut passed a law requiring background checks and gun safety course, gun deaths decreased by 40 percent. 在康涅狄格州通过法律要求审查枪支背景及进行枪支安全课程后，死亡人数下降了40%。

Forty percent. 下降40%。

President Obama today. 这是美国总统奥巴马在今日中所提到的。

In his announcement that he was taking executive action to require more gun sellers to be licensed and to do background checks on gun buyers, 在这次演讲中，奥巴马总统表示要采取行政措施要求枪支销售人员获得销售许可，同时对购买者进行背景审查，

he also touched upon the problems facing public health researchers who try to study gun violence and deaths. 总统还谈到研究枪支暴力及相关死亡事件的公共卫生研究人员所面临的困境。

Meanwhile, since Missouri repealed a law requiring comprehensive background checks and purchase permits, gun deaths have increased to an almost 50 percent higher than the national average. 然而，自从密苏里实施全面背景调查及要求购买许可的法律后，这个州的死亡人数同全国平均水平相比高出近50%。

One study found unsurprisingly that criminals in Missouri now have easier access to guns. 一项研究显示密苏里州的犯罪分子能够轻易获得枪支。

And the evidence tells us that in states that require background checks law-abiding Americans don't find it any harder to purchase guns whatsoever. 而且有证据显示尽管有些州要求对枪支购买者进行背景调查，但守法的美国公民并不认为购买枪支是一件难事。

Their guns have not been confiscated, their rights have not been infringed. 因为他们的枪支没有被没收，权利也没有受到侵害。

And that's just the information we have access to. 这就是我们所掌握到的信息。

With more research we could further improve gun safety, just as with more research we've reduced traffic fatalities enormously over the last 30 years. 随着越来越多的相关研究，我们能够提高枪支的安全性，就像过去30年进行大量交通事故调查后将其减少一样。

We do research when cars, food, medicine, even toys, harm people so that we make them safer. 我们对汽车、食品、药物、甚至玩具进行调查研究，降低它们的伤害，增加安全性。

And you know what, research, science, those are good things, they work. They do. 而且你知道，研究、科学，这些有效的方法会起到作用。

But think about this. 但考虑下这个问题。

When it comes to an inherently deadly weapon—nobody argues that guns are potentially deadly weapons that kill tens of thousands of Americans every year, 但涉及到致命性武器时—没有人认为枪支是每年造成成千上万美国人死亡的潜在致命性武器。

Congress actually voted to make it harder for public health experts to conduct research into gun violence, made it harder to collect data and facts, and develop strategies to reduce gun violence. 实际上国会对此进行的投票增加了公共安全专家对枪支暴力事件调查研究的难度，使得收集数据及事实难上加难，而且制定降低枪支暴力政策的难度也大为增加。