托福听力选项中这3种常见错误你知道吗

托福听力中想要减少犯错提升成绩，考生就需要对可能出错的点有所了解。今天小编给大家带来了托福听力选项中这3种常见错误，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

【提分必备】托福听力选项中这3种常见错误你知道吗?

托福听力错误选项分析：无中生有(not mentioned)

这种选项就是提到了文章当中压根没有提到的内容，也是错误当中最低级的一种。很多人可能会觉得这种错误只在基础较差的同学中出现。其实则不然，在我的学生中有一部分基础比较好的也经常会犯这样的一些错误。怀疑自己，感觉某个选项看似高大上，结果就被这“高富帅”的外表迷惑住了，误以为是自己漏听，选择了他。

最后看到正确答案往往会仰天长啸;“妈呀，我明明可以选对的!”我经常有些学生，在给我复述文章的时候可以说得丝毫不差，可看到题目的时候很多都选不对。相反有些学生则是复述得比较糟糕，但是选择得很好。我的建议是：“一般基础还不错的同学，你的耳朵是绝对不会欺骗你的!如果你觉得这个选项没听到，那就是真的没听到!去选自己起码听到过的选项吧!”

托福听力错误选项分析：答非所问(not related)

这种选项就是虽然出现了文章当中相关的内容，但却不是这个问题的答案。因此，这就显示出分段的重要性了。托福听力是不可逆的，常常有学生在第二题时选择了第三题的内容，结果看到自己选择的答案出现在第三题的题干中后悔不已。因此，对文章逻辑思维的整理和分段显得至关重要。

托福听力错误选项分析：偷梁换柱(not correct)

这种错误是最常见也是最难辨别的。也就是在选项中出现了原词，也确实是这一个题目对应的段落中，可选项中有一个小点的改变导致整个语义错误，比如加了一个否定词;或者前半句的结果正确，后半句的原因胡扯。因此，这就要求学生不仅要听准确，还要把选项看准确了。经常有学生选项只看一半，甚至只看了A选项就迫不及待地选了，结果自然是自讨苦吃。

了解上面这些托福听力题目选项中的错误陷阱后，小编相信大家想要提升听力正确率就会更为轻松了吧。

托福写作语料库积累：Uber停止测试自动驾驶(一)

托福写作语料库

Uber said it is suspending(暂停/叫停) self-driving car tests(无人驾驶测试) in all North American cities after a fatal accident(致命事故).

A 49-year-old woman was hit by a car and killed as she crossed the street in Tempe, Arizona.

While self-driving cars have been involved in multiple(各种) accidents, it is thought to be the first time an autonomous car has been involved in a fatal collision(碰撞).

Uber said that its "hearts go out to the victim's family".

"We're fully cooperating with @TempePolice and local authorities as they investigate(调查) this incident", the company said in a statement on Twitter.

Our hearts go out to the victim’s family. We’re fully cooperating with @TempePolice and local authorities as they investigate this incident.

— Uber Comms (@Uber_Comms) March 19, 2018

Police said the accident happened Sunday night while the car was in autonomous mode(处于自动驾驶模式). A human monitor was also behind the wheel(坐在驾驶室/掌控方向盘).

Police said the woman, Elaine Herzberg, had not been using a pedestrian crossing(行人斑马线). Herzberg was taken to a local hospital where she died.

The US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the National Transportation Safety Board said they were sending teams to Tempe.

'Wake up call'警钟

Companies including Ford, General Motors, Tesla and Waymo(谷歌投资的自动驾驶公司) are investing heavily in(在......方面投入重金) research to develop self-driving cars, which are often characterised as(被塑造成) the future of the industry and hailed(称赞) as a way to reduce traffic accidents.

Many states across America have welcomed the tests in the hope of keeping themselves at the forefront of new technology(站在新技术的前沿).

However, there have been warnings that the technology is being deployed before it is ready.

Anthony FoX.X, who served as US Secretary of Transportation under former President Barack Obama, called the accident a "wake up call to the entire [autonomous vehicle] industry and government to put a high priority on(优先对待/把......放在首位) safety."

托福写作语料库积累：Uber停止测试自动驾驶(二)

托福写作语料库

More than a dozen states in the US allow autonomous vehicles on the roads to some degree. Officials typically require a person to be on hand either in the car or remotely(远程) in case(以防万一) something goes wrong, according to the Center for Automotive Research.

The US is working on national safety guidelines(指导意见) for such vehicles.

Consumer Watchdog, a lobby group(游说团体) that has warned of the risks of autonomous cars, on Monday called for a moratorium(暂停) of such vehicles on public roads, describing the accident as a "tragedy(悲剧) we have been fighting years to prevent".

"We hope our calls for real regulation(管理/规范) of driverless cars will be taken seriously going forward by Silicon Valley(硅谷) and the Trump Administration(特朗普政府)," the group wrote on Twitter.

Uber started testing driverless cars in Pittsburgh in 2016. The ride-hailing firm(打车公司) has also been testing driverless cars in San Francisco, Pittsburgh, Toronto and the Phoenix area, which includes Tempe.

The death comes a year after Uber took its self-driving cars off the road following an accident that left a Volvo SUV on its side in Arizona. The programme was later reinstated(恢复).

Carla Bailo, president and chief executive of the Center for Automotive Research, said more information about how the crash occurred is necessary before officials can say what went wrong and how the self-driving system should be improved.

She also said the fatality(致命性) should be considered in the context of all accidents.

托福写作模板：为什么不应该以貌取人

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One should never judge a person by external appearances. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

托福写作模板范文参考：

What do you feel when a handsome gentleman or a beautiful lady passes by? Then how about a fat and short person wearing a dirty shirt? You feel differently? Yes, most people do. It's very common for people to judge a person by external appearance, because it's easy and direct, and it's instinctive. Appearance is a very important aspect of a person and reflects one's personalities. Sometimes you can tell the person's characteristics from his appearance. However, in most cases, you cannot tell exactly what the person is like just from the external appearance, and ethically, we should not judge a person just by one glance at his external appearance.

"Beauty and beast" and "Snow white and seven dwarves" are two stories that are almost known by everyone. Although there are fables, there are deep meanings inside them. What you can learn from them is that people that are not so good-looking can be very good people internally. And actually there are tons of examples in reality. Napoleon is a very short guy, but he was one of the most famous people in the history. Theodore Roosevelt, former US president during World War II, is handicapped; but he is one of the most successful presidents in American history. So how can you tell about the people from their external appearance?

Moreover, there are other undeniable facts that show that a beautiful person may be rotten inside. There are many prostitutes on the busy streets. It's obviously that they are very beautiful, but are they really righteous people? A beautiful appearance is a good thing, but a righteous heart is more valuable. Finally, as we can see, it's out of question that we should not judge people just from their external appearance. The most important standard is their internal personality.

More than 37,000 people, including almost 6,000 pedestrians(行人), died in traffic accidents in the US in 2016, according to the US Department of Transportation.

"We need to be fair and look at all the data," she said. "But I don't think anybody is taking this lightly(对......置若罔闻). By far safety is the first concern(最重要的事情).

Tempe Mayor Mark Mitchell said he supports autonomous car tests because of the technology's potential. He also praised Uber's decision to suspend the programme as "responsible".

"Our city leadership and Tempe Police will pursue(追求/寻找) any and all answers to what happened in order to ensure safety moving forward," he said.