GRE词汇如何更好的把握含义

若水1147由分享时间：2020-08-31 06:19:14

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GRE词汇如何更好的把握含义

首先要说的是，在阅读教学的研究当中，语言学家们发现，一篇文章中不认识的单词占全文词汇总量的比例只要控制在8%以内，是绝对不会影响到我们对全文任何观点的理解的。基于这一点，我们大家大可不必因为遇到了几个我们完全没见过的奇形怪状的单词而感到头痛和挣扎。因为它们不足以对我们理解文章产生影响。

但同时，我们在阅读文章的过程中也常常会碰到这样的一种单词，那就是专有名词，尤其是涉及全文主题的专有名词，难道我们就必须一一认识它?答案显然是否定的。什么叫做认识专有名词?从英到汉的翻译叫做认识?还是知道专有名词的特征叫做认识?读者请想想看，我们在阅读理解中有没有遇到过这样的问题提法：What is sedge root? 我想没有，因为这种问法是在问专有名词的翻译。我们遇到的更多是这样的一些问法：According to the passage, which of the following statements about sedge root is true? What can be inferred from the passage about sedge root? 这些问题的提法却是在问专有名词的文中阐述特征。我们再从文章本身对这个问题做出进一步的分析。

假设原文有这样一句话：Sedge root, a woody fiber that can be easily separated into strands, is essential to basketry production. 请问sedge root的中文翻译“莎草的根” 能够帮助我们解决阅读理解题目吗?我想很难!真正能够帮助我们解决阅读理解题目的应该是这样的文字a woody fiber (木制纤维)和定语从句中的文字部分can be easily separated into strands (能够轻易地被分割成线)。通过以上的分析，想必大家已经非常清楚地认识到，过去我们拼命去死记硬背专有名词的中文释义是多么愚蠢的行为。因为真正的认识应该是对特征的认识，所以一个专有名词和他的中文释义对我们来说是没有任何意义的，毕竟我们对它们都没有任何的概念。

最后很多人都说我们可以从上下文中猜出单词的释义，难道真的是这样么? 笔者认为从上下文中猜出单词的释义是不现实的。例如有这样一句话“Supernova is a massive star which undergoes gravitational collapse.” 我们是不可能从上下文中猜出supernova的释义“超新星”的。而我们真正能够做到的只是从上下文中猜出单词的特征：supernova是巨大的恒星(massive star)，它在进行引力收缩(undergoes gravitational collapse)。于是以后当我们遇到不认识的单词，我们可以再也不用停下来思考单词的释义，也不用费尽思量地去猜所谓的单词的释义，我们需要做的只是静下心来在后面找到单词在文章当中传达的特征就可以。

GRE重点词汇积累：impenitent

impenitent: 不知悔改的|not remorseful ; opposite of remorseful

1) without regret, shame, or remorse

impenitent <> contrite 不悔悟的<>后悔的

impenitent <> remorseful 不悔恨的<>后悔的

impenitent <> rueful 不悔悟的<>悔恨的获得更多gre考试咨询点击进入>>>>天道免费咨询顾问或联系QQ客服：800004500

obdurate, unremorseful, remorseless, unregenerate//incorrigible/rigid

It was obvious after his impenitent remark to the press that the defendant felt no remorse for his crime.

【考法1】adj. 不悔悟的： not feeling or expressing humble or regretful pain or sorrow for sins or offenses .

【例】 remain impenitent about her criminal past 对她过去所犯罪行执迷不悟

【近】 remorseless, regretless, shameless, unashamed, unrepentant

【反】 contrite, regretful, remorseful, rueful, penitent 感到悔恨的

GRE重点词汇积累：voracious

voracious: 狼吞虎咽的; insatiable; having a huge or great appetite

1) having an insatiable appetite for an activity or pursuit; ravenous

voracious <> abstemious, easily sated, lack of appetite

voracious : satisfy

【近】edacious, gluttonous, rapacious, ravening, ravenous, avid

【考法1】adj. 有很大食量的，贪吃的： having a huge appetite

【例】 He has a voracious appetite. 他的食量惊人。

【近】 edacious, esurient, gluttonous, swinish

【反】 abstemious, abstentious 有节制的

【考法2】adj. 贪婪的，如饥似渴的： having or marked by an insatiable appetite for an activity or pursuit

【例】 a voracious reader who locked himself up in the study 一个把自己锁在书房的贪婪的读者

【近】 acquisitive, avid, covetous, grasping, greedy, hungry, rapacious, ravenous, thirsty

【反】 apathetic, indifferent, uneager, unenthusiastic 无所谓的

【派】 voracity n. 食欲，贪婪

The film festival briefly satisfied their voracious appetite for new movies.

GRE重点词汇积累：waver

waver: 犹豫; to fluctuate between choices

1) to vacillate irresolutely between choices : fluctuate in opinion, allegiance, or direction

2) to move unsteadily back and forth. swing

3) to exhibit irresolution or indecision; vacillate: hesitate.

4) to become unsteady or unsure; falter:

5) waverer, waveringly, wavered, wavering, wavers

6) to sway back and forth; to become unsteady, shake, or tremble; to vacillate in making a decision or in opinion t

7) to move to and fro; to sway; to be unsettled in opinion

相近词汇：dither, falter, fluctuate, oscillate, vaciliate, flutter, wobble; alternate

wavering <> staunch

waver : irresoluteness

waver : resolution

1. If you waver too long before making a decision about which testing site to register for, you may not get your first choice.

2. In the twenty-first mile of the marathon, she wavered in her determination to complete the race, but the spectators cheered her on.

GRE重点词汇积累：circumspect

circumspect: 细心的, 慎重的; (adj.) considering all circumstances

1) wary and unwilling to take risks

2) careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequencescircumspect <> indiscreet

circumspect <> reckless, audacious; direct encounter; rash; unscrupulous

circumspection <> temerity

circumspective <> rash 谨慎的<>鲁莽的,轻率的

A circumspect decision must be made when so many people are involved.

circumspect : prudence = urbane : polish

rash : circumspect = partisan : moderate

rash : circumspection = unheralded : announcement

rash : circumspective = imperious : servile

Imprudent(轻率的; 鲁莽的)<>circumspect 细心的, 慎重的

wary adj.小心的;慎重的同 circumspect; cautious; alert反rash; negligent

reckless: 不注意的, 不在乎的; 鲁莽的, 不顾后果的

1. As the creation of new knowledge through science has become ___ resistance to innovation has become less ___ taking the form of inertia rather than direct attack.

(A) controversial .. sporadic

(B) institutionalized .. aggressive

(D) public .. circumspect

(E) suspect .. lively

答案：(B)

take the form of: v.呈现出…的形态，表现为…

inertia: n.1.惯性(量) 2.不活动;惰性，迟钝

controversial: a.1.争(辩)论的 2.引起争论的，有争议的

sporadic: a.1.不时发生的，零散的 2.孤立的，个别的，偶发的

institutionalize: v.1.使…制度化 2.把…收容在病院 3.使…成为约定俗成

aggressive: a.1.侵犯的，挑衅的 2.积极进取的 3.放肆的，过于自信的

circumspect: a.谨慎小心的，慎重的，仔细的