高三英语作文如何写好
随着英语水平的不断提升，高中英语作文已经有了很高的要求，但是仍然有高中生不能理清写作思路、没有写作架构，下面是小编给大家带来的高三英语作文如何写好，欢迎大家阅读参考，我们一起来看看吧!
高三英语作文如何写好
想写这篇文章，是因为在评改作文的时候，笔者总是看到一些考生在文章的开头使用“It goes without saying that …”或“There’s no denying the fact that …”等套话。还有一些考生使用更长、更复杂的套话，比如，仿照《独立宣言》的首句，写成：“We hold these truths to be self-evident that …”或者仿照简?奥斯丁在小说《傲慢与偏见》中的写法，写成：“It is a truth universally acknowledged that …”笔者经常想，这种只占字数、不表达思想的句子在作文中出现，考官会怎么看?他们会觉得考生的写作水平高吗?考生当然也很无奈：要完成一篇250~300个词的英文文章，如果不写这些套话，要写够字数，还不能写得太简单，那都写什么呀?
看来，问题不在于该不该写这些套话，而在于如果不写套话，那么考生该用什么来取代它们，以使作文简练、流畅而不装腔作势。下面笔者列出几种套话写作的处理方法，和大家共享。
方法一：宁写一词、不写一句
这种方法主要用于替换引言套句。具体的办法是将主题句前面的“It goes without saying that …”“There’s no denying the fact that…”等引言套句换成一个副词，直接引出主题句。比如，考生写一篇关于“互联网”的文章，一般都会习惯性地用引言套句引出主题句，写成：“It goes without saying that the Internet has offered people a way to communicate.”(句子1)还有些担心字数不够的考生甚至把上述句子扩充为：“I’m quite certain that a growing of number of people, youngsters in particular, would agree that the Internet has offered people a way to communicate.”坦率地讲，在最初用英文写作时，笔者也经常用这样的句子，而且每次用心中都会感到一种巨大的“成就感”。但你对英文写作熟悉了之后，就会慢慢发现，上述句子中的“I’m quite certain that a growing number of people, youngsters in particular, would agree that”(句子2)除了占用了你策划主题句的时间，实在没有什么实用价值。
相反，如果写作时不写这样的套句，而直接用副词引出主题句，则不光观点鲜明、结构简练，还能让考官一眼看到主题。以上句为例，我们不如干脆写成：“Undeniably, the Internet has offered people a way to communicate.”(句子3)这岂不更为简练?所以，考生与其花时间去背诵和主题无关的引言，还不如把精力放在主题句本身的锤炼上，完善结构，增加修辞，把主题句写精致。比如上面的句子，我们可以进一步改写成：“Undeniably, the Internet has revolutionized the ways people communicate.”(句子4)大家可以对比一下句子2和句子4，显然句子4的结构和修辞更有英语的韵味。
类似的替换写法很多，以下是一些常用的替换写法，大家可以参考：
1. “It is an indisputable fact that …”换成“Undeniably, …”
2. “We hold it truth to be self-evident that …”换成“Evidently, …”
3. “There’s no denying the fact that …”换成“Undeniably, …”
4. “It is a well-known fact that …”换成“Not surprisingly, …”
5. “Even more worrying is the fact that …”换成“Even more disturbingly, …”
6. “It is obviously that …”换成“Obviously, …”
7. “It is vitally important that换成“More importantly, …”
方法二：巧用结构，替换空话
诸如“with the development of our society”这样的句子可能是中国考生最爱写的一类套话了。考生通常会把这类套话安排在主题句的前面，美其名曰“先交代时代背景，再引出主题句”。这类套话还会衍生出无数“变种”，比较夸张的写法是：“Along with the dramatic economic growth and groundbreaking social and psychological displacement, there’s an urgent demand that our country have more newspapers and magazines.”看过上千篇“范文”的考官一眼就能看出“Along with the dramatic economic growth and groundbreaking social and psychological displacement, there’s an urgent demand that”是“凑字”的空话。
那么该如何替换这一类空话呢?其中一个办法是使用“……很重要，我们要重视”这样的句子形成主题句，然后对“……很重要，我们要重视”这个意思进行结构变换或修辞处理，使用词和结构更加多样化。下面用语法结构解析的方法来逐一分析“……很重要，我们要重视”的表达方式。
1. 用“主?系?表”结构表达。“主?系?表”结构是英语写作中最为基础的结构，它的基本结构是“名词+be (变形)+形容词”。在用该结构替换上文所述空洞无物的套话时，可以使用“not only +形容词, but also +形容词”结构，比如写成：“… is not only necessary, but also indispensable”，然后后面再补充一句：“and that’s why we are supposed to emphasize its central position in our society.”这样就能成功将“随着社会的发展”这一空话替换下来。
2. 用“主?谓?宾”结构表达。上文中的句子还可以这样表达：“… plays a significant part in our society, so it is essential that its position be emphasized.”细心的考生可以发现，虽然是表达同一个意思，但“主?系?表”结构和“主?谓?宾”结构采用了不同的句子形式，这两种表达方式都直接、有效。
3. 用否定句和被动语态表达。否定句和被动语态结合起来使用能使表达更加多样，也更具客观性，如：“The central position of … cannot be ignored. So we are expected to underscore its importance in our society.”
4. 用until正话反说或反话正说。可以用“… has been overlooked until recently. But …”这一句型来为“……很重要，我们要重视”这个意思做铺垫，从而使句意表达更加生动，比如：“The importance of … has been in large measure overlooked until recently. But nowadays, it is not only necessary, but also indispensable in our society. ”
5. 将“重视”和“重要”的顺序颠倒，先写“重视”，再写“重要”。比如：“We are supposed to emphasize its central position in our society, because it is not only necessary, but also indispensable.”
方法三：用好“数据论证”，学会没话找话
“数据论证”这个方法像把双刃剑，一方面它很管用，写得好的话，能形成流畅的论证过程;而另一方面，它有点像“谎话”，如果写不好，数据组织和延伸句之间不通顺，一看就像编“故事”，反而影响成绩。所以，建议经验较丰富的写作“高手”使用该方法。考生在使用这一方法时，可以巧妙地把数据论证和延伸句结合成一个整体。比如，《新概念英语》第三册第九课中，L.G. Alexander就曾用数据论证的办法证明“猫有九条命，是摔不死的”：
… they have nine lives. Apparently, there’s a great deal of truth in this idea. A cat’s ability to survive falls is based on fact. Recently, the New York Animal Center made a study of 132 cats over a period of five months. All these experience have one thing in common: they have fallen off high buildings, yet only eight of them died from shock or injuries.
划线部分的句子将研究机构名称、实验数字、实验期限三个要素串接在一起，插接在主题句“they have nine lives”和延伸句“they have fallen off high buildings, yet only eight of them died from shock or injuries”之间，形成了一个有效的铺垫。这种写法虽然有点“耗字数”，但是对于写作时无话可说的考生来说，也不失为一个好的选择。
考生可以仿照上述文章的数据写作方法，采取“机构名称+调查数字+调查期限”的写法写成句子，插接在主题句和延伸句之间。例如，考生可以将中间的铺垫句写成以下形式：
1. As can be seen in a recent survey by the China Daily, at least three out of every five interviewees believed that +延伸句
2. Recently the Beijing Youth made a study of 1,132 citizens for a period of two months. Despite their genders, occupations, religious background, social status and income levels, there is one thing in common: +延伸句
3. CCTV interviewed five people from five cities—they are from Harbin, Beijing, Tannin, Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively. The survey showed that +延伸句, in spite of their birthplace, educational background and socio-economical status.
1.审题草率，偏离主题，缺漏要点或无限发挥。
对策：制定合理的答题方案，完成书表要安排足够的时间，一般 20-25 分钟。下笔前，认真审题，弄清文章的主题、体裁、时态等，归纳出内容要点，列出提纲，打草稿，用 8-10 句英语句子表达出来，切勿匆匆下笔。另外，注意根据需要适当发挥，一般一至两句，不可无限发挥而影响了重要内容的表达。
2.思路混乱，从头至尾只有一段，或随意、过多地分段，发表观点类的作文中常犯自相矛盾的错误。
如"以高中生对文、理科的选择为话题，用英语介绍一下你所做的选择，并说明理由"，有的考生第一段就亮明了观点"选择理科"--"I decided to choose science as my m ain subject. The reasons are as follows."接下来，便说明了选理科的理由，但在文章快要结束时却写道"But my physics is weak. What's more, I like history very much, so I decided on arts as m y main subject of study."这样前后自相矛盾，不知道考生的选择到底是什么。
对策：考生可根据事件发生的先后顺序以及事物之间的内在联系，进行合理排序、分段。首段要点明主题，亮明观点，中间段围绕主题展开描述，根据需要可用一至两段，结尾段一定要呼应首段，将主题升华(首尾呼应，结尾升华)，不要出现自相矛盾的情况。
【词法上的错误】
1.词汇搭配不当，如：
问题句：I can introduce our country for foreigners in English.
修改句：I can introduce our country to foreigners in English.
对策：平时熟记高频单词、固定搭配，考试时，在运用某个单词或者短语时，慎重考虑这个
单词或短语与其它内容是否搭配。
2.词性中的张冠李戴
× My English is very well.
√ My English is very good.
× I want to make friends with students from others country.
√ I want to make friends with students from other countries.
对策：平时记单词时除了词义，还要识记其词性、名词的可数性与不可数性、动词的延续性与非延续性、及物与不及物等。写作时，如果对所写单词的词性没有把握，可换用其它单词。时态错误
大部分考生段首句子的时态还正确，但段中就开始出错，或者前半句时态还正确，后半句就错了。因为这部分考生对各种时态的用法以及什么样的文体该用什么时态还弄不清。如：
× I'd be grateful if you accepted me as a member of your camp.
√ I'd be grateful if you accept me as a member of your camp.
× I was told that he has been looking for a new job all through the summer.
√ I was told that he had been looking for a new job all through the summer.
对策：弄清各种文体对应的时态，如日记应该用过去时态，通知用将来时态，发表观点类的文章及图表作文用现在时态，书信根据需要可以交叉使用现在时态、将来时态和过去时态。写完后还要认真检查，看一下时态呼应一致方面是否出现了错误。
【语态错误】
形式多为：不及物动词误用被动形式，不规则动词的过去分词变化拼写错误，该用被动语态的地方没有用被动语态。如：
× I got a message that a summer camp will be hold in Singapore.
√ I got a message that a summer camp will be held in Singapore.
× I hope I will accept as a member of your summer cam p.
√ I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
对策：平时有意识地进行主、被动语态方面的转换练习，熟记不规则动词的过去分词变化形式。写作时，要确保运用被动形式的是及物动词，检查动词的过去分词形式是否写错，并思考一下此处语态应用是否合适。
如何写长难句
How to develop complex sentences.
1. 写出key words，确认中心骨架
2. 逻辑排列，logical arrangements
3. 加工润色，colorize
例句：大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
Most of (A majority of) students believe (hold the view) that part-time jobs can provide them with opportunities机会to/and develop (improve/better) communication ability能力(social abilities/interpersonal skills人际关系技巧),which is good for (is beneficial to有益于) their looking for jobs (job-hunting求职) in the future (after their graduation).
拓展长句的三大方法
The most important factor因素 we have to take into consideration is sth./that…
The most important thing I want to talk about is that…sth./ that…
It is also of great importance to pay close attention to…that
Besides what is mentioned above上诉的,it is necessary to think about…
In addition to除…之外 what is talked about above, I want to tell you sth. about…
1.写引导词：包括起承转合例(让句子变得高端)
起: in the first place首先, first and foremost首要的, to begin/start with
承: second (ly),in the second place, furthermore而且,此外, moreover而且,此外, what’s more, in addition另外, besides
转:but, however, on the contrary与此相反, in contrast/comparison相比之下, nonetheless虽然如此,但是; nevertheless尽管如此,然而;
合: last but not least最后同样重要的，so, therefore,
in conclusion最后，综上所述, to conclude最后, in a/one word, in general,
例: for instance, for example, such as,
When it comes to.... 说起…
经典引导句型
There is no doubt that/in saying that…
There is no exaggeration夸张 in saying that…
It is known to us all that,
It is well-known that…
It is apparent/obvious显然的 that…it is not hard to understand that…
It is not too much to say that…
It is commonly/widely/generally agreed that… (acknowledged公认的 that…/ believed that)
2.写插入语(让句子变得客观)
that is to say
to a certain extent在某种程度上，to some degree在一定程度上，to a larger degree在很大程度上
for one reason or another因为某种原因, to put it in another way换言之
directly or indirectly 直接或间接
in other words 换句话说
as a matter of fact 事实上
例：English is, to a large degree, important. be后
Computer, directly or indirectly, influences our life. 行前
Computer can, as a matter of fact, influence our life. 助行间
例句：It is known to us all that, English is, to a large degree, very important due to that English is becoming a global/world language. /is becoming more and more (increasingly) popular
There is no doubt in saying that computer, directly or indirectly, to a large degree, influences our life primarily owing to that (computer can make our work and study faster) computer can improve the efficiency of our work and study.
It is hard to understand that doing part-time job can, to a large extent, broaden our horizon in that we can understand more about the society by knowing a lot of people.
3.写从句(让句子变得漫长)
名词性定语从句:that, who
时间状语从句:before, when, after, during
地点状语从句:where)
原因状语从句:because, because of that..
primarily/mainly owing to that,
partly/partially due to that,
in that 例： I like you in that you are very kind.
假设状语从句:if, on condition that… in case that…
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