托福写作词汇有哪些使用技巧
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托福写作技巧中最为重要的技巧之一就是用词，那么托福写作用词方面有哪些技巧?下面小编就和大家分享托福写作词汇有哪些使用技巧,希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。
托福写作词汇有哪些使用技巧?
一.托福写作选词技巧之区分同义词
由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的饲，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。总的来讲，英语本族语大多是短词，小词，听起来朴素)亲切，大量用于口头表达：法语来源的词庄重文雅，多与行政、宗教、军事、服饰等有关;拉丁来源的词，书卷味浓， 如ask，question，inter-rogate这三个不同来源的同义词在不同的主题、对象、情景下用法就不一样。同义词除了来源的不同会影响措词的选择外，它们在程度、感情色彩上也有不同。比如“瘦”可以用slender，slim，lean，thin，underweight，gaunt，lanky，skinny等来表达，而sleder表示“苗条”是褒义的，skinny却是贬义的，underweight则是中性的词。即使同是褒义词，表达的感情色彩也不同。比如little和petite两个同义词当用来描绘女子时，都意为“个子小”的，但petite同时还有“匀称”的意义，而little更强调“可爱的”或“可怜的”，根据不同的上下文，它还有“http://toefl.533.com纤小”、“娇小”或“弱小”等不同意义。因此在选词表达思想时，一定要分清主题，对象及情景。
另外，让中国学生头痛的是一些同义词的习惯搭配。比如large和big都指“大”，但large通常用来修饰诸如number，amount及quantity(a large number of students，a large amou-nt of money，a large quantity of wine，etc)。但象“勇气”，“信心”，”能力”、“智慧”等表示个人素质的名词，人们通常用呷碰而不用big或large来修饰。由此可见，在英语写作实践中，区分同义词的用法是相当重要的。
二. 托福写作选词技巧之符合语言习惯
例如，英美人对landlord和peasant两词的理解与中国人截然不同。英美人对前者的理解首先是“房东”，然后才是“地主”;而peasant一词对他们来说意味着“粗俗”与“无知”，此词多少带有贬义色彩。再如propaganda一词在中国并不带有西方人所理解的贬意;而First lady (第一夫人)绝不能理解为汉语的原配夫人，因此在写作中应特别注意这类词，否则会导致冒犯和误解。由于东西方社会历史文化的差异，许多词所引申或代表的内容也大相径庭，Phoenix在西方象征“复活”、“再生”，而汉语的这一词却表示“祥瑞”。Peach在汉语中象征“长寿”而在英语中却用以指代“特别讨人喜爱的人或物”。又比如在表示色彩的词中green是青春的颜色，常表示希望、活力，但在英语中green又与“妒忌”(to be green with envy，green-eyed)和“没有经验的”(a green horn)联系起来。如果没有广泛的阅读积累，养成经常查字典的良好习惯，单凭想当然地选词，势必会词不达意。即使同一事物，在美国和英国也可能有不同的表达。例如：corn一词在美国指“玉米”而在英国泛指“谷物”;“地铁”在英国用tube或underground美国则用subway。此类的例子还有pavement/sidewalk，Chemists‘shop/drug store等。
三. 托福写作选词技巧之注意汉英无对应时的表达
不是所有的英语词汇都有相应的汉语表达，一些不同的英语词汇也有可能用同样的汉语来表达，这就使我们在用英语来表达思想对面临更多选择上的困难。比如family和home两词都可译成汉语的“家”，但它们却不是同义词。Family主要指家庭成员，与人有关，而home主要指所居住的地点、住宅。Except和besides有时都译成同样的汉语“除了”，但他们的意思却是相反的。因此我们不能依赖于单纯的汉语译意。否则我们可能会被误导。尽管许多英语对应的汉语词汇都能表达它们真正的意思，但往往有些英语词汇没有准确的汉语对应词;所以只有在不同的上下文中才能确定它们真正的意思，比如send一词，如果单把它理解成汉语的“送”的话，象这样的句子“她送信给我”也许会被写成she sent me the letter.而英语准确的表达应是she brought me the letter.再如“他将送朋友去机场”，如果写成He will send his friend to the airpot。就又错了。正确的表达应该是He will go to the airpot with his friend to see him off.实际上send sth to a place应该是请别人送去，自己不去。因此，要确定我们所选的词是否准确、恰当，单凭查词典还不行。
托福考试作文范例：高中生是否应该经历间隔年
托福考试作文题目：
Students should spend at least one year working or traveling before they go to university? Do you agree or disagree? ( 2016年3月13日)
高中生应该在上大学之前至少工作或者旅行一年，是否认同?
思路拓展：
【间隔年之利好】
① 兼职工作可以帮助年轻人积累工作经验，获得自我成就感，使他们对于社会有了更加深刻的洞察，为未来的择业打下坚实基础。
② 旅行可以开拓视野、丰富知识、结交新友，锻炼独立性，这些对于未来的发展是有利好的。
③ 工作和旅行提高了人的社会意识，丰富了人生的阅历，成熟了人的心态。
【间隔年之弊端】
① 很多孩子可能沉迷工作和旅行不再回归校园，如果这样，间隔年就失去了它的初衷。
② 青春期是人的求知欲望最强，也是学习能力和记忆力最强的宝贵时期，高中生不应该耽误一年的时间远离校园而去打工或是闲逛，否则，学业就会被耽误。
③ 高中生没有形成核心竞争力，很难找到工作。即使是找到，也很容易被欺骗和剥削。
托福考试作文范文参考：
【首段】背景介绍 + 争议焦点 + 作家立场
Such is human nature to explore the unknown and see the outside word，that is why a great many high school graduates are keen on traveling or working for a period of time before attending dream universities. Conflicting ideas clash in determining whether or not it is a wise idea to inspire high school leavers to experience the Grand Tour. As I see it, the merits of experiencing the gap year outshine its potential demerits.
【二段】 间隔年之利好
The most important educational benefit of taking a year off before starting university life is that traveling exposes young adults to stunning places and exotic cultures. It is one thing for teenagers to read about distant countries, but it is even better to enrich the experience of the world on one’s own. What one learns by associating with strangers and absorbing diverse cultures is something he or she could never acquire in the classrooms. For example，I made many congenial friends by self-travel to Tibet after finishing my schooling. This fantastic journey not only expanded my mind but also alleviated my stress triggered by tight academic study. Feasting my eyes on the stunning landscape really sweetened my life and lifted my spirit.
【三段】间隔年之利好
Virtually, youngsters can also become the beneficiaries of working as part-timers too. By that I mean, earning a living has a key role to play in helping one accumulate relevant working experience, train one’s crisis-solving abilities and deepen one’s insight into the society, which will lay a solid foundation for one’s future career ladder. To illustrate, via embarking on part-time jobs, I knew that money doesn’t grow on trees. Then, I studied even harder when coming back to campus.
【四段】 间隔年之弊端
Notwithstanding all that, we can never ignore the potential downsides caused by experiencing the gap year. First, the study might be delayed. Some school graduates are too immature to draw on their gap year, so they just waste time during that period and harvest nothing. Even worse, it is highly possible that some youngsters might end up never returning to campus. However，since academic qualification is extremely indispensable to every individual，my concern might seldom happen.
【尾段】再次亮明观点 + 总结理由
In closing, my stand is that to inspire young adults to take a year off before going to college is a two-edged sword. Yet youngsters should be encouraged to challenge themselves. This is one of the best ways to mature their thoughts and chasten their characters.
—经典语料—
1. go to university = start university life = attend university
上大学
2. earn a living = work as part-timers
谋生
3. do some sightseeing = to be well-traveled = to travel on one’s own
自己旅行
4. Such is human nature to explore the unknown
探索未知是人之本性。
5. The merits of experiencing the gap year outshine its potential demerits
经历间隔年的利大于弊。
6. to experience the gap year
体验间隔年
7. take a year off to work and travel before attending dream university
升入理想大学之前，用一年的时间去工作或旅行
8. feasting my eyes on the stunning landscape
尽情欣赏迷人景色
9. really sweetened my life and lifted my spirit
使我快乐，精神振奋
10. add spice to the dull routine of everyday life
增加枯燥生活之情趣
11. lay a solid foundation for one’s future career ladder
为未来事业打下坚实基础
12. money doesn’t grow on trees
赚钱很辛苦
13. notwithstanding all that
尽管如此
14. end up doing sth
以……为结局
15. be led astray
被引入迷途
16. Since academic qualification is extremely indispensable to every individual，my concern might seldom happen.
因为学历对于每一人都很重要，我的担忧很少会发生。
17. …… is a two-edged sword
……是一把双刃刀
18. This is one of the best ways to mature their thoughts and chasten their characters.
这是成熟他们的思想，磨练他们的性格的最佳方式之一。
托福考试作文范例：儿童12岁之前的教育
托福考试作文题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A person's childhood years (the time from birth to twelve years of age) are the most important years of a person's life. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
参考分析：
不同意
(1)儿童在前12岁的时候还没有学到能够谋生的知识
(2)儿童在前12岁的时候还没有交到最好的朋友
(3)儿童在前12岁的时候还没有尝到最重要的人生经历
托福考试作文范文参考：
It has been seen that children who get the love and support of their parents and teachers in their childhood turn out bemature and emotionally balanced teenagers and adults. On the other hand, if we look at the childhood of criminals and other anti social elements, we will find that most of them have been through tough times as children. They were deprivedof proper care and upbringing. Delinquents also have a history of abuse in their childhood many a times.
Children are always inquisitive and willingto learn. When they are provided a stimulating environment in which they can develop their talents and learn to enjoy their work, they become good citizens who are an asset to the nation. Family is the most important institution in a child'sformative years because parents are children's role models. Children develop their ethics, moral values and temperament in tune with what they see in their parents and elder siblings. The type of personality that a child develops isdifficult to change later.
So I firmly believe that childhood is a vital part of a person's life that plays an important role in shaping his future.
英语写作相关文章：
★ 英语作文
托福写作词汇有哪些使用技巧
