托福综合写作参考材料信息归纳整理经验讲解

托福综合写作考察的重点其实并非考生的写作技能，而是对不同来源信息的对比和归纳整理能力，因此考生在备考综合写作时，需要着重提升这方面的能力，才能让文章得到较好分数。下面小编就和大家分享托福综合写作参考材料信息归纳整理经验讲解，来欣赏一下吧。

托福综合写作参考材料信息归纳整理经验讲解

托福综合写作提取信息难点分析

对于题目中给出的阅读和听力材料，特别是听力材料，考生需要在很短的时间内把握其重点信息和论证方法，这是综合写作的第一个难点。但由于涉及的题材都是一些学术的文章和报道，所以在归纳方面还是有一定的规律可循，考生如能掌握以下重点并多加练习，必能攻破这一难关。

托福综合写作阅读材料如何提取信息?

首先，阅读的部分往往来源于一些学术类的文章，因此其内容和结构往往都有很好的逻辑性和完整性，往往文章的首句会提出文章的谈论背景和对象，并紧跟其后提出文章的主题，而接下来的文字则会围绕这个主题展开一些细节性的话题。同时，文章的最后一段也会有重点的观点和信息，也是考生重点要把握的部分。而在段落中间，一般情况下，学术类文章采取归纳式(先进行论证或举例子后总结观点)和讨论式(以主题句开头后面进行论证)的模式，同时考生应该要多注意表示转折、因果关系和总结性的连接词，把握了这些内容，对于考生掌握阅读材料的重点信息和结构有很大的帮助。

托福综合写作听力素材信息整理经验

其次对于听力材料，这是综合类写作过程中的难点，但考生在已经理解了阅读材料的基础上，对于听力材料的主题就已经有了一定的把握，因此考生需要将听力的重点放在判断听力文章的观点和阅读文章的观点的比较上，是互相支持还是互相对立，支持或对立的观点分别用哪些论证手段和实例来证明。但是，由于听力材料不会再次出现，因此考生一定要在听力过程中过好笔记，记住关键性的句子和词语，为此建议考生平时多做相关听力资料的听取和笔记练习。

托福写作素材之成功的企业

After working with dozens of small companies, I discovered that the successful ones share some common traits. Here, then, are the 14 qualities I've witnessed in many of the thriving small businesses I've worked with:

Company culture. Culture is defined as the "integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief and behavior that depends upon man's capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations." For successful companies, culture is about attracting and hiring the people who would be most successful in that specific organization. And it's about driving the behavior that makes the company successful.

Customer service. Simply defined, customer service means taking care of your customers. Many companies integrate customer service into their business culture through training and the design (and frequent redesign) of relevant business processes. In most cases, the business plan dictates how they will provide quality customer service.

Business strategy. A complex strategy or business plan isn't necessary to achieve success. A simple one-page document will do, but it should be well thought out and well executed. A poorly crafted business plan that's well executed is far superior to the well-crafted business plan that sits on the shelf collecting dust. A good business plan defines and drives the activities and behaviors of the entire organization. Without it, the business becomes a ship without a rudder; it simply can't be steered and ends up going around in circles. A sound strategy should include a financial plan, marketing differentiators, and product strategy as well as a plan for employee retention.

Training. Because we live in a world of continuous change, it's more important than ever to implement a culture of continuous learning. For many successful owners, continual investment in training is a major contributor to success. For training to be successful, however, there must be a direct link back to the business plan and an understanding of how training supports the successful implementation of the business strategy.

重点表达摘抄：

share some common traits ：有共同点

attracting and hiring the people who：吸引并雇佣X.X样的人

taking care of your customers:伺候好顾客

integrate s/th into：把X.X融入到X.X

be well thought out and well executed：经过深思熟虑然后执行的

poorly crafted business plan ：没有被精细制作的商业计划

is far superior to ：前者比后者高级的

well-crafted business plan ：精细制作的商业计划

sits on the shelf collecting dust：搁置起来 (比喻形同虚设的政策等)

drives the activities and behaviors of the entire organization：

驱动整个组织的活动和行为

a ship without a rudder：没有舵的船

product strategy :产品策略

employee retention：员工保有率

in a world of continuous change：在不停变换的世界里

implement a culture of continuous learning：实施一个不断学习的文化

is a major contributor to success：X.X是一个成功的重要因素

重要句子：

It simply can't be steered and ends up going around in circles.

无法驾驶并原地打转。

适用的题目：

For any business to be successful, one must spend a lot of money on advertising.

托福写作素材之打工的好处

What Are the Benefits of Part-Time Jobs for Students?

Taking on a part-time job while pursuing a degree is hard work, but the benefits are typically greater than the amount of a paycheck. Students who work during their college careers may have better time-management skills than their counterparts. They must understand responsibility and apply it to their daily lives. They earn money that can be used for fun or for tuition, while gaining experience in the workplace that will be attractive to future employers after graduation.

Money

Simply put, students who hold down part-time jobs will have more money than they would have otherwise. As they come into adulthood, earning an income can boost their confidence and allow them to have some fun within the limits of their paychecks. Some students need to work through school to afford tuition. Others will set the money aside to pay back student loans. Still, the money will be theirs to spend as they wish, and they may appreciate it more because they worked for it.

Budgeting

Students earning their own money get lessons on spending wisely. They may be less likely to spend their hard-earned money frivolously and learn to delay gratification to pay for necessities, such as text books and rent. At the same time, they can save for non-essential purchases, such as a car.

Time Management

Students taking on a job on top of their studies will have less free time than non-working students. When working students have to measure out their time, they tend to be better planners as they make sure they complete every task expected of them on deadline. They learn to weigh their priorities, sometimes skipping fun activities to finish their responsibilities. This prepares them for life after school when excuses and tardy work will be frowned upon.

Experience

Often, students work jobs that introduce them to their preferred career after school is over. This allows them to gain important introductory experience in the business and begin networking with those in that field. Even students who work in places not connected to their majors will look more impressive to potential employers. They'll have some kind of work experience on their resumes to start, and the fact that they've been able to hold a job while a school attests to their level of maturity, responsibility and time management. Employers look for employees who understand the work environment and work well as part of a team. Having a part-time job shows that the student is at least somewhat accustomed to the professional world, which will make the transition that much easier.

重点词汇和搭配摘抄：

经典词汇：

time-management skills ：时间管理技能

counterparts：对等的人或物

potential employers ：潜在的雇主

non-working students：不工作的学生

动词搭配：

gaining experience ：获得经验

boost their confidence ：增加自信

allow them to have some fun ：给他们

set the money aside ： 存一些钱

pay back student loans ：还学生贷款

to delay gratification ：推迟快感

weigh their priorities ：权衡一下重要的事情

be frowned upon： 被看不起，不被赞同

gain important introductory experience ：获得重要的入门的经验

attests to their level of maturity, responsibility and time management ：

证明的了他们的成熟度、责任和时间管理的水平

make the transition ：过渡

is at least somewhat accustomed to： 至少在某种程度上习惯于

重要句子：

Students who hold down part-time jobs will have more money than they would have otherwise.

学生做兼职工作会比不做兼职工作有更多钱。

Citation：

//work.chron.com/benefits-parttime-jobs-students-9248.html

适用题目：

2011-05-13

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the ways that parents can help children be ready for adult life to ask them to do a part-time job.