托福写作如何引用素材数据

We may quote the research conducted by a major education in order to discover whether children are doing homework with technological assistance: among the 100 parents who were interviewed, over 90% of them admitted the face that their children could never do without using computers or other electronic tools.

这篇例子中引用了一组数据，100对夫妻中90%的人承认孩子对电脑和其它电子工具有依赖性，这组数据对于文章观点起到了很好的支持作用，也简单直白的告诉了大家实际情况，这种数据引用无需任何修饰，本身就具有很强的说服力。

话题2

Grades encourage students to learn.

写法分享

Researchers at China Academy of Social Sciences conducted a survey in 10 key high schools in Shanghai. They drafted a list of questions centering on motives to study hard at school and asked the students to fill out the questionnaire. Among the 2,000 students who wrote out their answers, over half of them mentioned the desire to gain high grades in the National College Entrance Examination.

2000学生中超过半数为了分数而学习，这也同样对文章观点起到了支持作用，比起一些空泛的例子来说这样的数据显然也更为直观明确。当然，这类数据论据需要大家提前背熟，虽然好用但对于大家的记忆要求还是比较高的。

托福考试备考攻略如何有效备考托福写作

1、针对不同话题思考自己的观点

经过了范文学习的过程，就可以开始针对不同话题的文章思考自己的观点，列出提纲，寻找supporting details。这样，在做好了充分的准备后，就可以有准备地开始真正的练笔阶段。特别要说明的是，如果同学们没有好的模拟写作小软件，建议使用windows自带的写字板，切忌使用Microsoft Word等具有纠错功能的软件进行模拟写作。在练笔的最初阶段可以不计时间，但熟悉了写作的流程后一定要每次写作都计时，模拟真实的考试环境。

2、培养听力和复述能力

Integrated writing部分是听力和写作的结合，不需要大家发表个人观点，因此考察的是听力能力和复述的能力。在听力前的三分钟要认真阅读题目中的文字，文字中会有3个支持文字观点的论据，听力则会针对这三个观点逐个展开。对于听力部分，同样提醒大家要多做笔记，记住细节，在作文展开中体现出来。因为综合写作的模式比较固定，因此可以提前准备好模版和固定的句式。注意，一篇高分的综合写作一定有变化多样的句式，这个在我们准备模版的时候一定要体现出来。

3、积累优秀词汇、句型和文章结构

最开始练习independent writing时，同学们往往会遇到不知如何下手的问题。因此，在练习的初期，可以先阅读一些新托福写作的范文、相关书籍;精读里面的文章，注意作者的文章结构和展开方式，同时积累例子和细节。这样，我们对于独立写作的套路就有了基本的了解。另外在关注文章的展开方式时，我们同样可以学习范文里的句式结构和高深的词汇。并不是鼓励大家抄袭，而是真正地掌握较高级的句子结构和较复杂的词汇，这些都会给我们的作文加分。

托福写作模板:在决定长期工作前年轻人应尝试不同工作

016年托福写作真题题目：

2016年10月15日托福独立写作题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people should try several different jobs before they take a long term career.

2016年10月15日托福独立写作真题重现

(A/D) Young people should try different jobs before they take a long-term career.

题目大意：在决定长期工作之前，年轻人应该尝试不同的工作。此题并不难，思路也很容易想。建议，选择同意，理由一可以获得多种技能，理由二可以找到自己最合适的职业。

托福写作模板及参考答案：

托福写作模板参考一:

2016年10月15日托福独立写作参考范文：

Currently, with the competition in the job market becoming increasingly fierce, the job-hunting has been brought under the spotlight of the mass media. The senior and experts strongly proposed that young people should try different jobs before taking a lifelong career, while the youngsters may hold the opposite viewpoint. As far as I am concerned, the former view is more reasonable, with the reasons listed below.

In the first place, different jobs will equip the young with multiple skills and professional knowledge in various fields. As we know, the completion of every job, simple or complex, requires differing abilities and expertise in certain area. As a result, young adults who take different jobs will grasp the knowledge in a new area and increase their potential capability to a large extent, thus having the well-rounded development. To be specific, to be a waiter or waitress in a restaurant enables us to cultivate interpersonal skills since we may encounter tons of people from all walks of life. Being a manager will help to improve the organizational skills and leadership, because the successful running of a department depends on the ability of leaders. Undoubtedly, those people with more than one skills will have an edge over other competitors in the future job market.

In addition, another conspicuous benefit of taking different jobs before you settle on the lifelong career is that the young have the chances to find the most suitable position. It is never uncommon to hear that many employees who have worked for three or more years complain that the work they take is not what they are good at or what they like. Consequently, their enthusiasm or passion for their jobs is relatively in a low level, which has negative influence on the development of themselves and their company. The best way to deal with the above problem is to allow youngsters to try different types of work at first and take the one which suits them most. The experience of my friend, Kozer, is a good case in point. After graduating from the department of foreign languages in Beijing University, Kozer was recruited by a Foreign Trade Corporation due to his excellent English. Unfortunately, he was too introverted to communicate well with strangers, especially with foreigners. Then he resigned from the position and became a teacher in a high school. The same problem occurred again. Finally, realizing his own strengths and weaknesses from the above failures, he found that the most suitable position for himself was to be an editor for China Daily, the most famous English newspaper, because there was no need to talk with many people in this job.

Admittedly, some opponents may assert that it is not necessary for young adults to try different jobs, because it will waste lots of time and even make them miss out some opportunities. However, the above reasoning is far from the truth. To illustrate, only when we have experienced several different kinds of work can we find the one which most fits for us. So the time spent on every try is worthwhile.

In a nutshell, it is safe to conclude that young people should try different jobs before they take a long-term career, in order to gain more skills and find the most suitable position. (By Zhaobo，548words)(新东方赵波)

托福写作模板参考二:

2016年10月15日托福独立写作范文

The benefits and drawbacks of job hopping have never failed to be the center of debate among employees and employers, and human resource managers of corporations. While some people believe that constant job hopping brings more benefits than pitfalls, others state that the disadvantages of switching between jobs before settling down greatly outweigh the benefits. Personally, I think trying out different positions is beneficial to one’s future career based on the following reasons.

Admittedly, switching between jobs will make your employers suspicious about your judgment and question your commitment and loyalty to the company, however, the taking different jobs gives a professional countless benefits, like diverse background, broadened social network, better compensation and benefits, etc.

First off, more job experience provides an individual exposure to different industries and more professional experience, eventually it is conducive for someone to find his or her real expectation and ultimate career goal in the long run. In a small company, employees might have intimate and close friendships with each other, and there is no standard procedure of daily business operation. However, in a colossal corporation, employees have a clear professional boundary and they have to follow strict regulations and procedures when conducting business. Having a chance to work in both small and big companies will help individuals to know which type of company fits them best and they can choose their future career according to their preference. Also, having working experience in different industries and various sized companies makes the employees more flexible and adaptable in distinctive working environments. Future employees will value those who have exposure to a variety of challenges and can bring new ideas and changes to the company.

Additionally, working in different companies and industries gives an individual more opportunities to explore new social networks and thus enjoy a much more promising career in the near future. An individual can expand his or her social and professional networks after having worked in different places, where one can plant roots and farm relationships and eventually these connections will prove to be very helpful in the near future. This is especially true in today’s overly competitive job market, a dynamic and active professional network will probably help you to land better jobs in the future.

In conclusion, it is more advisable to take different jobs before settling down permanently since it brings more exposure in different industries, rich professional experience and a more dynamic professional connection. (By Meng, Yan 404 words)

托福写作解析得高分必须遵循的10个准则

1、Place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end

欲擒故纵的圆周句(periodic sentence)中，强调信息后置。

Eg: Four centuries ago, Christopher Columbus, one of the Italian mariners whom the decline of their own republics had put at the service of the world and of adventure, seeking for Spain a westward passage to the Indies as setoff against the achievements of Portuguese discoverers, lighted on America.

Eg: With these hopes and in this belief I would urge you, laying aside all hindrance, thrusting away all private aims, to devote yourselves unswervingly and unflinchingly to the vigorous and successful prosecution of this war.

2、In summaries, keep to one tense

总结通常使用现在时态，如果使用过去时，请保持时态一致。

3、Make the paragraph the unit of composition: one paragraph to each topic

不同的段落构成文章，每个段落仅传递一个观点

4、As a rule, begin each paragraph with a topic sentence; end it in conformity with the beginning

规则：每个段落均以主题句开头，并且首尾呼应。

A. the topic sentence comes at or near the beginning;

主题句前置

B. the succeeding sentences explain or establish or develop the statement made in the topic sentence;

段落围绕主题句展开，后面的句子对主题句进行展开解释

C. the final sentence either emphasizes the thought of the topic sentence or states some important consequence.

末尾句或者对主题句进行强调，或者阐述主题句带来的结果。

5、Use the active voice

主动句永远比被动句直接有力

Eg: There were a great number of dead leaves lying on the ground

= Dead leaves covered the ground. (清晰生动)

Eg: The reason that he left college was that his health became impaired.

= Failing health compelled him to leave college. (简洁有力)

Eg: It was not long before he was very sorry that he had said what he had.

= He soon repented his words. (简洁有力)

6、Put statements in positive form

以肯定的形式表达否定的意思, 避免使用平淡、毫无色彩，犹豫不决和含糊其辞的语言。

Eg：He was not very often on time.

= He usually came late.

Eg: He did not think that studying Latin was much use.

= He thought the study of Latin useless.

Eg: The taming of the Shrew is rather weak in spots. Shakespeare does not portray Katharine as a very admirable character, nor does Bianca remain long in memory as an important character in Shakespeare’s works.

= The women in The Taming of the Shrew are unattractive. Katharine is disagreeable, Bianca insignificant.

7、Omit needless words

删除冗词

Vigorous writing is concise. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. This requires not that the writer make all his sentences short, or that he avoid all detail and treat his subjects only in outline, but that every word tell.

有力的写作一定简洁。

Owing to the fact that

=Since (because)

In spite of the fact that

=Though (although)

Call your attention to the fact that

=Remind you (notify you)

The fact that he had not succeeded

=His failure

8、Avoid a succession of loose sentences

别写流水账，找找语言的逻辑关系，通过who, which, when, where, and while 这些词把句子串起来。

9、Express co-ordinate ideas in similar form

Parallel structure 平行结构讲究对称美：内容对等，结构一致。

Eg: Formerly, science was taught by the textbook method, while now the laboratory method is employed.

Parallel structure: Formerly, science was taught by the textbook method; now it is taught by the laboratory method.

10、Keep related words together

词的位置决定词的关系，所以遵循‘物以类聚’，意思关联紧密的词放在一块。

A: 主谓之间不分割，补充信息需前置

Eg: Wordsworth, in the fifth book of The Excursion, gives a minute description of this church.

Eg: In the fifth book of the Excursion, Wordsworth gives a minute description of this church. (状语前置，主谓毗邻)

B：关系代词紧随先行词出现

Eg: There was a look in his eye that boded mischief.

Eg: In his eye was a look that boded mischief. (名词look先行，关系词that紧随)

托福写作如何引用素材数据

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