GRE考试关于提高写作能力324+4.5经验谈

GRE考试关于提高写作能力324+4.5经验谈,我们一起学习一下吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

GRE考试关于提高写作能力324+4.5经验谈

模仿别人的优秀文章写有两种方式。有些同学天天写，但是水平和一年前没有什么长进。所以光靠自己写是不行的。没有什么参照，思想越挖越空，最后就没什么可写的了。

所以要先模仿着写，模仿要有几个前提条件：

1.要有可以模仿的文章(最好是带有说理性的文章)

2.你要理解这个文章，理解它的用词、句子结构、段落结构

3.这些文章都有正确的中文翻译。同时，文章的长度不能超过500字。

怎么模仿，我给大大家举个例子：首先要分析文章，分析每一句和上一句是什么关系。美国人写作文的一个特点是，通常每段的第一句都包含了整段文字的内容，也就是我们常说的topic　sentence.。另一个特点是当你写完一个句子后，你要问WHY。你提出一个问题，然后给出一个圆满的回答，这就是一篇优秀的作文。

再下一步就要具体了。写作需要两大能力：

1.抽象的能力(abstract);2.　具体的能力(details/examples)。

具体化并不代表要写一个完整的故事。但是任何一篇文章都要给人一个具体的意向。通过具体的东西来描述才能给人塌实的感觉。具体化只要举出几个地方、几个名字、几件小事就可以了。

为什么好多同学作文中分数很低呢，就是因为，他提出了问题却没有回答。

你通过不断的模仿写作，就可以不断的纠正语法和词组错误。如何把抽象和具体结合起来是一个重点，如何在一个段落中只表达一个思想，这是另一个重点。美国人的判分特点是，如果你在一段中表达了一个以上的思想，那你的分数就不会高了。

分析完一篇文章后，怎么模仿着写呢?就是看着中文的翻译，把上面的英文一字不落的写下来，当你实在想不起来的时候，再看原文。等到写完之后，和原文对照一下，看看是谁写的漂亮。我刚刚开始模仿写作的时候，发现，模仿了几天后，写作水平的确提高了。因为根据记忆学原则，这个单词你背过、读过，它都不能写在你的文章中间。如果一个单词可以经常出现在你的脑子和文章中间，那这只证明了一件事，就是你写过这个字。但是你自己写作你不可能用到这个字，那就只有一个可能，就是你在模仿文章时写过这个字。如果一个结构别人写不出来，你能写出来，那你的分数就会高。

通过不断的模仿你的几大能力就会得到提高：

1。你的语法错误会越来越少;2。句子结构能力越来越强;　3。用词能力大大增加。

一篇文章模仿两次就足够了。当你模仿了10篇文章之后，你把这10篇文章再模仿一遍。等你模仿完20篇文章，你的写作能力就会大大提高了。

二.逻辑思路能力

下面我们要讲的是写作中的第二大能力：逻辑思路能力。

在美国许多的写作考试中TOEFL写作是相对容易的。因为它的作文题本身非常简单，看到一个作文题你几乎就知道该怎么写。而GRE作文就相对复杂了。GRE作文方式永远是两种态度，两种方式让你选择。它永远是有对照性的。TOEFL作文考：“吃饭是在家里吃好，还是到饭店里吃好”; GMAT考和商业有关的：“产品制造出来是延续时间很长的好，还是延续时间不太长的好”;GRE作文：“在我们这个社会中间，现在专业人士太多了，而有综合知识的人太少了。你认为我们是更需要具有专业知识的人呢，还是需要具有广博知识的人?”TOEFL考生活、学习;GRE 考日常学术行为。但是不管它出什么题目，总是会摆出两种态度供你选择。另外，GRE的作文题目是提前发给你的，考试时出的题目绝不会超出它事先发给你的题目。它决不会出让学生看不懂的题目。所出的题目永远是世界性的，不涉及民族、宗教、政治色彩。

考察普林斯顿所出的全部范文后发现，美国人百分之七八十喜欢倾向于一种模式。讨论在哪里吃的问题时，要不在家里吃，要不在饭店吃，但是你不要又想在家里，又想在饭店(A　OR　B)。当然他们也比较认可中间的态度(C)，也就是说，我既要A又要B，我是A和B结合起来产生C。事实上，好多中国学生结合A、B写是能写出好分数的。当然也有些题目是没有C这种态度的。

C态度这种写法和A、B的写法，在段落结构上是有差异的。我先讲两种文章的段落结构。

如果是采取A或B的写法，段落结构是比较简单的。通常分为三个层次，第一个层次是第一段。说明我要采取A还是B。第二个层次可以不只一段，说明为什么选择A/B是对的。为什么要有三段呢。因为必须至少有2个理由，至多3个理由。美国人认为一个理由是不够的，4个理由绝对太多。他们最喜欢 2到3个理由。最后一段就是结尾，讨论B的缺点和部分优点，同时坚决强调你要选择A。

C模式：它有两大难点。1。你要表明A和B　的必不可少性，所以你的段落就会很长;2第二段就要写A的好处、缺陷都在哪;3要写B的好处和缺点;4　要证明只有把A和B结合起来才能弘扬两者的优点，避免缺点。这样的文章是最合情合理的，优点是非常的reasonable。缺点是这种文章的长度比我们前面说到的第一种类型的文章，至少要长出1/3。而你写的越长就越容易犯句子语法和结构，以及拼写的错误。所以如果你的写作水平很一般的话，就不要用这种

写法。但是如果你的写作水平很高的话，我建议你用这种写法。尤其是碰到一些我认为只有把两者结合起来才能写好的题目时。所以GRE作文难就难在它的题目比较难。这种题目有两种写作方法，这两种方法都是能拿6分的。

逻辑思维能力的第二步就是怎么写好中间这部分。开头挺好写的，好多同学直接照着题目抄，这大可不必，也挺愚蠢的。GRE作文题目也是可以抄的，但是你最好还是自己写。千篇一律只有几种开头的方法：1。说大话开头法：开头就是一个宏伟的概括;2。幽默一点的开头法。3。从自我经历写起。

下面我们来具体讲一下中间应该怎么写。

首先来讲一下，写这三个理由要避免的几点：

.避免观点重复;不要讲了几遍其实都是一个理由。当你一点就能说明的时候，非要讲三遍就显的有点STUPID了。你要从多个方面来讲道理，而且要尽量把问题具体化。

.避免观点的庸俗化，并考虑美国人能否接受的问题。比如说要避免对任何宗教词批判太多。因为你永远搞不懂给你判分的是信什么教的。不能批判任何政治理想。不能贬低自己所在的国家。美国人最讨厌不爱自己国家的人。避免观点的庸俗化，就是我们说的有些东西可以想，但是不能写出来GRE作文逻辑思路分为两种。一种是问题发挥型，一种是argument/争论型。

对于问题发挥型题目，你怎么发挥，怎么犯逻辑错误都没有问题，只要你能保证你观点的正确，并能用具体的事实证明你的观点。而对于 argument/争论　型题目就不同了。它的出题方式是给你一段话，这段话后再给出一个总结。然后让你挑出它的逻辑错误。需要你作的是.它的结论或者对其加以补充。你只要拿出三点理由把它.就行了。这三点理由从哪里找呢，从文章里面找，从文章的周边关系找，从文章的背后找。

下面举一个例子：现在有一种计算机仪表设备，把它安在商用飞机上之后就必然能避免飞机在空中的碰撞。因为一架飞机发出碰撞信号后，另一架飞机就能接收这个信号并及时采取行动，从而避免飞机碰撞。

这里结论就是飞机必然能避免碰撞。它的因果关系是因为安装了仪表所以能够避免碰撞。你要说的是安装了仪表不一定能避免碰撞。现在你就要找出3点理由来。

1.　文章中没有任何统计数据告诉我们飞机的碰撞百分之百是商用飞机，因此如果避免碰撞，就要在所有飞行物上安装这种仪表。

2.　安装了仪表后，是否需要人来操作。如果是，那么因为有人的原因，就不能避免碰撞。

3.　要是这个仪表系统坏了。

4.　也没有谈到气候问题，卫星干扰问题等干扰因素……

所以Argument文章不需要你有文采，也不需要你有多么好的句子结构，它只是要求你的逻辑没有漏洞。

大家有时间的话务必把AI的提纲都列掉，然后挑重复率高的写。比如ISSUE里面有一道The greatest indicator of a nation....。另外有一点很重要的是，特别是对于A大家在写完几篇文章以后，尽快归纳出针对每一个instruction的模板，question这种可以写成一类，然后背出来。其实老G和新G的区别就在于，老G是一套模板走天下，新G准备4个模板，就这么简单。以后自己联系的时候，就根据模板来套，写到后来你会发现，你写出来的文章，不管题目怎么换，写出来的东西看起来都一样，这样Argument算基本练成了。模板最好自己写，根据头几篇写的文章来归纳，比如说我关于specific evidence这种题型，自己归纳的模板就是：) C) S" c2 t) J

The argument is well presented and appears to be relatively sound at the first glance,the author concludes that__________. However, a close scrutiny about the argument will reveal that several specific evidences should be added in order to make the argument to be more cogent and convincing, for example:_________ d$ C' v1 ? A$ w' n/ @( M% x8 ^

Initially, the author must give evidence that_________. If we were to learn that _______, it would obviously weaken the conclusion. It may turn out to be that_____. To make his assurance eloquent, he must provide more specific evidences to consummate his argument.5 q1 v( D5 L& i

Secondly, in order to______, we should also be informed that_______. In the argument, the author only said that__________. It may undermine the argument that if-_______. Without knowing_______, we can hardly accept the conclusion that______2 ^- }% m- i7 Z

Third, the author should eliminate the disturbance of other factors, for example, he should provide evidences that _______. Perhaps_____ or perhaps________. Either of these scenarios, if true, would cast serious doubt on the author’s claim. Without accounting for all other explanations, the arguer can’t reasonably conclude that___________; U% z$ w' U$ r. f" x1 z" e; Q+ s

kTo sum up, the argument is far from powerful enough to substantiate that______________ Before any final decisions are made about_____________, much more specific evidences are to be put forward to make the author’s argument more forceful and cogent.

真正写的时候，先把第一段和最后一段都写了，然后每段写个第一句，列出框架。最好能在第一段把你要写的内容都先简要概括一下

话题还是回到准备A的过程上，当你归纳出模板以后，接下来要做的事情就很简单了，找到新老题库的对应表，然后自己照着新题库一题一题地把提纲列出来，不会的看一下老题是怎么写的。这个时候不需要写很多文章，只是归纳提纲就行，记住归纳的时候要把可能发生的情况写出来，因为到了考试的时候想不出可以rival的情况那不是悲剧了，比如这个题中的一个evidence：

The reason why students choose Buckingham College.

Perhaps it has qualified teachers.+ m; k& w4 b' n! i

Perhaps tuition fee is lower than colleges at the same level.+ f5 g# z6 G6 `

等你把这两件事情都做完，A的准备就差不多了，以后就是每天花半个小时左右的时间一遍遍熟悉题库。

按照这种方法，我真正准备A的时间只有5天，后来的那段时间都只是每天花半个小时写3篇作文的提纲写的话不用太多，3-4天写一篇保持手感就行了。

关于ISSUE，方法也差不多，主要的问题就是写提纲一定要仔细，把你对这个问题的观点，和引用的例子都写出来，不要想着自己能套一些Roosevelt, King什么的，想想就可以了，没有那么多例子让你套，还是要老老实实准备提纲。我写过一套完整的issue和argument的提纲，写的时候例子也放在提纲里，ISSUE跟A也一样，写完一遍提纲，自己重新看，到最后就是训练自己看到一个题，在2分钟以内迅速组织出一个比较详细的提纲。这样ISSUE的准备也就差不多了。 L7 a0 O5 R$ ?3 E: Y

三.修辞学的能力

修辞学的能力也是非常重要的。比如比喻、排比等等，他们能带来力量和说服力。

新GRE写作Argument范文

Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument.

From a letter to the editor of a city newspaper.

"One recent research study has indicated that many adolescents need more sleep than they are getting, and another study has shown that many high school students in our city are actually dissatisfied with their own academic performance. As a way of combating these problems, the high schools in our city should begin classes at 8:30 A.M. instead of 7:30 A.M., and end the school day an hour later. This arrangement will give students an extra hour of sleep in the morning, thereby making them more alert and more productive. Consequently, the students will perform better on tests and other assignments, and their academic skills will improve significantly."

Butter has now been replaced by margarine in Happy Pancake House restaurants throughout the southwestern United States. Only about 2 percent of customers have complained, indicating that 98 people out of 100 are happy with the change. Furthermore, many servers have reported that a number of customers who still ask for butter do not complain when they are given margarine instead. Clearly, either these customers cannot distinguish margarine from butter, or they use the term "butter" to refer to either butter or margarine. Thus, to avoid the expense of purchasing butter, the Happy Pancake House should extend this cost-saving change to its restaurants in the southeast and northeast as well.

Many employees of major United States corporations are fearful that they will lose their jobs in the near future, but this fear is largely unfounded. According to a recent study, a majority of companies expected to make new hires in the coming year, while fewer companies expected to lay off employees. In addition, although it is very disturbing to be laid off, the proliferation of programs and of workshops designed to improve job-finding skills has made being laid off far less painful than it once was.

In the Bayhead Public Library, books that are rarely borrowed continue to take up shelf space year after year, while people who want to read a recent novel frequently find that the library‘s only copy is checked out. Clearly, the library‘s plan to replace books that are borrowed no more than once a year with sufficient copies of more recent books will solve this problem. The protest we have heard since this plan was made public has come from a small, and thus unrepresentative, group of some thirty people and so should therefore be ignored.

新GRE写作Argument范文

Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument.

The following is a letter that recently appeared in the Oak City Gazette, a local newspaper.

"Membership in Oak City‘s Civic Club-a club whose primary objective is to discuss local issues-should continue to be restricted to people who live in Oak City. People who work-in Oak City but who live elsewhere cannot truly understand the business and politics of the city. It is important to restrict membership to city residents because only residents pay city taxes and therefore only residents understand how the money could best be used to improve the city. At any rate, restricting membership in this way is unlikely to disappoint many of the nonresidents employed in Oak City, since neighboring Elm City‘s Civic Club has always had an open membership policy, and only twenty-five nonresidents have joined Elm City‘s Club in the last ten years."

The following appeared in the annual report from the president of the National Brush Company.

"In order to save money, we at the National Brush Company have decided to pay our employees for each brush they produce instead of for the time they spend producing brushes. We believe that this policy will lead to the production of more and better brushes, will allow us to reduce our staff size, and will enable the company factories to operate for fewer hours-resulting in savings on electricity and security costs. These changes will ensure that the best workers keep their jobs and that the company will earn a profit in the coming year."

The following is a memorandum written by the director of personnel to the president of the Cedar Corporation.

"It would be a mistake to rehire the Good-Taste Company to supply the food in our employee cafeteria next year. It is the second most expensive caterer in the city. In addition, its prices have risen in each of the last three years, and it refuses to provide meals for people on special diets. Just last month three employees complained to me that they no longer eat in the cafeteria because they find the experience ‘unbearable.‘ Our company should instead hire Discount Foods. Discount is a family-owned local company and it offers a varied menu of fish and poultry. I recently tasted a sample lunch at one of the many companies that Discount serves and it was delicious-an indication that hiring Discount will lead to improved employee satisfaction."

The following is a recommendation from the personnel director to the president of Acme Publishing Company.

"Many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity. One graduate of the course was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours; another graduate rose from an assistant manager to vice president of the company in under a year. Obviously, the faster you can read, the more information you can absorb in a single workday. Moreover, Easy Read costs only $500 per employee-a small price to pay when you consider the benefits to Acme. Included in this fee is a three-week seminar in Spruce City and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Read newsletter. Clearly, Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of our employees to take the Easy Read course."

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