高分GRE考试作文如何写
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高分GRE考试作文如何写
1. 必须研究范文
研究范文,尤其是5分和6分的范文是非常重要的。因为范文可以说是最权威的辅导资料。要求不是简单的熟读和背诵,而是逐字逐句的体会作者的意思及修辞。看范文的同时也要看ETS对范文的评论,非常精彩,也可以参考学习。这会非常有利于理解考试所考的重点。
2. 养成联想思维能力
必须要做到形成惯性思维,考试时间非常紧张,只有有充分思维准备的人,才能驾轻就熟,运用自如。题目中提到politics,大脑中就应当出现Franklin Roosevelt, Lincoln, Gerhard Schroeder, Gandhi; 提到art,就该想到Rembrandt, Van Gogh, Starry night, night watch, Hemmingway, the old man and the sea; 提到Scandal,就该想到Nixon,Watergate,bill Clinton,sex sandal,Enron。总之,熟练非常重要.
3. 借鉴别人的文章
学习他人的文章和写作思路,是提高自己水平的有效途径。参考优秀的高分满分作文,学习词汇和句式的用法,总结经验心得,对于自己的提升也是巨大的。
4. 多动脑筋多思考
多写不如多改,多改不如多想,针对写作思路,自我总结,思考适合自己的写作方式,思考自己擅长的论证方法,总之,要多想。活跃思维的同时也提高了思考能力。
5. 通读GRE作文题库
GRE作文的题库是完全开放的,考前把题目都过一遍,了解其中的思路和写作方式,在考试中碰到可以大量节省时间,提高写作效率。
6. 准备原创作文例子
必须要有自己的例子。没有哪个考官会喜欢几百号人都说Van Gogh, Einstein, Curie。要结合自身经历,准备一些比较独家又有代表性的例子。
GRE写作高分经验:模仿别人的优秀文章
所有的写作都是从模仿开始。参考他人的文章,学习别人的写法,最后写出自己的文章。模仿有几个前提条件:
1.要有可以模仿的文章(最好是带有说理性的文章)
2.要理解这篇文章,理解它的用词、句子结构、段落结构
3.这些文章最好具备正确的中文翻译和适当的文章长度
具体做法:首先分析文章,分析每一句和上一句的关系。美国人写作文的一个特点是,通常每段的第一句就包含整段文字的内容,也就是我们常说的topic sentence。另一个特点是当你写完一个句子后,你要多问为什么。提出一个问题,然后给出一个圆满的回答,这就是一篇优秀的作文。
GRE写作高分经验:提高逻辑思维能力
在众多英语类写作考试中,托福写作是相对容易的。因为它的作文题本身非常简单,看到一个作文题你几乎就知道该怎么写。而GRE作文就相对复杂了。GRE作文方式永远是两种态度,两种方式让你选择。它永远是有对照性的。TOEFL作文考:“吃饭是在家里吃好,还是到饭店里吃好”; GRE作文考得就是:“在我们这个社会中间,现在专业人士太多了,而有综合知识的人太少了。你认为我们是更需要具有专业知识的人呢,还是需要具有广博知识的人?”TOEFL考生活、学习;GRE考日常学术行为。但是不管它出什么题目,总是会摆出两种态度供你选择。另外,GRE的作文题目是提前发给你的,考试时出的题目绝不会超出它事先发给你的题目。GRE决不会出让学生看不懂的题目。所出的题目永远是世界性的,不涉及民族、宗教、政治色彩。
所以,真正写的时候,先把第一段和最后一段都写了,然后每段写个第一句,列出框架。最好能在第一段把你要写的内容都先简要概括一下。最后自己再总结一下这个框架的逻辑结构,看看有没有什么问题。
关于ISSUE,方法也差不多,主要的问题就是写提纲一定要仔细,把你对这个问题的观点,和引用的例子都写出来,准备好写作提纲。写的例子要放在提纲里,ISSUE跟A也一样,写完一遍提纲,自己重新看,到最后就是训练自己看到一个题,在2分钟以内迅速组织出一个比较详细的提纲。这样ISSUE的准备也就差不多了。
GRE写作范文:忠诚
GRE写作题目:
Most people are taught that loyalty is a virtue. But loyalty-whether to one‘s friends, to one’s school or place of employment, or to any institution-is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force.
大多数人被告知忠诚是一种美德。但是无论是对朋友、对学校、对单位还是对任何机构,忠诚时常都是弊大于利的。
GRE写作范文:
I disagree with the author for he has confused the faithfulness with the misguided or overextended loyalty. In fact, loyalty does be a cherished virtue that should be given enough emphasis.
Loyalty, a kind of lasting persistence and its precondition is that the subject of fidelity is worthy of such strong emotion. In each society, loyalty is a indispensable and vital part of the system of morality. No matter in schools, at home or at work, first midst and last, people accept a similar education that as an individual, he or she should first have a sense of ligeance, that is work for the whole. Of course, the subjects of loyalty are various including scientific theory, friends, family, schools, places of employment and the nation. A vivid example can lend support to the statement is the heroical astronomer - Bronow, who advanced Copernicus‘ theory that the earth and other planets revolve around the sun, enraged the Roma church that held the Ptolemaic system of astronomy and was burnt to death just because he refused to give up his scientific theory. It is the lasting loyalty toward truth that lead Bronow to sacrifice himself. And people all respect such duteous spirit. However, without loyalty, the morality of a society will deteriorate into apathy desert and everyone just lives for him /herself, that is to say, no one is willing to pay loyalty to the whole, then finally the human civilization will fall apart.
However, on the other hand, the fidelity should not be confused with misguided or overextended loyalty and the latter is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force. People all hold that mutual loyalty between friends is the basis of lasting friendship. But people should also realize that true loyalty and authentic responsibility for a friend are not only always believing him or her unconditionally but also persuading, helping and even impeaching him or her when him or her has committed serious mistakes or even crimes. Of course, when facing up to such painful dilemma, each one will hesitate because he or she is afraid of being censured to betray his or her friend and some one may choose to keep slient in order to insist of the so-called loyalty.
In fact, such behavior may prevent his or her friend from taking right actions. The same to a school, a family, a company even the nation, when the subject that people once string along with no longer deserves loyalty, people should resolutely choose to be loyal to the truth, the justice and the humanity. That calls for people are always alert to what they think right and what they think wrong, via doing so, people can change their mind for right choice on time.
To sum up, people should insist on true loyalty, and always avoid being the victim of the misguided or overextended loyalty. In the world, there is nothing that can be always absolutely right or wrong and changing happens all the time. So people should always hold deep insight to discern what deserves their loyalty and what does not.
GRE写作官方题库高频ARGUMENT题目满分范文分享:construction of new electric plants
GRE作文官方题库ARGUMENT题目:
The following appeared in a memorandum from the planning department of an electric power company:
"Several recent surveys indicate that homeowners are increasingly eager to conserve energy and manufacturers are now marketing many home appliances, such as refrigerators and air conditioners that are almost twice as energy-efficient as those sold a decade ago. Also, new technologies for better home insulation and passive solar heating are readily available to reduce the energy needed for home heating. Therefore, we anticipate that the total demand for electricity in our area will not increase, and may decline slightly. Since our three electric generating plants in operation for the past 20 years have always met our needs, construction of new generating plants should not be necessary."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
【满分范文赏析】
The author of this memo concludes that there is no need for an additional electric power plant in the area because total electricity demand in the area is not likely to increase in the future. To support this conclusion the author cites the availability of new energy-efficient appliances and systems for homes, and the eagerness of area homeowners to conserve energy. However, the argument relies on several questionable assumptions.
【本段结构】
本文采用了标准的Argument开头段结构,即C—A—F的开头结构。本段首先概括原文的Conclusion,之后简要提及原文为支持其结论所引用的一系列Assumption及细节,最后给出开头段到正文段的过渡句,指出原文的Flaw,即这些Assumption无法让原文逻辑上没有问题。
【本段功能】
作为Argument开头段,本段具体功能就在于发起攻击并概括原文的结论,即因为供电量会下降,没有必要新建额外的发电厂。本段接下来提到了原文中为支持之前的Conclusion所提供的证据,包括新型的节能家电用具以及当地人们想要节约能源的愿望。文章提及这些信息,为是在正文段中对这些Assumption即将进行的具体攻击做铺垫。
First, the author's projection for flat or declining total demand for electricity ignores business and commercial electricity usage. It is entirely possible that area businesses will increase their use of electricity in the future and that total electricity consumption will actually increase despite flat or declining residential demand. The author's projection also ignores the possibility that the number of area residents will increase in the future, thereby resulting in an increase in electricity usage regardless of whether more efficient appliances are used in area homes. Without taking these possibilities into account the recommendation above is incomplete.
【本段结构】
本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构,即先是提及原文的第一个逻辑错误,之后分析该逻辑错误的原因,接下来,进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。
【本段功能】
作为正文第一段,本段攻击原文所犯的第一个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文当中假设当地居民用电量的下降会导致整体上的用电需求量下降,但是这一假设忽视了和用电量相关的其它作用因素,比如商业用电量和当地居民人口。因此在没有考虑这些因素的情况下,原文当中的这个观点是不合理的。
Secondly, the author's conclusion relies on the assumption that area residents have the capability and will purchase the energy-saving appliances and systems that are currently available. Admittedly, the author points out homeowners are "eager to conserve energy." Nevertheless, these homeowners might not be able to afford these new systems and appliances. Moreover, the energy-efficient insulation that the author mentions might only be available for new home construction. In that case, the mere availability of this system will have no effect on total electric usage in existing homes.
【本段结构】
本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构,即先是提及原文的第二个逻辑错误,之后分析该逻辑错误的原因,接下来,进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。
【本段功能】
作为正文第二段,本段攻击原文所犯的第二个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文假设因为新型家用电器的存在,用电量会下降。但是仍旧存在其他因素会对这一预期的结果产生影响。在没有考虑到这些因素的情况下,原文的这个观点是没有说服力的。
A final problem involves the assertion that no new electric power plants are needed because the three existing plants, which are 20 years old, have always been adequate for the area's electric needs. The author fails to account for the possibility that the old plants are themselves less energy efficient than a new plant using new technology would be, or that the old plants need to be replaced due to their age, or for some other reason. Besides, this assertion ignores the possible influx of residents or businesses in the future, thereby increasing the demand for electricity beyond what the three existing plants can meet.
【本段结构】
本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构,即先是提及原文的第三个逻辑错误,之后分析该逻辑错误的原因,接下来,进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。
【本段功能】
作为正文第三段,本段攻击原文所犯的第三个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文假设既然用电量会下降,那么发电厂设备就不需要更新换代。但是,除此之外还包括其他相关因素会导致不同的结果,比如发电厂的工作效率问题。在没有考虑到这些因素的情况下,原文的这个假设不是合理的。
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