托福阅读四种基本能力必须掌握

在托福的四个单项中，托福阅读成绩会决定你的托福总分下限，而托福听力成绩则会决定你的托福总分上限，下面小编就和大家分享托福阅读27+如何炼就 ,希望能够帮助到大家，快来学习一下吧。

托福阅读27+如何炼就 四种基本能力必须掌握

基本能力NO.1 词汇量一定要足够。

可以在诸如testyourvocab.com这样的网站做测试，测出来的词汇量往往比你的实际词汇量要高，一般来说10000+的测试词汇量比较保险。

想提高基础词汇量，“刷”是最好的方法，不用纠结选择哪本单词书更好，市面上的单词书质量差异并不大，重要的是选定了某本单词书就要能有计划有策略地持之以恒背下去，假如三天打鱼两天晒网，那么选择再好的备考资料也无济于事。

有了一定的基础词汇量之后我们需要做好单词的区分，诸如extensive和intensive，arise和raise，complement和compliment有怎样的不同将变得非常重要。对于托福阅读考试来说，“半瓶醋”最危险，你如果完全不认识某个单词其实没有太大影响，但如果你把单词混淆，结果可能很糟糕。

基本能力NO.2 要有一定的“常识”

虽然ETS官方并不要求考生有某个学科的专业知识，但它毕竟是建立在学术背景下的英语语言能力考察，适当掌握一些学科常考词汇和要点知识非常有必要，知道一个meteorite撞击了Mars之后形成的impact crater是什么确实会更好地帮助你理解文章。托福考试中不少常识都能在高中课本中学到，如果你刚刚开始备考，可以在背学科分类单词的时候，挑出不认识的单词，在英文版的维基百科里查一下解释，这个过程看起来很简单很无趣，但对于建立背景知识很有帮助，还会帮助你记下更多学科高频词汇。

基本能力NO.3 要有“速读”能力

即在一句话当中筛选出重要信息的能力。

一篇托福阅读的文章，其中有30%-50%的信息其实对于解题并没有太大影响。比如这样的一句话：Recent measurements made in the field together with laboratory simulations offer a promising explanation of how this structure of charged particles forms.你需要读的部分只有： how this structure of charged particles forms - 因为比起研究结论来说，我们并没有那么关心到底是怎么样的实验可以证明这个结论。22个单词中，我们只需要阅读7个单词，只占句子单词总数的32%。速读不仅能提升你的阅读速度，还帮助你更好地理解文章。

基本能力NO.4 连接信息的能力、形成推断并建立理解的能力

如果说每一个信息点是一座孤岛，在信息点之间搭建桥梁，并将桥梁延伸出去，就是阅读理解的过程。比如下面的一段话，有如下的几个信息点：

The story of the westward movement of population in the United States is, in the main, the story of the expansion of American agriculture—of the development of new areas for the raising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton. After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy. During periods when commodity prices were high, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly. "Old America seemed to be breaking up and moving westward," observed an English visitor in 1817,during the first great wave of migration. Emigration to the West reached a peak in the 1830's. Whereas in 1810 only a seventh of the American people lived west of the Appalachian Mountains, by 1840 more than a third lived there.

美国人西部大迁徙和农业的扩张相伴而行。

1815年后，交通大发达，让西部农民进入全国市场。

商品价格高的时候，西迁速度增加。

1830年，西迁达到顶峰。

1810年，1/7的美国人在西边，而1840年，1/3的美国人住在那里。

如果我们可以建立这样的连接：

美国人的西部大迁徙和农业有很大关系 - 交通发达能让农民的农产品更容易地卖掉，农产品价格的升高让农民赚更多的钱，这两个因素让美国农民更愿意往西部迁徙。

根据文章的意思可以做这样的合理推断 - 西部迁徙最晚从1810年开始，在1830年当年迁徙到西部的人最多，而到1840年，向西部的迁徙可能还没有停止。而商品价格升高和交通的发达有很大概率在1810-1840年代发生。

根据已有的信息连接建立的推断就是“理解”。而阅读理解中最难的题目都是在考察最深层的“理解”。而这也是达到托福阅读27+最后、也最关键的一步。

综上所述，想要托福阅读突破27+，我们需要具备过硬的词汇功底、适当的常识、学会速读、具备将零散信息点建立联系与推断的能力。拥有这四大基本能力， 我们可以顺利实现托福阅读高分，进而提升其他各单项的能力和分数，最终拥抱托福总分100+的圆满。

托福阅读真题原题+题目

Molting is one of the most involved processes of a bird's annual life cycle. Notwithstanding preening and constant care, the marvelously intricate structure of a bird's feather inevitably wears out. All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, and upon close observation, one can recognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that are nearing the end of their useful life. Two distinct processes are involved in molting. The first step is when the old, worn feather is dropped, or shed. The second is when a new feather grows in its place. When each feather has been shed and replaced, then the molt can be said to be complete. This, however, is an abstraction that often does not happen: incomplete, overlapping, and arrested molts are quite common.

Molt requires that a bird find and process enough protein to rebuild approximately one-third of its body weight. It is not surprising that a bird in heavy molt often seems listless and unwell. But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration. Generally, molt occurs at the time of least stress on the bird. Many songbirds, for instance, molt in late summer, when the hard work of breeding is done but the weather is still warm and food still plentiful. This is why the woods in late summer often seem so quiet, when compared with the exuberant choruses of spring.

Molt of the flight feathers is the most highly organized part of the process. Some species, for example, begin by dropping the outermost primary feathers on each side (to retain balance in the air) and wait until the replacement feathers are about one-third grown before shedding the next outermost, and so on. Others always start with the innermost primary feathers and work outward. Yet other species begin in the middle and work outward on both sides. Most ducks shed their wing feathers at once, and remain flightless for two or three weeks while the replacement feathers grow.

1. The passage mainly discusses how

(A) birds prepare for breeding

(B) bird feathers differ from species

(C) birds shed and replace their feathers

(D) birds are affected by seasonal changes

2. The word Notwithstanding in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) despite

(B) because of

(C) instead of

(D) regarding

3. The word intricate in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) regular

(B) complex

(C) interesting

(D) important

4. The word random in line 12 is closest in meaning to

(A) unfortunate

(B) unusual

(C) unobservable

(D) unpredictable

5. The word optimal in line 13 is closest in meaning to

(A) slow

(B) frequent

(C) best

(D) early

6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason that songbirds molt in the late summer?

(A) Fewer predators are in the woods.

(B) The weathers are still warm.

(C) The songbirds have finished breeding.

(D) Food is still available.

7. Some birds that are molting maintain balance during flight by

(A) constantly preening and caring for their remaining feathers

(B) dropping flight feathers on both sides at the same time

(C) adjusting the angle of their flight to compensate for lost feathers

(D) only losing one-third of their feathers

8. The word Others in line 21 refers to

(A) ducks

(B) sides

(C) species

(D) flight feathers

9. The author discusses ducks in order to provide an example of birds that

(A) grow replacement feathers that are very long

(B) shed all their wing feathers at one time

(C) keep their innermost feathers

(D) shed their outermost feathers first

10. It can be inferred from the discussion about ducks that the molting of their flight feathers

takes

(A) a year

(B) a season

(C) several months

(D) a few weeks

PASSAGE 62 CABDC ABCBD