托福阅读修辞目的题解题思路实例讲解

托福阅读修辞目的题解题思路实例讲解 ，两道真题讲解高效技巧。今天小编给大家带来托福阅读修辞目的题解题思路实例讲解,希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读修辞目的题解题思路实例讲解 两道真题讲解高效技巧

托福阅读修辞目的题介绍

修辞目的题是常见于托福阅读部分的一种题型，这里的“修辞”并不是考查修辞方法，而是涉及相应段落在文章中的作用，如：总结，回答问题，反驳，解释说明等。而“目的”则是考查对文章展开形式的把握，是否了解到文章的结构为：观点+细节。

一般来说，题干长这样：“why does author mention ”注意这里的why不是定位文中的because来找答案，而是应采取这样一种思维即：题干作为一个细节，其存在的价值是为了支撑前面出现的观点，所以答案在题干细节出现的位置前面去找，也就是找到观点 (注意避开其他同样支撑观点的细节)

托福阅读修辞目的题实例讲解

实例1：

The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.

1. Why does the author mention that Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight?

A.To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from each other.

B.To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are.

C.To provide evidence that airplane engine have studied the design of fish bodies.

D.To demonstrate a similarity in design between certain fishes and airplanes.

本题中的利用题干中的landing gear很好定位，答案在此信息之前，文章作者用airplane来举例说明landing gear的功能，它受到这个的启发来自于fin are tucked into the grooves ordepressions(鱼鳍藏于侧身凹槽而不会破坏其本身的流线型题型)。而CD选项都提到了design, 但是C提到 了airplane engine，这一概念文中并未提及，所以是错误的，正确答案是D项。

实例2：

Paragraph 6: But neither the human imitativeinstinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater.Therefore, additional explanations are needed. One necessary condition seems tobe a somewhat detached view of human problems. For example, one sign of thiscondition is the appearance of the comic vision, since comedy requires sufficientdetachment to view some deviations from social norms as ridiculous rather thanas serious threats to the welfare of the entire group. Another condition thatcontributes to the development of autonomous theater is the emergence of theaesthetic sense.

2. Why does the author mention “comedy”?

A. To give an example of early types of theater.

B. To explain how theater helps a society respond to threats to its welfare.

C. To help explain why detachment is needed for the development of theater.

D. To show how theatrical performers become detached from other members of society.

本题中的comedy虽为一个小词，看似不起眼，但是它所存在的句子，句首为for example，这就构成了明显的举例关系，所以答案还是在前面找这个例子所证明的观点。第一句中的neither直接否定了两个观点，后面出现的therefore带起的句子是个过渡，第三句中才给出了detached view这一观点，因此看A项中没有detached相关的内容，排除，B项提到了welfare，无关信息，排除。C和D提到了detach但是D项中的other members没有提到。故，选C。

托福阅读长难句实战向分析演练：Estimates indicate that...

托福阅读长难句实例

Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.

句子分析

本句逗号比较多，容易使人看不清主要意思。本句中的but unfortunately引起前后两句的转折关系，在前半句中，indicate that引导的宾语从句，表达观点。在后半句中，核心意思是rates of addition of the aquifer are minimal，而其前面under the semiarid climatic conditions这个介词短语后有that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的conditions，最后amounting to(相当于)是现在分词作状语，对核心意思进行补充说明。

单词回顾

本句有一些地质学的词汇，比如：aquifer 蓄水层，semiarid 半干旱的，rates of addition 补水的速率。另外，请注意rate除了有“比率”的意思，还可以作动词，表示“评估，评价”，比如：This is rated as a five-star hotel. 这家酒店被评为五星级。She doesn’t rate herself very highly. 她自视不高。最后，amount to表示“相当于”，比如：a cargo amounting to 2,000 tons 共计2,000吨货物。

句子翻译

我们可以这样翻译：“据估计，奥加拉拉蓄水层含有足够的水来填满休伦湖。但不幸的是，在目前处于该地区的半干旱气候的影响下，该蓄水层的补水率极低，总计每年大概半厘米左右。”

托福阅读长难句实战向分析演练：According to conventional...

托福阅读长难句实例

According to conventional theory, yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy and serves the function of increasing alertness by reversing, through deeper breathing, the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallow breathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.

句子分析

这句话来自于官方真题Official 18的第二篇文章"The Mystery of Yawning"，是很多同学读到普遍觉得比较难懂的句子哦!首先，我们要找到句子的中心点，即主干的谓语动词，本句有两个并列的谓语动词：分别是takes place和serves。其次，本句的难点之一在于：through deeper breathing是一个插入语，造成理解干扰，其实可以先跳过不读，直接把该插入语前后的内容连起来，就是by reversing the drop in blood oxygen levels，其后that are caused by... 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的blood oxygen levels。最后，本句的另一个难点则是：在这个定语从句里面，又镶嵌了另一个定语从句：that accompanies... 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的breathing。

单词回顾

从词汇上看，conventional表示“常规的;符合习俗的”，比如：conventional weapons 常规武器。yawn指的是“打哈欠”。alertness作名词，指的是“警觉;机敏”。reverse作动词，表示“使逆转;倒退”，比如：The damage done to the ozone layer may be reversed. 对臭氧层造成的破坏可以被逆转。shallow表示“浅的”，比如：a shallow analysis of the contemporary society 对当今社会浅显的分析。accompany作动词，表示“伴随;伴奏”，比如：Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 闪电通常伴有雷声。The singer was accompanied at the piano by his pupil. 演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。

句子翻译

最后，一起来读下这句话的翻译吧，“根据传统理论，当人们觉得无聊或者困倦时会打哈欠。睡眠不足或者感觉无聊会引起浅呼吸，而浅呼吸会引起血液中含氧量减少，打哈欠可以通过深呼吸来逆转这种血液含氧量的减少，进而起到提高人体警觉的作用。”

托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：Wild life zoologist...

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

Wild life zoologist Hulmut Buechner(1953), in reviewing the nature of biotic changes in Washington through recorded time, says that "since the early 1940s, the state has had more deer than at any other time in its history, the winter population fluctuating around approximately 320,000 deer ( mule and black-tailed deer), which will yield about 65,000 of either sex and any age annually for an indefinite period".

词汇讲解：

biotic /baɪ'ɒtɪk/ adj. 关于生命的，生物的

fluctuate /'flʌktʃʊeɪt/ v. 涨落，波动

approximately /ə'prɑksɪmətli/ adv. 大约

yield /jiːld/ v. 生产，产生;屈服，让步

结构划分：

Wild life zoologist Hulmut Buechner(1953), (in reviewing the nature of biotic changes in Washington through recorded time), says that ("since the early 1940s, ) the state has had more deer than at any other time in its history, (the winter population fluctuating around approximately 320,000 deer (mule and black-tailed deer), ) (which will yield about 65,000 of either sex and any age annually for an indefinite period".)

深度分析：

修饰一：(in reviewing the nature of biotic changes in Washington through recorded time)，插入语，其中还有两个介词(in Washington) (through recorded time)

中文：回顾在华盛顿有记录的时间内生物变化的特性

修饰二：(since the early 1940s) ，介词短语

中文：自从20世纪40年代早期

修饰三：(the winter population fluctuatingaround approximately 320,000 deer (mule and black-tailed deer)) ，大家能看懂这个修饰即可。其实这里有一个独立主格结构，嗯，好吧，不知道也能看懂的。

中文：冬季鹿群的数量在大约32万只鹿(杂交鹿和黑尾鹿)左右波动

修饰四：(which will yield about 65,000 of either sex and any age annually for an indefinite period".)，从句，修饰winter population，其中for an indefinite period表示不定期

中文：这些鹿群每年将会不定期繁殖出各个年龄段的公鹿和母鹿各大约6.5万只

主干：Wild lifezoologist Hulmut Buechner(1953) says that，后面接宾语从句

参考翻译：

野生动物学家Hulmut Buechner(1953)在回顾华盛顿有记录的时间内生物变化的特性之后说道：“从20世纪40年代早期，华盛顿州拥有鹿的数量比以历史任何时期都多，冬季鹿群的数量在大约32万只鹿(杂交鹿和黑尾鹿)左右波动，这些鹿群每年将会不定期繁殖出各个年龄段的公鹿和母鹿各大约6.5万只”。