托福阅读考场实战经验汇总介绍
托福阅读考场实战经验汇总介绍
托福阅读考场实战经验汇总介绍, 提升发挥表现看过来。今天小编给大家带来了 托福阅读考场实战经验汇总介绍 ,希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读考场实战经验汇总介绍 提升发挥表现看过来
托福阅读考场实战经验：灵活运用电脑屏幕中的按键
在这里要提醒考生们，托福有两个按键常常被考生忽略，review和view text，第一个键可以用于检查自己漏做或者是忘做的题目，第二个键在做prose summary时浏览全文，抓主要意思中心句式使用。
托福阅读考场实战经验：根据不同文章适当做笔记
托福考试中会有三张专用草稿纸，同学们可以在做个别题目比如句子简化题时可以在草稿纸上记录下重要的讯息，以免同学们昏花到看漏看错等低级错误发生。
托福阅读考场实战经验：仔细审题看清题目考点和题型
托福考试中不同题型有着不同的做题顺序和做题方式，首先同学们要仔细看清楚了考查的题型是什么，比如有没有suggest，imply这类的单词，因为这种inference题型，答案是不会直接出现在原文中的。factual information和negative factual information是有个not 或者except的区别哦。
托福阅读素材：苹果手机销量首次下滑
IPhone sales have fallen for the first time, as the global smartphone market grew at its slowest rate in eight years.
目前全球智能手机市场发展速度呈现八年来最低，而苹果手机销量也首次出现了下滑现象。
Sales of Apple's high-end smartphones suffered their first ever year-on year decline of 4.4 per cent, according to market analyst Gartner.
据市场分析机构高德纳公司称，相比去年同期，苹果高端智能手机的销量首次下降了4.4%。
South Korean rival Samsung market share also slipped throughout the year to 22.5 per cent, a decline of 2.2 per cent, but was enough to maintain its position as the world's most popular smartphone vendor. In total, Samsung shipped around 320 million units throughout 2015 globally, compared to Apple's 225 million - some 15.9 per cent of the market.
作为苹果公司的劲敌，韩国三星电子公司2015全年的市场份额同样下跌至了22.5%，减幅为2.2%，尽管如此，却也不影响三星成为世界上最受欢迎的智能手机供应商。2015年三星手机全球销量总计达3.2亿台，而苹果手机销量仅为2.25亿台，约占据世界手机市场的15.9%。
Consequently Apple's share of the smartphone operating system market also fell, from 20.4 per cent in the final months of 2014 to 17.7 per cent in the third quarter of 2015.
相应地，苹果公司智能手机操作系统的市场份额也相应下跌，由2014年第四季度的20.4%减至2015年第三季度的17.7%。
Google's Android share rose 4.7 per cent from 76 per cent the previous year to 80.7 per cent in 2015.
谷歌的安卓操作系统份额增加了4.7个百分点，从2014年的76%增至2015年的80.7%。
The statistics are indicative of the wider slowdown in smartphone sales, as consumers in developed markets own more smartphones and tablets than ever before, and are replacing them at a slower rate than in the past. Weak international currency and fears of economic slowdown - particularly in China - are also contributing factors.
这些数据显示了智能手机销量普遍下滑的趋势，其原因在于：如今，发达国家消费群体持有的智能手机和平板电脑数量比之前增加不少，买新换旧的速度也较之前减慢。当然，还有一些其他的影响因素，比如疲软的国际货币形势，以及人们对于经济衰退的忧患意识，特别是在中国。
In total, around 1.4 billion smartphones were shipped last year, which, while a 9.4 per cent rise over the same period in 2014, was the slowest rate of growth in the sector since its early days in 2008.
去年全球智能手机的全球销量总计达14亿台，虽说相较于2014年同期增长了9.4个百分点，但从2008年开始的智能手机市场发展情况来看，手机销量增速却创下了新低。
Chinese vendor Huawei was the year's success story after increasing its sales by 53 per cent, making it the world's third-largest vendor. Huawei previously announced it sold more than 100 million smartphones during 2015, a figure Gartner places at around 104 million.
中国手机厂商华为公司的销售量增加了53%，成为世界上第三大手机供应商，这无疑是去年的成功神话了。华为公司先前宣称其2015年的手机销量为1亿台，而据高德纳公司发布的数据，大约为1.04亿台。
Fellow China-based brand Xiaomi's sales were revealed to be worse than predicted, after the company claimed to have sold more than 70 million units during 2015, down from its previous estimate of 80 million, which had been revised from the original projection of 100 million. According to Gartner, the company sold closer to 65 million smartphones.
据透露，另一个中国品牌——小米手机的销售量却远低于预期。之前，小米公司称2015年小米手机已售出7000万台，低于8000万台的销售预期，这个销售预期是经过修改的，原本的预期为1亿台。据高德纳公司称，小米公司智能手机销售量仅为近6500万台。
The 'others' band, which includes LG, HTC, Sony and BlackBerry, accounted for just under 45 per cent of the total market in 2015, selling some 635 million phones.
2015年，LG、HTC、索尼、黑莓等其他手机品牌在手机市场中占据的份额不足45%，售出的手机总量仅有6.35亿台左右。
Mobile World Congress, the world's largest mobile phone symposium, is set to kick off in Barcelona at the end of this week. New smartphones from Samsung, LG and Xiaomi are expected to invigorate this year's mobile release cycle, while Apple is widely rumoured to be preparing to launch a new entry-level handset called the iPhone 5se at a separate event on March 15, before going on sale three days later. The iPhone 7 is expected to be released in September.
世界移动通信大会是世界上最大的移动手机研讨会，定于本周末在西班牙巴塞罗纳召开。三星、LG和小米公司的新款智能手机都将在今年的手机发布周期中亮相，争相斗艳，另有广为流传的消息称苹果公司预计在3月15日单独举行发布会，发行一款新型初端智能手机，名为“苹果5se”，并将在发布结束的三天后开始上市销售。另外，苹果7预计在今年9月份发行。
托福阅读背景：茶和咖啡哪个更适合你
Countless arguments have been waged over the superiority of one beverage over the other. But what does the scientific evidence say?
关于这两种饮料孰优孰劣的问题已经引发了无数争论。但是科学证据是怎样的呢?
George Orwell may have written that “tea is one of the mainstays of civilization in this country” – but even we British have to acknowledge that our national drink is facing stiff competition from the espressos, cappuccinos, and lattes invading our shores.
乔治·奥威尔或许写过“茶是这个国家文明的一个支柱”这样的句子——但我们英国人也要承认，随着浓咖啡、卡布奇诺和拿铁侵入国门，我们的全民饮料正面临着激烈的竞争。
Despite the dangers of wading into such a charged argument, BBC Future decided to weigh up the relative merits of each drink. There’s no accounting for taste, of course, but we have combed the scientific literature for their real, measurable effects on our body and mind.
尽管探讨这个敏感话题充满风险，“BBC未来”栏目还是决定对每种饮品的相对优点进行评估。当然，百人百味，但通过精心梳理科学文献，我们找出了它们对人体和大脑真实的、可测量的影响。
The wake-up call
醒脑剂
For many, the caffeine kick is the primary reason we choose either beverage; it’s the oil to our engines when we’re still feeling a bit creaky in the morning. Based purely on its composition, coffee should win hands down: a cup of tea has about half the dose (40 milligrams) of the stimulant caffeine that you would find in a standard cup of brewed filter coffee (80 to 115 milligrams). Yet this doesn’t necessarily reflect the jolt of the wake-up call.
对许多人来说，咖啡因的兴奋作用是我们选择这两种饮料的主要原因;在睡眼惺忪的清晨，咖啡因就像石油一样，给我们身体的引擎以能量。只考虑成分的话，咖啡可以轻松获胜：一杯茶的咖啡因含量(40毫克)大约只有标准杯过滤咖啡(80至115毫克)的一半。然而，这并非反映了它们的醒脑作用。
Dosing subjects with either tea or coffee, one study found that both beverages left subjects feeling similarly alert later in the morning.
通过让被试者饮用一定量的茶或咖啡，一项研究发现，这两种饮料都能让受试者在早晨晚些时候感到同样清醒。
Verdict: Against logic, tea seems to provide just as powerful a wake-up call as coffee. It’s a draw.
结论：虽然逻辑上讲不通，但茶跟咖啡的醒脑作用似乎不相上下。平局。
Sleep quality
睡眠质量
The biggest differences between coffee and tea may emerge once your head hits the pillow.
咖啡和茶之间最大的差异或许将集中体现在睡眠上。
Comparing people drinking the same volume of tea or coffee over a single day, researchers at the University of Surrey in the UK confirmed that although both drinks lend similar benefits to your attention during the day, coffee drinkers tend to find it harder to drop off at night – perhaps because the higher caffeine content finally catches up with you.
通过对比研究每天饮用等量的茶或咖啡的人，英国萨里大学的研究人员证实，尽管两种饮料在白天对注意力集中的作用差不多，但或许是因为咖啡里的咖啡因含量更高，喝咖啡的人晚上更难入睡。
Tea drinkers, in contrast, had longer and more restful slumbers.
相比之下，喝茶的人睡得更久更香。
Verdict: Tea offers many of the benefits of coffee, without the sleepless nights – a clear win.
结论：茶不仅拥有咖啡的许多好处，还不会带来不眠之夜——完胜
Tooth staining
牙齿变黄
Along with red wine, coffee and tea are both known to turn our pearly whites a murky yellow and brown. But which is worse?
众所周知，红酒、咖啡和茶都会把洁白的牙齿慢慢染成暗黄色或棕褐色。但哪个最糟糕?
Most dentists seem to agree that tea’s natural pigments are more likely to adhere to dental enamel than coffee’s – particularly if you use a mouthwash containing the common antiseptic chlorhexidine, which seems to attract and bind to the microscopic particles.
大多数牙医似乎一致认为，茶中的天然色素比咖啡的更易附着于牙釉质之上——尤其当你使用常见的洗必泰漱口水时，其中的消毒洗必泰能吸引并聚合微观粒子。
Verdict: If you want a perfect smile, coffee may be the lesser of two evils.
结论：如果你想展现完美笑容，两害相权取其轻，咖啡也许还好一点。
A balm for troubled souls…
不安灵魂的慰藉……
In England, it’s common to give “tea and sympathy” to a distressed friend – the idea being that a cup of Earl Grey is medicine for troubled minds. In fact, there is some evidence that tea can soothe your nerves: regular tea drinkers do tend to show a calmer physiological response to unsettling situations (such as public speaking), compared to people drinking herbal infusions. Overall, people who drink three cups a day appear to have a 37% lower risk of depression than those who do not drink tea.
英国人喜欢给烦恼苦闷的朋友送去“茶与同情”——这是由于他们认为伯爵茶能够治愈不安的灵魂。事实上，有证据表明，茶可以舒缓神经：与喝中草药的人相比，经常饮茶者在处理一些令人不安的情况(如公开演讲)时确实表现得更为镇静。总的来说，每天喝三杯茶的人比不喝茶的人罹患抑郁症的风险要低37%。
Coffee doesn’t have the same reputation; indeed, some report that it makes them feel like their nerves are jangling. Yet there is some evidence that it too may protect against long-term mental health problems. A recent “meta-analysis” (summarising the results of studies involving more than 300,000 participants) found that each cup of coffee a day seems to reduce your risk of developing depression by around 8%. In contrast, other beverages (such as sweetened soft drinks) only increase your risk of developing mental health problems.
咖啡并没有这种功效;事实上，有些人觉得咖啡会让人有些神经错乱。但是也有证据表明，咖啡能预防长期精神问题。最近的一项“荟萃分析”(总结了超过30万名参与者的研究结果)发现，每天一杯咖啡的人患抑郁症的风险比常人要低大约8%。相比之下，其他饮料(如甜味软饮)只会增加患精神疾病的风险。
Verdict: Based on this limited evidence, it’s a draw.
结论：基于有限的证据，平局。
…and a balm for bodies……
身体的万金油
Similarly tantalising, though preliminary, epidemiological studies have suggested that both coffee and tea offer many other health-giving benefits. A few cups of either beverage a day appears to reduce your risk of diabetes, for instance.
流行病学研究虽然才刚刚起步，但也很吸睛。该领域研究表明，咖啡和茶都对身体还有其它益处。例如，每天喝几杯会降低患糖尿病的风险。
Both drinks also seem to moderately protect the heart, although the evidence seems to be slightly stronger for coffee, while tea also appears to be slightly protective against developing a range of cancers – perhaps because of its antioxidants.
饮用这两种饮料能对心脏起到一定的保护作用，尽管证据显示似乎咖啡的功效更强，但许是因为茶中的抗氧化剂，茶对预防癌症也有些许功效。
Verdict: Another draw – both drinks are a surprising, health-giving elixir.
结论：还是平局——这两种饮料都是神奇的、有益健康的灵丹妙药。
Overall verdict: Much as we Brits would have liked tea to come out the clear victor, we have to admit there is little between the two drinks besides personal taste. Based solely on the fact that it allows you to get a better night’s sleep, we declare tea the winner.
总结：大部分英国人都会觉得茶很明显更胜一筹。但除了个人口味，必须承认的是两者的差异并不大。仅仅基于能让人好眠这一点，茶无疑是赢家。
Vocabulary
pigment: 色素
dental enamel: 牙釉质
antioxidant: 抗氧化剂
elixir: 万能药
托福阅读背景之“Earl Grey Tea”
Earl Grey is a blend of Indian and Sri Lankan teas. Although considered a specific type or variety of tea, today, any black tea with bergamot flavor added is considered an Earl Grey tea.
The Earl Grey blend is named after Charles Grey, the second Earl Grey of Howick (1764-1845), who was one of the leading British statesmen of the late 18th Century and early 19th Century. Charles Grey was once in charge of the British Navy and went on to become Foreign Secretary. In 1830, he became Prime Minister and presided over the introduction of the Great Reform Act of 1832. The following year, his government abolished slavery throughout the British Empire. But despite these historic achievements, Earl Grey’s name is best known today because of the delicious, delicate, fragrant beverage named in his honour.
There are differing accounts of the origin of Earl Grey tea, but the most popular goes as follows. During his reign as Prime Minister, Earl Grey sent a diplomatic mission to China, where one of the envoys Grey sent saved the life of a Chinese. In gratitude, the Chinese sent the Earl a specially-scented tea. Earl Charles Grey was then reputed to have demanded his tea supplier in London to recreate the tea for him, and the taste became fashionable, eventually spreading worldwide.
The Ingredients of Earl Grey Tea
Despite its reputed Chinese origins, Earl Grey tea doesn’t contain China tea. It is a blend of Indian and Sri Lankan black teas, flavoured with oil of bergamot. The oil is extracted from the peel of the bergamot orange, which is grown mainly in the Calabria region of Italy. Bergamot oil is also commonly used inaromatherapy. Unlike green teas, black teas undergo a full fermentation process, which causes the leaves to turn black and gives them their flavour.
Lady Grey Tea
Lady Grey tea was named after Mary Elizabeth Grey, the wife of Charles Grey. Lady Grey tea is a variation on the more famous Earl Grey blend. It consists of green China tea scented with oil of bergamot, lemon peel and orange peel.
How to Serve Earl Grey Tea
Many people prefer to enjoy Earl Grey without milk and with a slice of lemon. They find that the tang ofcitrus that comes from the oil of bergamot makes Earl Grey tea particularly suited to being served with lemon.
Some others prefer their Earl Grey on its own, with nothing added. It’s all a matter of personal taste. But one thing that most Earl Grey enthusiasts can probably agree upon is that the tea should be left to stand for at least two or three minutes after the boiling water has been added, in order for its full flavour to emerge.
Resist that tempting aroma for a couple of minutes, and let your Earl Grey tea brew. It’s well worth the wait.
格雷伯爵茶是一种印度和斯里兰卡茶叶为基质的调味茶。尽管伯爵茶被认为是一种特殊种类的茶品，今天，任何添加了佛手柑油的红茶都可以通称为伯爵茶。
格雷伯爵茶是以查尔斯•格雷，即格雷二世伯爵(1764-1845)命名的。查尔斯•格雷是英国18世纪末和19世纪初最重要的政治家之一，曾执掌英国海军，随后又担任了英国的外交部长。1830年，他成为了英国首相，并主持了1832年《改革法案》的推行。1833年，他的政府在整个大英帝国范围内废除了奴隶制，尽管有如此多的历史功绩，今天，格雷伯爵的名字还是因了这种美味清香的茶饮而广为人知。
关于格雷伯爵茶的起源有着多种解释，最广为流传的一种解释如下：在担任首相期间，格雷伯爵曾派外交使团去往中国，在中国期间，他手下的一名使节救了一个中国人的命。出于感激，那位北京人送给伯爵一种有着独特香味的茶饮。后来，格雷伯爵命伦敦的茶叶商重新为他配制这种茶饮，这种口味的茶饮开始流行起来，最终风行了世界各地。
格雷伯爵茶的成分
尽管风传格雷茶起源于中国，其茶叶却并不是中国茶。其成分是印度和斯里兰卡红茶，以佛手柑油调味。这种油是从柑橘类水果佛手柑的外皮中提取的，这种植物主要生长在意大利的卡拉布里亚地区。佛手柑油还常常应用于芳香疗法中。与绿茶不同，红茶经历了完全的发酵过程，这使得茶叶呈黑色，同时赋予了其独特的味道。
格雷夫人茶
格雷夫人茶是以查尔斯•格雷的夫人玛丽•伊丽莎白•格雷命名的。格雷夫人茶是更为闻名的格雷伯爵茶的衍生品。它是一种以中国绿茶为基质，加入佛手柑油以及柠檬和柑橘皮提取油的调味茶。
怎样饮茶
饮用伯爵茶时，许多人喜欢不加牛奶，配上一小片柠檬。他们觉得由佛手柑油散发出的强烈的柑橘类味道使得伯爵茶特别适于搭配柠檬饮用。
还有些人喜欢单独饮用伯爵茶，什么调味品也不加，这完全取决于个人口味。但可能大多数伯爵茶爱好者都同意的一点是冲入沸水后，应该等上两三分钟再饮用，以使其香味充分地散发出来。
忍住怡人茶香的诱惑，等待几分钟，让你的伯爵茶得以充分的冲泡，随后你会发现等待是值得的。
Vocabulary:
aromatherapy 芳香疗法，指用天然物质萃取出的油脂、香料等治疗皮肤病的方法
tang 强烈的味道
citrus 柑橘属植物
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