美国历届总统简介：第2任总统 约翰亚当斯
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美国历届总统简介：第2任总统 约翰亚当斯
约翰·亚当斯是美国的第二任总统。John Adams was the second President of the United States.
1735年，他出生在美国的马萨诸塞州。
He was born in Massachusetts in 1735.
他曾在哈佛大学学习法律，并因参加独立运动而闻名。
He studied law at Harvard and became identified with the movement for independence.
革命战争期间，他作为外交官服务于法国和荷兰之间，
During the Revolutionary War he served in France and Holland in diplomatic roles,
并且协助谈判和平条约。
and helped negotiate the peace treaty with France.
从欧洲归来后，他被选为副总统，辅助乔治·华盛顿总统。
He returned from Europe and was elected Vice President under George Washington.
亚当斯连任了两届副总统。
Adams served two terms as Vice President.
白宫评论说：“对一个男人来说，这是一个令人沮丧的经历，它消磨了一个人的活力、智慧以及虚荣。”
The White House describes them as being "frustrating experiences for a man of his vigor, intellect, and vanity".
亚当斯曾向他的妻子阿碧格尔抱怨他所拥有的权利实在太少了。
He complained to his wife Abigail about his frustrations with his sense of a lack of power in his position.
他说道：“我们的国家自做聪明，拿那个最不起眼的职位给我，
He said: "My country has in its wisdom contrived for me the most insignificant office
那个职位简直就像某个人的即兴作品或其凭空捏造出来的东西。”
that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived."
亚当斯第一次担任美国总统时，英法战争给美国带来了许多困扰。
When Adams first became President, the war between the French and British was causing great difficulties for the United States.
该战争阻碍了美国的船舶贸易，
It disrupted trade and shipping to the USA
导致追随不同欧洲势力的美国人之间进行激烈抗争。
and caused fierce rivalries between Americans loyal to each of the European powers.
后来，他决定与法国进行和平谈判，这一决定严重分裂了美国政坛。
His decision to send a peace mission to France badly divided American politics
在1801年的美国总统大选中，亚当斯败给了托马斯·杰斐逊。
and he lost the 1801 election to Thomas Jefferson.
亚当斯退出政坛后，回到了他的农场。
Adams retired from political life and returned to his farm.
他被视为美国最重要的开国元勋之一，
He will be remembered as being one of the key Founding Fathers of the United States
– 开启美国政治王朝的第一人——
and for the first U.S. politician to start a political dynasty –
他的儿子约翰·昆西·亚当斯被选为美国第6任总统。
his son John Quincy became America's sixth President.
1826年7月4日，亚当斯逝世。
Adams died on July 4, 1826. His most memorable words are:
他的名言是：“人民与国家都是在烈火中涅槃重生的。”