美国历届总统简介：第31任总统 赫伯特•克拉克•胡佛

美国历届总统简介：第31任总统 赫伯特•克拉克•胡佛

Herbert Clark Hoover was the 31st President of the United States, serving between 1929 and 1933. He was born in Iowa in 1874. His father was a blacksmith. He enrolled at Stanford University when it opened in 1891,and graduated as a mining engineer. He married his Stanford sweetheart, Lou Henry, and they went to China, where he worked for a private corporation as China's leading engineer.

赫伯特·克拉克·胡佛是美国第31任总统，任期为1929年至1933年。1874年，胡佛出生于爱荷华州。他的父亲是一名铁匠工人。斯坦福大学建于1891年，胡佛曾就读于这所学校，毕业后，他成为了一名采矿工程师。胡佛与他斯坦福的同学-罗·亨利结婚，并前往中国，并在一家私人公司工作，作为中国主要的工程师。

One week before Hoover celebrated his 40th birthday in London, Germany declared war on France, and the American Consul General asked his help in getting stranded tourists home. In six weeks his committee helped 120,000 Americans return to the United States. Next Hoover turned to a far more difficult task, to feed Belgium, which had been overrun by the German army.

就在胡佛在伦敦庆祝他40岁生日的前一周，德国对法国宣战，美国总领事要求他帮助受困美国游客回国。在六周的时间内，他的委员会帮助12万美国人返回了美国。之后，胡佛又接管了更为棘手的任务，向比利时提供食品补给，当时比利时已经被德国军队所控。

After the United States entered the war, President Wilson appointed Hoover as the head of the Food Administration. He succeeded in cutting consumption of foods needed overseas and avoided rationing at home, yet kept the Allies fed. He then served as Secretary of Commerce under Presidents Harding and Coolidge. Hoover became the Republican Presidential nominee and won the 1928 election.

美国参战之后，威尔逊总统任命胡佛为粮食总署署长。他成功地削减了军队在国外的消量，并避免了国内的配给。同时保证了同盟国的食品补给。哈定总统以及柯立芝总统在位时，他担任了商务部长。之后，胡佛成为了共和党候选人，并赢得了1928年的总统大选。

The Wall Street Crash of 1929 struck less than eight months into his term. He created many projects to tryand end the Great Depression, such as the Hoover Dam. He cut taxes and increased public spending. None of this produced economic recovery. As a result, Hoover is ranked poorly among former presidents. After WorldWar II, he was a fierce opponent of communism. He died in 1964 at the age of 90.

1929年，在他担任总统不到8个月时，华尔街爆发了股灾。他运用了多种方式来尝试结束这场大萧条，例如胡佛水坝。他削减了税务，提高了公共消费。然而没有一项举措能够使经济得到复苏。这导致胡佛在往任总统中的排名较低。二战以后，他强烈反对共产主义。他于1964年去世，享年90岁。