美国历届总统简介：第34任总统 德怀特•戴维•艾森豪威尔

美国历届总统简介：第34任总统 德怀特•戴维•艾森豪威尔

Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States and the last to be born in the nineteenth century. He was born in Texas in 1890, the third of seven sons. He excelled in sports in high school, and received an appointment to the West Point Military Academy. This prepared him for a distinguished career in the Army. He is often ranked as one of America’s top 10 Presidents.

德怀特·戴维·艾森豪威尔是美国第34任总统，他也是最后一位出生在19世纪的总统。1890年，艾森豪威尔出生于德克萨斯州，在七个兄弟姐妹中他排名老三。在高中时，体育是他的强项，之后进入西点军校学习。这为他以后辉煌的军事道路做好了准备。他是美国十大杰出总统之中的一位。

In his early Army career, he excelled in his duties. After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, he was called to Washington for a war plans assignment. He commanded the Allied Forces landing in North Africa. On D-Day, 1944, he led the troops invading France. After the war, he became President of Columbia University. In 1951 he became the first Supreme Commander of the newly established NATO forces.

在他早年的军事生涯中，他尽职尽责。日本偷袭珍珠港之后，他奉命前往华盛顿参加军事部署计划。他指挥同盟国作战。1944年的诺曼底登陆，他带领军队进军法国。战后，他成为了哥伦比亚大学校长。1951年，他成为了“北约”组织的首位最高指挥官，这是一个刚刚建立的组织。

Republicans persuaded him to run for President in 1952. "I like Ike" was an irresistible slogan; he won with a sweeping victory. During his two terms in office, Eisenhower got a truce in Korea and worked tirelessly to ease the tensions of the Cold War. This was difficult as both the US and Soviet Union were stockpiling nuclear bombs. He signed the bill that created NASA to compete with the Russians in the space race.

共和党劝说他参加1952年的总统竞选，“我爱艾森豪威尔”成为了人们喜欢的标语；他以压倒性的优势获得了胜利。在他的两届任期内，艾森豪威尔停止了朝鲜战争，并不顾一切地缓解了冷战的紧张。能够做到这一点是很难的，当时美国和苏联都在加紧囤积原子弹。他还建立了美国国家航空和宇宙航行局，从而更好的与苏联展开太空竞赛。

At home, he pursued the moderate policies of "Modern Republicanism." When he left office in 1961, he pointed out that, "America is today the strongest, most influential, and most productive nation in the world." He also ordered the complete desegregation of the Armed Forces. "There must be no second class citizens inthis country," he wrote. He died after a long illness on March 28, 1969.

在国内，他遵循着适度的“现代共和主义政策”。1961年卸任，他指出：“美国是当今实力最强、影响最大、生产力最强的国家”。他还命令完全废除军队的种族歧视。他说：“美国没有下等公民，”1969年3月28日，他因疾病而去世。