美国历届总统简介：第37任总统 理查德•米尔豪斯•尼克松

美国历届总统简介：第37任总统 理查德•米尔豪斯•尼克松

Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United States. He served from 1969 to 1974 and is the only president to resign the office. He was born in California in 1913 and grew up in a poor family. Nixonhad a brilliant record at college and law school before entering the legal profession. During World War II, Nixon served in the Navy in the Pacific, although he saw no actual combat.

理查德·米尔豪斯·尼克松是美国第37任总统。他的任期是从1969年到1974年，他也是唯一一位辞职的总统。1913年，尼克松出生于加利福尼亚州，家境贫寒。在成为律师之前，他在大学和法律学校的表现优异。二战期间，尼克松在太平洋的海军服役，尽管他没有参加战争。

On leaving the service, he was elected to Congress and in 1950, he won a Senate seat. Two years later, General Eisenhower selected Nixon, age 39, to be his running mate. As Vice President, Nixon took on major duties and was nominated for President in 1960. He lost by a narrow margin to John F. Kennedy. In 1968, he again won his party's nomination and the presidential election.

退役之后，1950年他进入国会，之后又赢得了参议院席位。两年之后，艾森豪威尔将军任命39岁的尼克松为他的竞选搭档。作为副总统，尼克松身兼重任，并于1960年获得了总统候选人的资格。他以微弱的优势输给了约翰·费茨杰拉德·肯尼迪。1968年，他再一次成功获得了选举资格，并赢得了这次的选举。

His term in office saw many historic accomplishments. One of the most dramatic events occurred in 1969, when American astronauts made the first moon landing. During visits in 1972 to Beijing and Moscow, he reduced tensions with China and the U.S.S.R. which led to a treaty to limit strategic nuclear weapons. In January 1973, he ended American involvement in Vietnam.

在任期间，他完成了许多历史性的壮举。其中最著名的时间是在1969年，美国宇航员首次登月。1972年，他访问了中国和俄罗斯，并缓解了与中国和苏联的紧张，并签署了限制战略核武器的条约。1973年1月，他结束了越南战争。

In his 1972 bid for office, Nixon defeated Democratic candidate George McGovern by one of the widest margins on record. Within a few months the "Watergate" scandal broke. Reporters uncovered his associates breaking into his Democratic rival’s offices. Nixon denied any personal involvement and resigned on August 8, 1974. He died from a severe stroke in 1994, aged 81.

在1972年连任中，尼克松以历史上最悬殊的选票战胜了乔治·麦戈文。短短几个月后，水门事件爆发。记者揭露了他的亲信闯入了竞争对手的办公室。尼克松否认与这次事件有关，并于1974年的8月8日辞职。由于中风，他于1994年去世，享年81岁。