英语翻译技巧：口译干货
英语翻译中包含很多知识点，无论是普通考试中的翻译题型还是专业翻译考试，在面对不简单的翻译问题时，我们都要做好准备，稍不注意可能翻译不到位，拿不到分。下面小编就和大家分享英语翻译技巧：口译干货，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。
英语翻译技巧：口译干货
一、同义反译法
例如：
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：“还留着”或“还呆在那里”)
2. I'll be here for good this time.
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：“永远在此呆下去”)
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
我不在家的时候，别让炉子灭了。(不译：“我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着”)
4. "Wait, he is serious."
等等，他不是说着玩儿的。(不译：”等等，他是认真的。“)
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。(不译：”……对这孩子要坚定“)
二、删减解释词
例如：
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many
cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，一定会注意到她们十之89都有那种独特的优雅风度、那种温柔的声音和文静的举止。
三、短句拆译
例如：
" …on one sunshiny morning in June , …"
在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗……
四、译词推陈出新
例如：
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary
fears of a lover.
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
原词 原译 改译
when 当……的时候 等到……的时候
act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种.种常有的提心吊胆的心理
in addition to 除了……之外 那就更是难免的了
五、解释性添词
例如：
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered
no moss; but I never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
”乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。我早知道你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走“，贝格纳特太太说道。
六、词无定译
例如：
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but
two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditions.
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行过一次巨大的诈骗。
七、精炼译词
例如：
A new dignity crept into his walk.
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
八、删削"When"字
例如
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候……)
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the head, and knocking on them round?"
”你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有什么用呢?“(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子……)
九、感叹词的不同译法
例如：
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want them!"
"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
”妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗
“得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。”
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
“哟，真是怪事﹗”玛利说，“你干嘛非要这个不可?”
十、顺拆法
例如：
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship
between economic, social and demographic factors.
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，认为该基金会应继续努力， 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
翻译资格考试口译初级模拟试题
The “standard of living” of a country means the average person' s② share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’ s standard of living， therefore， depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money， for we do not live on ② money but on things that money can buy： “goods” such as food and clothing， and “services” such as transport and entertainment.
A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors， most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources， such as coal， gold， and other minerals， water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals， and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess none of them.
难点提示：
①一般人，老百姓
②靠……为生
参考译文：
任何一个国家的生活水平，指的是那个国家生产的产品和提供的服务为普通老百姓分享的情况。因此，一个国家的生活水平，首先取决于它创造财富的能力。在这个意义上，财富并不是指金钱，因为我们生存靠的不是钱，而是靠钱能买到的东西：比如食物和衣服这些“产品”，交通和娱乐这些“服务”。
一个国家创造财富的能力取决于很多因素，其中大部分因素相互作用。财富在很大程度上依赖于一个国家的自然资源，比如煤矿、金矿和其他矿物质、水源等等。世界上有些地区煤矿和矿物质的储量丰富，土壤肥沃，气候适宜，其他地区却一样都不具备。
2020年翻译资格考试口译三级精选词汇
nine-year compulsory education
九年义务教育
take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 考研
extracurricular 课外的
extracurricular activities 课外活动
class discussion 课堂讨论
required / compulsory course 必修课
elective / optional course 选修课
basic course 基础课
specialized course 专业课
school schedule 课程表
seminar 研究小组;讨论会
teaching program; syllabus 教学大纲
period of schooling 学习年限
record of formal schooling 学历
school / academic year 学年
(school) term; semester 学期
credit 学分
academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering 两院院士
heuristic education 启发式教学
hot topic 热门话题
talents exchange 人才交流
competition for talented people 人才战
Business English Certificate (BEC)
商务英语证书
academy of design 设计学院
institute of physical culture 体育学院
enrolment rate for children of school age
适龄儿童入学率
to confer a degree on / to sb. / for sth. (e.g. thesis) 授予某人学位
proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade 升学率
(state) stipend / subsidy / financial aid
(国家)助学金
a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 硕博连读
Songjiang College Town 松江大学城
quality-oriented education 素质教育
cramming method of teaching 填鸭式教育
simultaneous interpretation 同声传译
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) 托福
block release 脱产进修
short-term training course 短训班
faculty, students and staff 师生员工
the faculty; teaching staff 教学人员
英语翻译相关文章：
★ 英语翻译
★ 浅析英语翻译教学
英语翻译技巧：口译干货
