高中英语主谓一致练习专题和语法记忆口诀
高中英语主谓一致练习专题和语法记忆口诀
高中阶段的语法知识在现行的教材中分布得较分散、零碎，学生学起来颇感吃力，难以记牢。一般说来，学习语法知识的途径很多，但教学中常用的主要有如下二种：一是通过教师的讲解，对所学语法规则的概念、结构，用法有个确切的了解;二是通过大量的练习，在英语实践中正确、熟练地掌握语法规则的用法。下面给大家分享一些相关的学习心得，供大家参考。
高中英语：语法学习记忆口诀
仔细惦量这两种方法，其实都强调了同一个极其重要的东西，即是“记忆”。记忆的方式、方法很多，诸如分类记忆法，直观形象记忆法、奇持联想记忆法，特征记忆法等等。这里，笔者主要从词法与句法两大块对巧记英语语法作些阐述。
一、词法
(一)巧记名词变复数的规则：
单数变为复数式，一般词尾加-s;
下列句词词尾后，要加-s先加-e。
发音[f] 、[ t ]、[s]和[z]，或是某些辅音加-o时。
有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意。
y前字母是辅音，一律变y为-ies.
遇到f和fe，有时需要变-ves.
少数名词不规则，特殊情况要强记。
说明：
1.名词变复数形式，一般在词尾加-s.
eg: bag-bags banana-bananas bird-birds pen-pens，…
2.词尾发音为[f ， t s， z]的名词(即以字母sh， ch， s， x结尾者)在变复数时，要在词尾加-es，eg: watch-watches， box-boxes， bus-buses，etc
3.若词尾字母o的前面是辅音字母，变为复数时，有些加-es，eg: hero-heroes， Negro-Negroes， patato-patatoes， tomato-tomatoes.这四个词可组成一句话来记忆：Heroes and Negroes eat potatoes and tomatoes(英雄和黑人吃马铃薯和西红柿。简为二人吃二菜。)
但有些以o结尾的名词则加-s，eg: photo – photoes， piano –pianos等。
4.若词尾字母y前加的是辅音字母时，变为复数，首先把y变为i，再加-es， eg: family – families， city- cities， baby – babies等，但若词尾y前为元音字母时，则可直接加-s， eg: day-days， boy-boys等。
5.以f和fe结尾的名词变复数时，首先将f和fe变为v， 再加-es，我们也可用一句话来记，“狼(wolf)和小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)威胁书架(shelf)上的半片(half)叶子(leaf)的生命(life)。另外记住一些常见特殊词，eg: roof—roofs.
6. 有些名词的复数变化是不规则的，eg: man-men， woman-women， child-children， chinese- chinese， sheep-sheep等，平时多留心，稍微加以归纳，是不难发现其的特征的。
(二)定冠词
冠词是NMET试题中出现较频繁的词性，近五年复出率高达83.3%。因而掌握冠词，尤其是定冠词的用法也尤其必要。
请看下面的顺口溜，它可以帮助我们记忆定冠词的一些用法：
特指、重提和唯一，岛屿，海峡和海湾;
海洋，党派最高级，沙漠，河流与群山;
方位、顺序和乐器，年代，团体与机关;
船名，建筑和组织，会议，条约与报刊;
姓氏复数，国全名，请你记住用定冠。
下面让我们再来“验证”这顺口溜吧。请仔细观察下面各句中定冠词的用法，不难发现它的“功效”与“真伪”了。
1. The girl in red has just come back from Australia.
2. Mr. Li will give us a talk. The talk will begin at 8:00
3. The sun gives us heat and light.
4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of all.
5. The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.
6. Do you know when the Great Wall came into being?
7. She’s on the People’s Daily.
8. The Einsteins could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed.
9. Who was the first to come?
10. I heard somebody playing the piano in the next room.
11. Great Changes have taken place in the 1990’s
12. In 1864， Lincoln was elected President of the United States for the second time.
(三)非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不定式及动名词。
1、动词的不定式
①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what， who， whom， which和疑问副词where， when， why ， how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
2、动名词：
哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy， consider， escape， avoid)
停止，放弃太冒险(stop， give up ， risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine， imagine， delay， put off)
要求完成是期望(require， finish， look forward to.)
建议继续勤*练(suggest， go on， practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help， excuse ， insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on， mind， succeed in)
(四)多个形容词并开修饰一个名词的问题
有两三个形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词。若有多个形容词修饰，可用下面这句话来判断、排列它们的顺序：县官行令杀国材。
其意思是：县(限)代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词，所有格，数字等。
官(观)代表表示观点的描绘性形容词，eg: fine beautiful interesting等。
行(形)代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词：eg: small tall， high， little， round等。
令代表表示年龄、新旧的形容词：eg: old， young等。
杀色(近似音)代表表示颜色的形容词：eg: white， black等。
国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词：eg: Englsih， American， moun tain等。
材代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词，eg: wooden， silk， plastic， stone等。
请看下面的例子： a fine old stone bridge;
two big round new Chinese wooden tables;
his large new black foreign car.
(五)序数词中的特殊词：
记忆序数词中的特殊词时，可用顺口溜来记：
八去t，九减e， f来把ve替，若是遇上几十几，ie就把y来替。
即：eighth， ninth， fifth， twelfth， twentieth， thirtieth…
(六)一些动词
1. lie 的变化
记忆lie 的变化时，可用顺口溜来帮助记忆：
规则的说谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。
即：lie—lied—lied—lying(说谎)
lie—lay—lain—lying(躺，位于)
lay—laid—laid—laying(产卵，下蛋)
2.感官动词和使役动词：
记忆此项动词，可归纳于“五三二一”，即：
“五看”—see， watch， notice， observe， look at;
“二使”—let， make， have;
“三听”—hear， listen to;
“一觉”—feel.
3.“否定转移”的5个常用词：
我认为(think)猜想(suppose)与想象(imagine)都不可相信(believe)，我期待(expect)等着你的回答。eg: I don’t think he’ll come tomorrow.
4.“同源宾语”的七个常用词
微笔(smile)着生话(live)歌唱(sing)着战斗(fight)死(die)也像睡觉(sleep)做梦(dream)一样甜蜜。
eg: Now we’re living a happy life and often dream good dreams.
5.巧记常用于“主语没有生命胜似有”之类句子谓语的七个动词：
如果看见(see)或发现(discover) Turn(音译：特恩)，一定要找到(find)他，并带(bring)他到这儿给(give)大伙展示(show)一下。
eg: Tomorrow’ll see the opening of the meeting.
Dusk found a little boy crying in the street.
高二英语主谓一致语法练习题
1.The old ____well looked after by the government in China.
A. is B. are C. has been D. was
2.The secretary and manager ____very busy now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3.Both the secretary and the manager _____agreed to attend the meeting.
A. has B. have C. are D. was
4.Tom as well as two of his classmates _____invited to the party.
A. was B. were C. have been D. had been
5.Either you or I _____going to the teachers‘ office after class.
A. am B. is C. are D. will
6.Most of his spare time ____spent in reading.
A. are B. were C. was D. have been
7.This is one of the best novels that ____appeared this year.
A.have been B. has C. had been D. have
8.Ten thousand dollars _____quite a large sum.
A. are B. is C. were D. have
9.About 20 percent of the work ____done yesterday.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
10.Mr Smith， together with his children， ____arrived.
A.are B. has C. is D. have
11.It ____I who _____leaving for London.
A.is…is B. am…is C. is…am D. am…am
12.Not only Tom but also his wife ____fond of watching television.
A. are B. were C. be D. is
13.When and where to build the new factory ____yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
14.Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest ______.
A. are difficult
B. has proved difficult
C. is supposed difficult
D. have been found difficult
15.That they were wrong in these matters _____ now clear to us all.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
16.Half of his goods ____ stolen the other day.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
17.Mathematics ____the language of science.
A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be
18.Each of the students _____ a Chinese-English dictionary.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
19.They each ____ a beautiful handkerchief.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
20.Between the two rows of trees _____the teaching building.
A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are
21.This pair of shoes ____made in Nanjing.
A.is B. are C. have been D. had been
22.No one except my parents _____anything about it.
A.know B. knows
C. is knowing D. have known
23.A number of students _____from the south.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
24.The number of students from the north ____small.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
25.Writing stories and articles _____what I enjoy most，
A.is B. are C. was D. were
26.His“Selected Poems” _____first published in 1965.
A. were B. was C. has been D. are
27.Miss Smith is a friend of ______.
A. Mary‘s mother’s B. Mary‘s mother
C. Mother’s of Mary D. Mary mother‘s
28.A good deal of money ____spent on books.
A.have B. has
C.have been D. has been
29.On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A.hangs B. hang C. hanged D.hanging
30. _____turn green in spring.
A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves
31.Father went to his doctor for ____about his heart trouble.
A.an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices
32.All but one ____here just now.
A.is B. was C. has been D. were
33. The number of people invited _____fifty， but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.
A. were;was B. was; was
C. was;were D. were; were
34.The air in big cities _____very dirty by factories.
A. are often made B. is often made
C. have often made D. has often made
35.Nobody ____to smoke in the cinema.
A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed
36.The Chinese people _____hard-working and brave.
A. are B. is C. has been D. are being
37.____can be done _____been done.
A. All; have B. All that; have
C. All; has D. All that; has
38.John has two brothers， but either ____out of work now.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
39.The police ____the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A. is searching for B. were searching for
C. are searching for D. were searching
40.Apples of this kind ____.
A. tastes good B. tastes well
C. taste good D. taste well
41.Your trousers ____dirty， you must have _____washed.
A. is; it B. are; it C. are; them D. is; them
42.Where ____rubbish， there are flies.
A. there are B. there is C. is D. there has
43.The Olympic Games ____held every ____years.
A. is; four B. are; four C. is; five D. are; five
44.Many a man _____ come to help us.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
45.He is the only one of the students who _____elected.
A. are B. have C. has D. is
46.Three-fourths of the homework _____today.
A. has finished B. has been finished
C. have finished D. have been finished
47.Those who ____ in ____compositions， please hand them in this afternoon.
A. hasn‘t handed; his B. haven’t handed; their
C.has handed; their D. have handed; his
48.Jane is one of the best students in her class who _____by their teacher.
A. are praised B. is praised C. praised D. praising
49.The whole class _____the teacher attentively.
A. are listening to B. is listening to
C. are listening D. is listening
50.The United States of America _____one of the most developed countries in the world.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
高二主谓一致练习题-英语(答案)
1-5 BABAA 6-10 CDBDB 11-15 CDABA
16-20 BCBAB 21-25 ABABA 26-30 BADBD
31-35 BDCBC 36-40 ADBBC 41-45 CBBBD
46-50 BBAAA