托福听力提升学术学科词汇攻略分享

托福听力提升学术学科词汇攻略分享

托福听力考试中词汇部分经常会成为考生面前的一道难关。今天小编给大家带来了托福听力提升学术学科词汇攻略分享，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力提升学术学科词汇攻略分享

托福听力讲座中有大量学术学科词汇

相比于侧重日常生活场景的对话，讲座涉及的内容大多比较专业，是接近于大学课堂难度的教学场景，涉及学科也比较多样，其中最让考生头疼的莫过于大量生僻难懂的学科词汇，这对于大家的听力理解带来了不小的难度。

为什么学术学科词汇难度高?

托福听力学科词汇的最大特点就是专业性较强，拼写和读音难度较大，无论是记忆还是识别都有不小的困难。但是大家也都知道，托福听力每次考试计分的多篇文章中有一大半都是讲座，因此为了取得相对理想的考试成绩，同学们还是要有足够的恒心和决心去攻克学术词汇。

如何获取听力中的学术学科词汇?

对于托福听力学科词汇的获取途径，大家可以在日常托福听力备考练习的过程中进行归纳总结，日积月累构建自己的托福听力学科词汇库，当然大家也可以借鉴参考各个机构的相关文章资讯。另外我们也可以购买市面上已经出版的一些托福备考的词汇书，特别是那些自带学术学科词汇分类整理的书籍。

如何背诵识记学术学科词汇?

在积累了学科词汇之后我们需要分学科类别来识记，注意语音、语义、拼写三者能有机结合，提升对词汇的反应速度和准确度;之后再通过收听真题练习相关学科的文章来巩固和加强自己对于他们的识别能力。

2020托福听力练习：已婚人士更易发福

Bridget Jones, in print and on screen, called them the “Smug Marrieds”—the happy couples that seemed to have it all.

But maybe the fictional Jones should have called them the “Plump Marrieds.”

Because along with offering couples unbridled bliss, marriage can cause them to pack on some extra pounds.

That's according to a study in The Journal of Family Issues.

Sociologist Jay Teachman, at Western Washington University, examined data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth.

The data included info about more than 3,000 African Americans over a 20-year period.

Teachman tracked body-mass-index, BMI, a measure of obesity, from adolescence to middle age.

And he analyzed the relationship between BMI, marital status and changes in marital status.

It turned out that living without a partner usually equated to being thinner and having a lower BMI compared with married people and couples living together.

The single folks included the never-marrieds and divorced.

Both men and women gained weight but when it came to race, black women had the most rapid weight gain, followed by white women and then black and white men.

The weight gain was just a few pounds—but even a slightly higher BMI is associated with weight-related health issues.

Several reasons exist for the weight discrepancy between the single and married people.

For example, married men and women may be less concerned about their body weight because they're no longer actively seeking a mate.

Plus, married people have a regular dining partner, possibly leading to more meals.

On the single side, those who are widowed or have gone through a divorce may lose weight due to stress.

So while this news may not be good for the smug marrieds, it may be welcomed by Bridget Jones.

The single, and very weight-conscious, Jones may actually have had the easier path to staying thin than her married friends.

无论是小说还是大荧幕，《BJ单身日记》中的琼斯夫妇可算得上“令人羡慕的一对”了—这对幸福小夫妻看起来拥有了一切。

但虚构出来的琼斯夫妇应该也能被称为“丰满的一对”。

因为婚姻除了带给这对新人无尽的幸福之外，也增加了两人的体重。

这是根据《家庭问题》期刊上登载的一项研究得出的结论。

西华盛顿大学的社会学家杰伊•特克曼对全国青年纵向研究的数据进行了详细检查。

这一数据涵盖20多年来超过3000名非裔美国人的数据信息。

特克曼对这些人从青春期到中年时的BMI，即身高体重指数进行了跟踪调查，这一指数可反映出人体的肥胖程度。

而且他还对BMI同婚姻状态及婚姻中产生变化之间的关系进行了分析。

而结果表明相比已婚人士及同居人士，单身者会更瘦，而且BMI指数更低。

而单身者则包含未婚者及离异人士。

无论种族，婚后的男女体重都会增加，其中增幅速度最高是黑人女性，接下来是白人女性，黑人男性及白人男性。

体重的增加只是几磅—但即使BMI指数略微增加也可能引发健康问题。

而单身及已婚人士存在体重差异存在下面几个原因。

比如，已婚男女可能不会过度关心自己的体重问题，因为彼此已经不用再积极寻找各自的另一半。

此外已婚人士在饮食方面有了规律性的伴侣，可能会导致其食量加大。

而单身，丧偶或离异者可能会由于面临压力而减轻体重。

因此这项研究对那些自鸣得意的已婚者可能不是利好消息，但《BJ单身日记》中的琼斯却接受这样的事实。

同已经步入婚姻殿堂的朋友相比，单身、注重保持身材的琼斯已经有了保持纤细身材的妙招。

1.along with 连同;以及

例句:I'll go along with you.

我将随同你一起去。

2.according to 根据

例句:Prices vary according to the quantity ordered.

价格随订购数量不同而有所变化。

3.associate with 与…交往，联系

例句:I associate with you through choice.

我是通过自主选择和你联系在一起。

4.turn out 关掉;结果是

例句:It's turned out nice again.

天气又突然转好了。

2020托福听力练习：抗嗝化合物减少奶牛甲烷排放

The global population is now nearly seven and a half billion.

And that's just humans.

Because our planet is also home to one-and-a-half-billion cows, another billion sheep, and a billion goats.

Their combined belches account for a full fifth of the world's methane emissions—and methane is about 30 times more potent at trapping heat than CO2.

But those methane emissions might get cut—by feeding the grazers something called 3-nitro oxypropanol.

"I can tell you, they like it.

No rejection at all."

Maik Kindermann, an organic chemist at DSM Nutritional Products in Switzerland.

Liking it, in the cow world, he says basically means they'll still gobble up their food, even with this stuff mixed in.

Kindermann's company developed the additive a few years back.

And it only targets those methane-belching microbes, while leaving the rest of the microbiome untouched.

The result?

A 30 percent decrease in methane emissions.

The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Kindermann says he thinks the compound could be a win-win for the planet—and the animals.

"You know the methane is kind of a waste product.

And this energy, instead of losing it for the animal, it can be reused for the animal in terms of performance, and at the same time we are doing something for greenhouse gas emission and climate change."

The product's not on the market yet—toxicology tests are ongoing.

But the hope is that it might take some of the heat off of beef.

现在全世界人口数量约是75亿。

但这只是人类的数量。

因为我们的地球也是15亿奶牛、10亿绵羊及10亿山羊的家园。

这些动物反刍所排放的甲烷总量约占世界总量的1/5—而同时甲烷吸收热量的能力约是二氧化碳的30倍。

但在这些食草动物被喂食名为3-nitrooxypropanol的抗嗝化合物后，甲烷的排放量正在减少。

“我可以告诉你，它们真的很喜欢这种化合物。

真的一点也不排斥。”

瑞士DSM营养产品的有机化学家马克·金德曼说道。

他表示奶牛们非常喜欢这种化合物，即使添加到食物中，奶牛们仍会狼吞虎咽。

金德曼的公司在几年前研发出这种添加剂。

这种添加剂会拦截动物体内的微生物生成产生甲烷至关重要的酶。

而3-nitrooxypropanol只针对生成甲烷的微生物，其他微生物则不受影响。

结果如何呢?

甲烷排放减少30%。

这项研究已经在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表。

金德曼认为这种化合物对地球和人类而言是一种双赢。

“甲烷是一种废物。

动物们可以再利用这种能源，而不是进行浪费，与此同时，我们在为温室气体排放及气候变化尽一份力。”

这款产品正在进行毒性测试，目前还未在市场上流通。

但我们希望的是,能够减少牛肉的一些热量。

1.account for 对…负有责任

例句:Computers account for 5% of the country's commercial electricity consumption.

计算机占去该国商业用电的5%。

2.get cut 减少

例句:If you are going to stand in front then it will get cut.

如果你站在植物前面就会被剪到。

3.at all 根本;简直

例句:I certainly don't remember talking to you at all.

我当然完全不记得和你讲过话。

4.mix in 混合

例句:Add the milk to the flour, and then mix in three eggs.

往面粉里加牛奶，再拌入3个鸡蛋。