托福听力满分考生分享平时和应试做笔记心得经验

托福听力满分考生分享平时和应试做笔记心得经验

托福听力如何做笔记一直是考生比较关注的一个问题。今天小编给大家带来托福听力满分考生分享平时和应试做笔记心得经验，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力满分考生分享平时和应试做笔记心得经验

托福听力做笔记经验分享：平时笔记

平日里只要是听一些比较有用的东西，我都会做记录。跟大部分人一样，我有注意力涣散的毛病。不记录会跑神。

笔记的好处：第一注意力集中了，思路更清晰，细节更注意。第二，内容留存，方便回顾。第三，久了就知道什么地方是关键，重点，该记。第三点很重要，直接关系到应试笔记。

大家都听过这样的劝告，听力要记笔记，要记关键信息，要记细节，要记…… 这些劝告有多抽象，每一个考生都应该深有感悟。

总结一句，我有更抽象的说法，记题目会问到的。托福是为学生准备好大学课程，不是为难大家。

所以托福会问的内容自然是你听完之后应该学到的内容。如果我们不是抱着做题的心态，而是学习的心态，是不是就更容易知道该记什么?

应试刷题时，目的角度不同，技巧可培养，但是你体会不到为什么，就容易流于形式。这是学习习惯，平时要注意养成。

托福听力做笔记经验分享：应试笔记

应试笔记有技巧，类似于口译笔记。

关键内容，有提醒的关键词，要会自己可识别的缩写;纸张对折成几条，提纲式记录，用符号表示某些趋势。这些是技巧，很容易成手。

记过之后，做题时候会不会看?我个人很少回头看。

基本上我考试笔记的目的和平时是很相似的。落到笔头上，思路更清晰。但是有几个点，是我在练习之后会提醒自己注意的。起始时教授讲的目的，要记清楚，做题前要回头看，因为整篇lecture都围绕着这句话;细节题，要回头去确认。

2020托福听力练习：选民不会背竞选演讲所影响

Donald Trump hasn't been running the most traditional campaign. And it's not just the unfiltered tweets. "He's neglecting campaigning full stop." Thomas Wood, an assistant professor of political science at Ohio State. "He's had about half as many public events as his opponent."

Wood's own campaign experience was with the Romney/Ryan ticket back in 2012. Every night, the campaign surveyed thousands of voters... 64,000 over all... asking them how they felt about the politicians, after a local visit. That is, if the voters actually knew about the visit.

"Instead of seeing candidate X visiting somewhere in Pensacola they're now seeing candidate X visit somewhere in their local market. And it's not really filtering through to that many folks that the visit was there—you know one event sort of looks like the other. They all sort of blend into each other. It's hard to make it clear to the person who's just watching the evening news that this was a visit in your local marketplace."

In other words, visits didn't even register for most locals or those in adjacent markets. And the voters' opinions of the candidates went up just a measly couple percent after local visits—before fading back to baseline a few days later. So despite the huge investment of time and money, the local campaign stops were pretty worthless—at least from a numbers standpoint. The findings are in the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.

As for this election season—any advice for the noncampaigning candidate? "I would provide advice that has nothing to do with his frequency of visits. I'd be providing advice as to how one comports oneself with the national press, try to earn some goodwill. I guess just being polite. I would say that Trump's sort of lethargic process of campaigning is probably the least of his worries." Better, he says, to just spend more time fundraising. To throw more cash at things that really work: like get-out-the-vote campaigns, and ads. Then again…Twitter's free.

唐纳德·特朗普没有用最传统的竞选方法组织竞选活动。这并不是仅指他未经过滤的推文。“他完全忽视了这是总统竞选演讲。”托马斯·伍德是俄亥俄州立大学政治学的助理教授。“特朗普的公共活动只有其对手的一半。”

伍德曾在2012年跟随罗姆尼和瑞安的竞选团队进行竞选活动。当时，竞选团队每天晚上都要调查数千名选民，调查人数可能高达6.4万人，在政治家走访当地后询问选民对他们的看法。前提是选民知道当地的竞选活动。

“某位候选人没有前往彭萨科拉的某个地方，而是去到当地的市场。对许多人来说，去哪里访问都一样，因为竞选活动看起来差不多。这些活动会互相融合。对正在看晚间新闻的人来说，很难弄清楚新闻里的人正在当地市场进行访问。”

换言之，对大多数当地人或是临近市场的大多数居民来说，这些访问并没有记录。在当地访问结束后，选民对候选人的意见只会带来可怜的几个百分点的上涨，而几天后支持率又会退回到基准线。所以，尽管投入了大量的资金和时间，地方竞选活动其实并没有什么价值——至少从数据来看可以这么说。该研究结果发表在《美国政治和社会科学学院年报》上。

就今年的竞选季来说，对没有进行竞选活动的候选人有什么建议?“我提供的建议可能与他们的竞选频率没有任何关系。我的建议是：候选人若想让自己的形象同国家新闻报道的相一致，那就努力去获得信誉。我认为候选人要有礼貌。我想说，特朗普有些昏沉的竞选过程可能是他最不担心的。”他说，最好将更多时间花费在筹集资金上。将钱用到真正有用的地方：比如动员投票活动、广告等。当然还有免费的推特。

重点讲解：

1. instead of 代替…;而不是…;

例句：He should have shot instead of passing.

他本该射门，不该传球。

2. blend into 融入;与…融为一体;与…协调;

例句：I tried to blend into the crowd, but I was obviously not dressed for the occasion.

我试图融入人群中,但很明显我的穿着不适合这种场合。

3. in other words 换言之;换句话说;也就是说;

例句：In other words, the quality of the candidates was the decisive factor.

换言之，人才是最后的决定因素。

4. as for 至于…;

例句：As for his moral character, he is also praiseworthy.

至于他的品德，也是值得称赞的。

2020托福听力练习：黑洞模型再现霍金预言

Black holes got their name because light can't escape them, beyond a certain radius, called the event horizon. But in 1974 Stephen Hawking proposed that quantum effects at the event horizon might cause black holes to be...not completely black.

"Hawking said that pairs of particles should be created at the event horizon." Jeff Steinhauer, a physicist at the Israel Institute of Technology. "One particle exits the black hole and travels away, perhaps to Earth, and the other particle falls into the black hole."

Ideally, we could just study those exiting particles...which make up the so-called Hawking radiation. But that signal is too weak. We can't see it against the universe's background radiation. So Steinhauer built a model of a black hole instead. Which traps not photons, but phonons—think of them as sound particles—and it traps of using a gas of rubidium atoms, flowing faster than the speed of sound.

"And that means that phonons, particles of sound, trying to travel against the flow are not able to go forward. They get swept back by the flow. It's like someone trying to swim against a river which is flowing faster than they can swim. And the phonon trying to go against the flow is analogous to a photon trying to escape a black hole."

Steinhauer doesn't actually pipe sound particles into the device. He doesn't need to. He merely created the conditions under which quantum effects predict their appearance. "So the two swimmers can come into existence simultaneously without anybody supplying energy to create them."

He ran the test 4,600 times—the equivalent of six days—and took pictures of the results. And indeed, he saw a correlation between particles emanating into and out of the model black hole…an experimental demonstration of Hawking radiation. The results appear in Nature Physics.

Steinhauer also determined that the partner particles had a quantum connection, called entanglement...which could help theorists investigating the information paradox. "So there's the question of where does information go, if one throws it into a black hole?" This study can't answer that. But, he says, "it helps give hints, to direct physicists towards the new laws of physics, whatever they might be."

黑洞得名的原因是光无法逃脱一个特定的界面——视界。但是1974年，史蒂芬·霍金提出，视界里的量子效应，可以使黑洞不是完全的“黑暗”。

“霍金说，视界可以产生成对的粒子。”以色列理工学院的物理学家杰夫·施泰因豪尔说道。“一个粒子远离黑洞逃逸，可能进入地球，而另一个粒子则被黑洞吞噬。”

理想情况下，我们可以研究这些逃逸粒子……这些粒子构成了“霍金辐射”这一理论。但是信号太弱了。在宇宙辐射背景下，我们根本看不到它发出的辐射。所以施泰因豪尔构建了一个黑洞模型。这个黑洞模型不仅能吸收光子，还能吸收声子——姑且认为声子就是声音粒子——模型使用的是铷原子气体，铷原子的运动速度比声音的速度要快。

“这意味着声子无法对抗铷原子继续前进。它们会被气流阻回。这就仿佛有人想要逆流而上，但是河水的速度快于他的游泳速度。声子试图逆流逃离就如同光子想要逃离黑洞一样。”

施泰因豪尔实际上并没有用管道将这些粒子输入设备。因为他根本不用这样做。他只是营造了产生量子效应的环境。“所以，两个‘游泳者'可以同时存在，而不需要任何人提供能量。”

施泰因豪尔用6天的时间进行4600次测试，并将测试结果拍照保存。他发现了逃逸粒子和被吸入黑洞粒子之间的关系……这相当于“霍金辐射”理论的演示实验。该研究结果发表在《自然物理》杂志上。

施泰因豪尔发现成对粒子之间存在量子关联，这被称为“量子纠缠”，这种关联可以帮助理论学家研究信息悖论。“所以现在的问题是，如果一个粒子被吸入黑洞，那么信息将去往何处?”这项研究不能回答这个问题。但是施泰因豪尔表示，“该研究给我们提供指导物理学家研究新物理学定律的线索。”