雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解
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雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解 以选择题为例
雅思听力同义替换方式分析
1.名词和动词的替换 2.形容词和副词的替换 3.数字的替换 fortnight----14 days 4.主动语态和被动语态的替换
5.同义词和同义词组的替换 assistant------help，travel to------go to， rather than------prefer to， book ---reserve
6.双重否定和肯定表达之间的替换
7.因果关系连词之间的同义替换。如考生应注意这些因果关系的连词有些是把原因放在前面，而有些是需要把结果放在前面。所以做题时如有替换发生，不要混淆。
雅思听力同义转换规律A：语义角度
1.同义词转换
这是最常见的同义转换。例如pen被替换成something you write with, more than被替换成over，consist of，可以用be made up of，be composed of，contains等等，time management被替换成了use time effectively，都是同义词的转换。考生在平时做完题之后，要总结出来同义词的替换，这样会提高非常快。雅思选择题里很多内容都是这样体现的。
2.解释型同义转换
解释型转换是指题干中出现一个较大的或者较抽象的概念，说话者没有直接说出这个词，而是用一段话来解释，将所表述的概念或者事物更加具体化。通常是用一个比较通俗易懂的例子来代替。而听力原文中把这一概念具体化，用一个通俗易懂的例子来代替它。例如，选项中的metal industry在录音中被an iron forge取代。iron属于metal，是metal的一种。而forge在这里是铁匠铺的意思，是industry的具体化。
再如剑四Test2 Section1中的Question 3里，正确答案的选项an American man被替换成了a tourist from New York. 这里用美国的一个城市纽约为例，代替了美国这个整体的概念。
雅思听力同义转换规律B：语法角度
1.词性的转换 (同根词替换)
词性的转换，我们也叫同根词，是指常用词性之间的转换，如形容词，名词，动词，和副词等。
例如：在剑四Test3 Section3中的24题
Reading sessions help students to read
A. analytically.
B. as fast as possible.
C. thoroughly.
原文中出现的是analyzing material… 正确答案在选项中出现的是副词形式，而在原文中以动名词的形式出现。所以有些同学可能注意不到，建议同学们在准备雅思听力词汇的时候，一定要注意每个单词的各种词性都掌握到位。例如：benefit变成beneficial，health 变成healthy, flexibility变成flexible等等。
2.句式的转换
常见的句型转换有：
a)主动语态与被动语态的变化，或者说用了不同的连词将句子的结构进行了调整或者前后颠倒。比如说Since……,…… 和……because……这两个都是我们比较熟悉的表示因果关系的句型，它们之间的区别就在于，前一个是since引导原因，后一个是because引导原因，所以出现了前后顺序颠倒的状况。例如， 考生听到了a thief stole his wallet, 在选项中可能换成his wallet was stolen。
b)陈述句和疑问句的转换。例如，题目中的陈述信息往往在原文中被转化成由一个说话人进行发问，再由另一个说话人做出肯定或者否定的回答。如果另一个人的态度是肯定的，那么这个信息就是正确的答案，否则就是干扰项。
如剑四Test3 Section1中的Question5：
Sara requires a ______.
A single room
B twin room
C triple room
原文中，Sara没有直接说I want or I require something.而是以疑问句的形式询问Can I share a room with someone else?，也就是对Sara requires a twin room进行了句式上的同义转换，陈述句和疑问句的转换。但是要注意，刚才说过，陈述句转换成疑问句之后，还需要另一个说话人给出肯定的回答，才能最终确定下来答案。所以要听到另一个人说‘Yes， fine.’之后，才能确定B选项为正确答案。
雅思听力机经预测section Four部分
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 20110118 20120218
学科 建筑
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 荷兰立体房屋介绍cube house
雅思听力填空10
1. as a function of village
His design represents a village within a city
2. Each cub building’s shape like a tree
The concept behind these houses is that he tries to create a forest by each cube representing an abstract tree; therefore the whole village becomes a forest.
3. on the top of bridge in central city
The city of Rotterdam asked him to design housing on top of a pedestrian bridge and he decided to use the cubic houses idea.
4. he met the problem of finance
5. inside the house … three pillars made of concrete
The structure of the pole consists of three concrete pillars that have concrete block filling the space in between. As for the cube, the basic structure is concrete floor with concrete pillars. On top of this structure is something similar to a typical wood frame structure with wood stud framing and rockwool insulation. To protect the wooden frame and the insulation from exposure to the elements, they are covered with cement/wood fiberboards. To give the cube a nice appearance, zinc panels were used and complemented by double-glazed windows.
6. one Building between ..and school of architecture The houses contain three floors:
7. The lower level and top level are triangle-shaped
Ground floor entrance
First floor with living room and open kitchen the medium level is
8. and a study (business) hall
9. Top floor which is sometimes used as a small garden
The cubes are titled and sit on hexagon-shaped pole structures. The cubes contain the living areas, which are spilt into three levels. The triangle-shaped business.
10. 房子的居住者 in their one advantage of a convenient location and reasonable price yet with good facilities.
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 2015075
学科 历史
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 非洲游牧部落和定居部落-difference between settled nations and nomadic nations
1. vertical
2 then for accommodation, settlers: nomad cabin
3. transport by camel
4. young people
5. farmers help local residents
6. what to exchange for settlers: green grain
7.What to exchange for nomad clothing
8. harvest food and meat
9. live in tents
10. intermediate mixed between two lifestyle /portable
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 20161119 2011097
学科 心理学
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 economic and trust经济学和信托基金
雅思听力填空10：
1. Trust rely on kindness
2. Reduce poverty
3. Paying attention to face (hard in laboratory)
4. Involve a condition
5. sometimes be measurable
6. Animals send out oxytocin when interaction occurs
7. First participant send out money. Second participants have no obligation to
return
8. First participants don't have expectation of receiving money
9. have higher oxytocin levels
10. improve corporations social glue
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 20150418
学科 健康
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 食物和儿童健康
1. Survey for ingredients
2. stored food quality
3.cooking temperature changes in affecting the frozen food
4. supermarkets use images to attract customers
5. prime motivation: the source of the information
6. only concern for sales
7. for entertainments activities such as
8. organic food in American market
9. food safety and nutrition safety as in cooking process
10. healthy choices depend on the parents
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 20141002 2010095
学科 生物
雅思听力题型 雅思听力单选8 雅思听力填空2
雅思听力内容概述 有关海洋生物的报告，例如海豹，海藻, 海藻，食人鲸等
1. why today’s research is more accurate than the past:
A. better equipments
B. wider geographical cooperation
C. team work improves their work efficiency
2.What is main idea of this lecture:
A. impact of a special extinction on other species
B. human activities impacts to the environment
C. conservation of species
3. About 1000 years ago, sea otter was captured in the area of: village
4. one spot in Alaska
5. 100 years ago, when Spanish came to America, fur trade started.
6. Number of sea otter fell (past tense)
7. Number of sea urchin rose (past tense) (tip: here is the relationship of
ocean otter, ocean urchin and kelp forest drops. Vice versa.
8. see urchin flourish(ment) (tip: in the recording, they use the word of “explosion”)
雅思听力填空2
9. seals
10. In the future, scientists predict kelp forest will decline.
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 20110105 20110709 2009104 20081108
学科 教育
雅思听力题型 雅思听力单选2 雅思听力填空8
雅思听力内容概述 坚持能力研究，讨论education分组和所设计的一些学习项目
雅思听力单选2
1. samples in the subject course students have commom features:
选 an age group
2. elder students are more influenced by
选 impact from their family
(先说没想到学生不是考虑 Financial 什么的，最后提到了 family
表格雅思听力填空5
Level of Importance Social and Environmental Factirs Personal Factors
Level 1 Rich experience at 3 (school) Enjoy a 4(challenge)
Level 2 The students have good 5(health) Study of many 6 (interests)
Level 3 By/with 7 (tutors)
雅思听力填空3
8 选择新学生填 questionnaire 是为了获得 level of maturity
9 help 学生 act as advisors
10 提供 (online service)不是 telephone help
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 2016019B 20121011 20100211 20070901 √
学科 历史
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空6 雅思听力单选4
雅思听力内容概述 蒸汽船的诞生
雅思听力填空6：
1. Previously talked about important building.上一次讲座的内容? 19 世纪的 Streets and roads/roads and bridges
2. The important (railway line)built in the nineteenth century.
3. Mr. Brunel 对在某个区域航海的态度? 为什么没有参加? 认为船的一部分是 impossible
4. Engine is small in big ship 引擎在在大船上相对小
5. 他们找的 Specialist engine design 公司合作的 most experienced
6. wood and steel 用来做什么?reinforced by wood and steel
选择4：
7. What’s ship crew’s reaction to the accident? 船起火后船员的反应? 选 A
A. Jump into the water 跳水 B. Drowned 淹死 C.....
.. 为什么船起火后损失不是很大? 选：B(有一个 officer 带着 handy 灭火器解决了问题 从而损失不大)
A. training of emergency B. one office had a hand water pump C…….
9. How and why the ship survive in the trip from Bristol to London? Great Westerner 是怎么从 Bristol 到London 横渡大西洋的? 选：A. (因为它是在 London 安装上的 engine 的)
A. By sailing B. engine C. .
.0. 为什么在当时也有其他公司的汽船能横渡大西洋? 选：C.要赢得这项记录
A. 乘客多 B. 想打败竞争对手 C. Get or win a good record 要赢得这项记录
雅思听力提分训练素材：任天堂发布新游戏
雅思听力泛听内容：Retro-Games And Consoles Are The Latest Craze In The Gamer World
NOEL KING, HOST:
Nintendo has a new gaming console. Well, it's kind of new. The Super NES Classic is basically just a smaller version of a system that is almost 30 years old. Despite that, it sold out in hours, which is evidence maybe of a retro gaming craze. NPR's Adhiti Bandlamudi has the story.
任天堂有一个新的游戏机。嗯，有点新。超级任天堂经典版基本上只是一个小版本的系统，几乎是30岁。尽管如此，它在数小时内就卖光了，这可能是一场复古的游戏热。NPR的Adhiti Bandlamudi故事。
ADHITI BANDLAMUDI, BYLINE: Kelsey Lewin is a 23-year-old gamer in Seattle, Wash. She owns over 70 different gaming systems, and her collection keeps growing.
She wants to play every game on every console. She's a huge fan of Nintendo and finds the Nintendo 64, another kind of console, is especially important to her collection.
KELSEY LEWIN: If you go back to the beginnings of when I started falling in love with video games, the Nintendo 64 was a really big part of that. So I do collect from some nostalgic reasons. But, yeah, a lot of it is also just because I know that I haven't played everything, and I would really like to someday.
BANDLAMUDI: Lewin co-owns Pink Gorilla Games, a retro and imported videogame store. She says when she orders old consoles her customers buy them right away. A lot of it, she thinks, has to do with nostalgia.
LEWIN: I definitely think that's a part of it - a big part of it, even. But a lot of it is still that it just holds up today as well. So they still enjoy playing the NES not just because they remember playing it as a kid, but because it's still fun.
BANDLAMUDI: Brian Kim is a 25-year-old gamer from Virginia. He's playing "Contra," one of the classic games that comes pre-downloaded on the Super NES he just bought.
BRIAN KIM: When I was younger, my best friend had a Super Nintendo. And I used to go over to his house and I used to play that a lot. And there were a lot of times where I actually - because I didn't have the system I wanted to go to his house, and he wouldn't want to play because he had them.
BANDLAMUDI: But these old games aren't easy to play. The controls on these old consoles aren't as sensitive to players' movements as new consoles are. Kim is struggling to play "Contra."
KIM: The annoying thing is you can't move and shoot at the same time. You either shoot or you move. Oh, shoot. I fell into the fire.
BANDLAMUDI: And along with the revived popularity of these old consoles, there's a growing interest for the games that were played on them, too. "Contra" is just one of the games that's part of this revival. But people who collect these games and consoles aren't necessarily getting them to play them over and over again.
KIM: It's more so of just being able to say, like, I have this system. I have it as, like, a collectible and have it kind of displayed for myself.
BANDLAMUDI: This trend is sweeping the gamer world. Fans are buying other old consoles like the Atari and the Sega Genesis, too. And they're not cheap. When Nintendo brought back the Super NES, it sold for about $80. But if you're trying to get one now on eBay, you could spend anywhere from $150 to $200. Adhiti Bandlamudi, NPR News.
Tamara Keith, NPR News.
雅思听力高频词汇
trend 趋势
sweep 打扫
pre-downloaded 预下载
over and over again 一遍又一遍
nostalgic 怀旧
go over 过去
consoles 控制台
雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解
