GRE等价是什么题型
GRE等价是什么题型?入门新手必看GRE填空SE题型解题策略实例分析,我们一起来学习一下吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
GRE等价是什么题型?入门新手必看GRE填空SE题型解题策略实例分析
GRE句子等价题基本概念介绍
新GRE句子等价题(Sentence Equivalence)，也叫单空双选题， 只有一个空格，要求从提供的六个选项中选出两个正确答案(只选出一个正确答案者不得分)，而且要做到两个答案各自所构成的句子是等价的，即意义相同。GRE句子等价题强调对同一语境下的同义关系的把握，因为所选的两个答案在同一个句子中必须是同义词。需要注意的是，GRE等价题中可能出现的同义词并非只有一组，6个选项中包含2组甚至3组同近义词的情况也是存在的，如果考生想要采取直接看答案找同义词选项做题的取巧方法，可能反而会搬起石头砸自己的脚。
GRE句子等价题解题策略讲解
由此可见，句子等价题可以视为两类题的叠加：目前的GRE考试的句子填空中的单空题加上语境中的同义词选择。同样，做题的技巧也可以是上述两类题各自做题技巧的迭加。首先，考生可以根据句子填空的单空题的做题方法(即根据句子本身的语义与逻辑)确定第一个答案。然后，根据句子的语境，找一个语义上与第一个答案近似的词。这样我们就可以确定所要求的两个答案。比起直接看选项寻找成对的近义词，这种先确定一个单词再找其匹配选项的做法才是更有效率的解答等价题的方法。
GRE等价题解题思路实例分析
例题：
Although it does contain some pioneering ideas, one would hardly characterize the work as BLANK。
A. orthodox
B. eccentric
C. original
D. trifling
E. conventional
F. innovative
解析：although说明主句与从句部分构成转折关系。同时，由于主句中的hardly表示否定，那么可以确定空格中要填的词与从句中的 pioneering(创新的)为同义词，F. innovative(创新的)符合要求，为第一个答案。C. original(原创的)为innovative在此语境中的同义词，因此是第二个答案。
总而言之，GRE句子等价题对于考生的考验不仅在于GRE词汇本身，更重要的是强调了对核心词汇的深度认识和理解以及在此基础上的同近义词辨析以及实际运用能力，因此，做好等价题考生需要做的已不仅仅是背熟GRE考试词汇那么简单了，其中需要用到的解题技巧，希望大家能够在看过本文后有更深一层的理解。
GRE填空考试的秘密
(4) 凭借具有指示作用的形容词或代词来寻找重复
Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.
A. manufacture.. accomplished B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined
D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted
下半句的such a coincidence说明第一空格的动词填入后应体现为是一种巧合，两个看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一样的东西(非相关专业的绝大部分学生是不太可能认识mitochondria和chloroplasts这两个词的)怎样了一个长的、可以认为是一模一样的DNA序列就是一个巧合呢?当然只有D的share表示了这个意思。
Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.
A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented.. antiquated C. repealed.. vulnerable
D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable
Which指代逗号前面的那句话，也就是“法律不保障社会秩序”，这就使得法律怎样呢?当然只有D选项的ineffective符合句意。
3. 对于含义晦涩的句子，判断语气或感情色彩是有效地解决方法，有时候甚至是唯一的方法。
Johnson never ___ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if ___ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.
A. deigned.. tacit B. attempted.. halfhearted C. intended.. direct
D. scrupled.. literal E. wished.. feigned
这句话对于英语阅读能力较差的学生来说，通过正常的阅读理解来做还是有些难度的。但是如果注意到whatever the effects on his subordinates(无论对下级产生什么影响)的语气，就可以判断第一空格填入后应表示johnson干的不是什么好事，唯一符合这一判断的是D选项。
Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater ___ their efforts to build a progressive party than the ___ of the progressives already elected to the legislature.
A. support for.. advocacy B. threat to.. promise C. benefit from.. success
D. obstacle to.. resistance E. praise for.. reputation
如果知道encounter的正确用法，就可以判断第一空格应填入一个负面色彩的词，这样就轻松排除了A、C、E三个选项，结合后面的意思来看，只能选D。
Although ___ is usually thought to spring from regret for having done something wrong, it may be that its origin
is the realization that one's own nature is irremediably ___.
A. contrition.. resilient B. certitude.. confident C.skepticism.. innocent
D. remorse.. flawed E. resignation. frivolous
第二空格被副词irremediably(不可救药地)修饰，根据这个词带出的语气可以判断第二空格应填入一个负面色彩的词，符合这一判断的只有D、E两个选项。第一空格remorse的意思完全地对应“regret for having done something wrong”，故选D。
Any language is a conspiracy against experience in the sense that it is a collective attempt to ___ experience by reducing it into discrete parcels.
A. extrapolate B. transcribe C. complicate D. amplify E. manage
这句话如果没有看过相关背景的书籍几乎是不可理解的，但是我们可以通过语气和感情色彩的判断来排除错误的选项，最终剩下一个看不出错的选项，也就是正确选项了。因为语言是对抗经验的阴谋(conspiracy against)，所以空格应填入一个负面色彩的动作，只有C选项(使复杂化、使变得麻烦)和E选项(manage除了中性的经营管理之外，还可以表示负面的操纵控制)符合这一判断。结合方式状语by reducing(减少、分解、简化)来看，C选项应被排除，最后剩下仍然看不懂句意的E选项就对了。
4.推理判断时注意避免发散思维
Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases, acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are ___ would be expected to be very ___, but, surprisingly, they are not.
A. lethal.. rare B. untreated.. dangerous C. unusual.. refractory
D. new.. perplexing E. widespread.. acute
根据consequently提示的上下因果关系我们可以判断第一空格应填入severe的同义或反义，表示严重或不严重的词只有A选项。B选项表示未曾治疗的，D不用说了。C、E两个选项其实和是否严重没有关系，很多时候干扰选项的设置上利用了我们的习惯思维不缜密的、容易想当然的弱点。很多人会认为不寻常的、很少见的疾病就是严重的，寻常的、随处可见的疾病就是不严重的。但是只要稍微想一下就知道这里面没有任何必然的关系。
Although ___, almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays and essays a strong ___ publicity and controversy.
A. conventional.. interest in B. monotonous.. reliance on C. shy.. aversion toward
D. retiring.. penchant for E. evasive.. impatience with
第二空格根据转折关系显然只能选A、D两个选项，第一空格会有很多人觉得A选项可以选，因为觉得传统的人就是不喜欢抛头露面的，不喜欢与人争吵的。同样只要想想就该知道这里面没有任何必然的关系，并且即便我们中国传统的人真是这样，这里也没说他是中国人。这种干扰选项的设置路数和上一道题的感觉是完全一样的。
Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously ___.
A. meditative B. tepid C. categorical D. unoriginal E. insightful
干扰选项的设置和上两道题完全一样，A选项的沉思冥想并不表示她所应具有的高兴振奋的态度的相反，正确选项应为B选项(微温的，缺乏热情或激情的)，直接表明了与兴奋激动的态度的相反特征。
5.ETS总是倾向于把词义的对应上最为直接的、形同废话的选项设为正确选项
The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a ___ system; its strata remain ___ and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.
A. health.. skilled B. delivery.. basic C. regimental.. flexible
D. training.. inferior E. caste.. intact
医疗职业的等级(hierarchy)在许多方面是一个等级体系(caste system)
The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly ___, most frequently by human intervention.
A. celebrated B. predicted C. observed D. disturbed E. questioned
被掠食者和掠食者之间的自然平衡被人类的干扰(intervention)干扰(disturbed)了
Poe's ___ reviews of contemporary fiction, which often find great merit in otherwise ___ literary gems, must make us respect his critical judgment in addition to his well-known literary talent.
A. thorough.. completed B. petulant.. unpopular C. insightful.. unappreciated
D. enthusiastic.. acclaimed E. harsh.. undeserving
爱伦坡有判断力的(insightful)现代小说评论使得我们佩服他的判断力(critical judgment)
Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles has been constantly ___ over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability.
A.appreciated B. emulated C. criticized D. revised E. reprinted
十分恰当的是，这部充满了变迁(changing)的时代、变迁的风格的作品多年以来一直被改变(revise)，从而反映了它自身的可变性(mutability)
GRE填空练习材料
1. As for the alleged value of expert opinion, one need only ______ government records to see______ evidence of the failure of such opinions in many fields.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A distribute D questionable
B consult E strong
C retain F circumstantial
2. Noting that few employees showed any______for complying with the corporations new safety regulations, Peterson was forced to conclude that acceptance of the regulations would be______, at best.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A enthusiasm D grudging
B indifference E indeterminate
C rectitude F unavoidable
3. Yellow fever, the disease that killed 4,000 Philadelphians in 1793, and so______Memphis, Tennessee, that the city lost its charter, has reappeared after nearly two decades in______in the Western Hemisphere.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A decimated D abeyance
B terrorized E secret
C corrupted F quarantine
4. Nature’s energy efficiency often______human technology: despite the intensity of the light fireflies produce, the amount of heat is negligible; only recently have humans developed chemical light-producing systems whose efficiency______ the firefly’s system.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A admire D elusive
B dismiss E relevant
C adapt F unconventional
5. Hampshire’s assertions, far from showing that we can______the ancient puzzles about objectivity, reveal the issue to be even more______than we had thought.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A candid D soliciting
B idiosyncratic E altering
C reticent F eschewing
6. Though extremely______about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly______information about what they intended to do next.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A outstrips D stimulates
B inhibits E rivals
C determines F reproduce
7. Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater ______their efforts to build a progressive party than the______of the progressives already elected to the legislature.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A an accepted D anachronism to
B an underground E concern about
C an unknown F defiance against
8. No longer______by the belief that the world around us was expressly designed for humanity, many people try to find intellectual______for that lost certainty in astrology and in mysticism.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A sustained D reasons
B restricted E substitutes
C hampered F justifications
9. Just as astrology was for centuries______faith, countering the strength of established churches, so today believing in astrology is an act of______ the professional sciences.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A benefit from D success
B obstacle to E reputation
C praise for F resistance
10. Many of the earliest colonial houses that are still standing have been so modified and enlarged that the______design is no longer______.
Blank (i) Blank (ii)
A embellished D discernible
B initial E applicable
C appropriate F attractive
GRE填空三空题练习
uralist democracies, or polyarchies. Dahl argues convincingly that the idea of democracy rests on political equality—the equality capacity of all citizens to determine or (i)___ collective decisions. Of course, as Dahl recognizes, if hierarchical ordering is (ii)___ in any structure of government, and if no society can guarantee perfect equality in the resources that may give rise to political influence, the democratic principle of political equality is (iii)___ of full realization. So actual systems can be deemed democratic only as approximations to the ideal.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A differ profoundly D reverse G distinction
B convergent E conventionality H equilibrium
C slightly differentiate F similarity I dissemination
2. Although the legal systems of England and the United States are superficially similar, they (i)___in their approaches to and uses of legal reasons: substantive reasons in the United States, whereas in England the (ii) ___ is true. This (iii)___ reflects a difference in the visions of law that prevail in the two counties. In England the law has traditionally been viewed as a system of rules; the United States favors a vision of law as an outward expression of the community’s sense of right and justice.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A hamper D circumstantial G incapable
B influence E inevitable H determined
C incorporate F neutral I possible
3. Although some censure became (i)___ during the 1980s, Dahl himself seems to support some of such earlier criticism. Although he (ii)___ that some Western intellectuals demand more democracy from polyarchies than is possible, he nevertheless ends his book by asking what changes in structures and consciousness might make political life more (iii)___ in present polyarchies.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A a fixed number of D revolution H reproduction of older ones
B abundant E disease G modification of connections
C minimal F generation I deduction of similarities
4. A major tenet of the neurosciences has been that all neurons (nerve cells) in the brains of vertebrate animals are formed early in development. An adult vertebrate, it was believed, must make do with (i)___ neurons: those lost through (ii)___ or injury are not replaced, and adult learning takes place not through generation of new cells but through (iii)___ among existing ones.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A characterized D monocratic G reveals
B subdued E gerontocracic H regrets
C overruled F democratic I approves
5. Evidence that the defendant in a criminal prosecution has a prior conviction may (i)___ jurors to presume the defendant’s guilt, because of their preconception that a person previously convicted of a crime must be inclined toward repeated criminal behavior. That commonly held belief is at least a (ii)___; not all former convicts engage in repeated criminal behavior. Also, jury may give more probative weight than objective analysis would allow to vivid photographic evidence depicting a shooting victim’s wounds, or may (iii)___ the weight of defense testimony that is not delivered in a sufficiently forceful or persuasive manner.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A stimulate D partial distortion of reality G underestimate
B deter E vivid reflection of imagination H exaggerate
C participate F precise calculation of certainty I reflect
6. The usage suggests that the creation and critical interpretation of literature are not (i)___ but mechanical processes; that the author of any piece of writing is not (ii)___ artist, but merely a laborer who cobbles existing materials (words) into more or less conventional structures. The term deconstruction implies that the text has been put together like a building or a piece of machinery, and that it is in need of being taken apart, not so much in order to (iii)___ it as to demonstrate underlying inadequacies, false assumptions, and inherent contradictions.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A instructive D a derivative G repair
B literal E an insipid H qualify
C organic F an inspired I construct
7. Most psychologists, perplexed by the feelings they acknowledge are aroused by aesthetic experience, have claimed that these emotions are genuine, but different in kind from nonaesthetic emotions. This, however, is (i)___ rather than an empirical observation and consequently lacks explanatory value. On the other hand, Gombrich argues that emotional responses to art are (ii)___; art triggers remembrances of previously experienced emotions. These debates have prompted the psychologist Radford to argue that people do experience real melancholy or joy in responding to art, but that these are (iii)___ responses precisely because people know they are reacting to illusory stimuli.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A a descriptive distinction D vivacious G zealous
B a body of profound knowledge E synonymous H lugubrious
C a valid evidence F ersatz I irrational
8. Until recently many astronomers believed that asteroids travel about the solar system (i)___ satellites. These astronomers assumed this because they considered asteroid-satellite systems inherently (ii)___. Theoreticians could have told them otherwise: even minuscule bodies in the solar system can theoretically have satellites, as long as everything is in proper scale. If a bowling ball were orbiting about the Sun in the asteroid belt, it could have a pebble orbiting it as far away as a few hundred radii (or about 50 meters) (iii)___ the pebble to the Sun’s gravitational pull.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A unaccompanied by D scathing G without losing
B unprecedented by E unstable H before reaping
C unparalleled by F soporific I as well as easing
9. For analytical purposes (i)___ political conduct has traditionally been divided into two categories. However, there are some common crimes that are so (ii)___ from a political act that the entire offense is regarded as political. These crimes, which are called "(iii)___" political offenses, are generally nonextraditable.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A salutary D unpredictable G aristocracy
B equality E general H promotion
C complicated F efficacious I grandiloquence
10. Social democracy is a general ethical ideal, looking to human (i)___ and brotherhood, and inconsistent, in its radical form, with such institutions as the family and (ii)___ property. Democratic government, on the contrary, is merely a means to an end, an (iii)___ for the better and smoother government of certain states at certain junctures. It involves no special ideals of life; it is a question of policy, namely, whether the general interest will be better served by granting all people an equal voice in elections.
BLANK1 BLANK2 BLANK3
A illegal D inseparable G ambiguous
B political E distinct H vague
C licit F capricous I relative
答案：ADH CDI AFH BDI AEG ADI CFH AEH BEG ADG
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GRE等价是什么题型
