一分钟英语如何使用“cost”

一分钟英语教你如何使用 “cost”，快来一起学习吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

一分钟英语|如何使用 “cost”

cost 作名词时意为费用、代价、成本;损失;诉讼费用。作及物动词：花费、值;使付出、使失去;需(努力)、费(事);costed、costing 估计成本。作不及物动词：估计成本;需要花费，需要付出高昂代价。主语是物,它后面常接“人+金钱”作宾语:

  The book  cost  me 100 yuan.

   这本书花了我一百元。

 The accident  cost  him his life.

 他为这场事故付出的代价是生命。

  The house  cost  me much money.

  这房子花了我许多钱。

及物动词用法

1、花费；价格为；值

It must cost a good deal to live here.

住在这里一定要花很多钱的。

2、使付出；使损失，使失去

Care less driving cost him hislife.

开车不小心使他丧了命。

3、需(努力)；费(事)

Courtesy costs little and means much.

礼貌不费事，意义却很大。

4、costed,costing估计…的成本

The work was costed by the engineer at $50,000.

这项工程据工程师估价为50000美元。

不及物动词用法

1、估计成本

We want a man who must be able to cost.

我们需要一个能计算成本的人。

2、需要花费,需要付出高昂代价

The furniture in the living room really costs.

起居室里的这套家具真花了不少钱。

常见搭配： the cost of以什么为代价、low cost廉价的、production cost生产成本、cost control成本控制。

cost, spend, 和pay用法总结：花钱怎么说才不出错

中学英语词汇是英语的常用词。熟练掌握中学词汇，就能流利说英语。

今天我们来学习cost, spend, 和pay的用法

请熟读例句到会说：

01cost需付费;价钱为;使丧失;使损失(动词)

It costs $5 a head to eat there.

这里吃饭每人五美元。

The hotel costs ￡65 per person per night.

酒店每晚每人房价65英镑。

That house must have cost them a pretty penny.

那房子肯定花了他们不少钱。

How much does it cost to fly to Beijing?

到北京机票多少钱?

cost用法需注意：

(不规则动词，过去式和过去分词为原形)

物做主语：某物cost(某人)多少钱

费用;价钱;成本;努力，代价，损失(名词)

The cost of living in the cities is soaring.

城市里生活成本在大幅上涨。

He saved his daughter at the cost of his life.

他牺牲自己救出了女儿。

02spend花费，花(钱);花(时间);度过(动词)

How much money do you spend each month?

你每月花多少钱?

He spent too much money on horse racing.

他花在赛马上的太多了。

I went to spend a few days at the seaside.

我到海边呆了几天。

spend用法注意：

(不规则动词，过去式和过去分词为spent)

人做主语：

Most of his time is spent (in)travelling.

他的时间大多花在旅行上。

(此句被动句)

Spend时间/钱on something

Spend 时间/钱 (in)doing something

03pay付费;付酬;偿还(动词)

How would you like to pay?

您打算怎么付钱?

Children over the age of 12 must pay full fare.

12岁以上儿童须付全票。

He still hasn't paid me the money he owes me.

他还没有还他欠我的钱。

I paid them 200 yuan for the car's damage.

对车的损失，我赔了他们200元。

pay用法需注意：

(不规则动词，过去式和过去分词为paid)

人做主语：某人pay多少钱(for something为某物)

工资;薪水(名词)

I can't live on my low pay.

我无法靠这点工资过日子。

He would work overtime, without pay, to finish a job.

他会加班加点不领报酬完成工作。

常用短语：

Pay off

He managed to pay off his debts in two years.

他设法在两年内还清了债务。

In the long term, our efforts will pay off.

从长期看，我们的努力是有回报的。

Honesty will pay off.

诚实必有好报。

英语限定词及分类

■按照限定词与限定词的相互搭配关系，限定词可分为前位限定词(pre-determiner)、中位限定词(central determiner)和后位限定词(post-determiner)。

■限定词的相互搭配关系为：前位+中位+后位

■在这三类限定词中，前位限定词与前位限定词以及中位限定词与中位限定词是相互排斥的，后位限定词与后位限定词之间虽不相互排斥但有搭配限制。

■前位限定词包括：all, both, half; double, twice, three times, etc; one-third, two-fifths, etc; what, such, (a / an)等。

■中位限定词包括：

冠词：a(n), the

指示代词：this, that, these, those

形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, our, etc

名词属格：Jim’s, my mother’s

不定代词：some, any, no, every, each, either, neither, enough, etc

连接代词what(ever), which(ever), whose, etc

■后位限定词包括：one, two, three, etc; first, second, third, etc; next, last, other, another, etc; many, much, (a) few, (a) little, fewer, (the) fewest, less, (the) least, more, most; several, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a great / large / good number of, a great / good deal of, a large / small amount of; such等。

常用英语语法术语对照表

语法 grammar

句法 syntax

词法 morphology

结构 structure

层次 rank

句子 sentence

从句 clause

词组 phrase

词类 part of speech

单词 word

实词 notional word

虚词 structural word

单纯词simple word

派生词derivative

复合词compound

词性part of speech

名词 noun

专有名词 proper noun

普通名词 common noun

可数名词 countable noun

不可数名词 uncountable noun

抽象名词 abstract noun

具体名词 concret noun

物质名词 material noun

集体名词 collective noun

个体名词 individual noun

介词 preposition

连词 conjunction

动词 verb

主动词 main verb

及物动词 transitive verb

不及物动词 intransitive verb

系动词 link verb

助动词 auxiliary verb

情态动词 modal verb

规则动词 regular verb

不规则动词 irregular verb

短语动词 phrasal verb

限定动词 finite verb

非限定动词 infinite verb

使役动词 causative verb

感官动词 verb of senses

动态动词 event verb

静态动词 state verb

感叹词 exclamation

形容词 adjective

副词 adverb

方式副词 adverb of manner

程度副词 adverb of degree

时间副词 adverb of time

地点副词 adverb of place

修饰性副词 adjunct

连接性副词 conjunct

疑问副词 interogative adverb

关系副词 relative adverb

代词 pronoun

人称代词 personal pronoun

物主代词 possesive pronoun

反身代词 reflexive pronoun

相互代词 reciprocal pronoun

指示代词 demonstrative pronoun

疑问代词 interrogative pronoun

关系代词 relative pronoun

不定代词 indefinite pronoun

物主代词 possecive pronoun

名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun

形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun

冠词 article

定冠词 definite article

不定冠词 indefinite article

数词 numeral

基数词 cardinal numeral

序数词 ordinal numeral

分数词 fractional numeral

形式 form

单数形式 singular form

复数形式 plural form

限定动词 finite verb form

非限定动词 non-finite verb form

原形 base form

从句 clause

从属句 subordinate clause

并列句 coordinate clause

名词从句 nominal clause

定语从句 attributive clause

状语从句 adverbial clause

宾语从句 object clause

主语从句 subject clause

同位语从句 appositive clause

时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time

地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place

方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner

让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession

原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause

结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result

目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose

条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition

真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition

非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition

含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition

错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition

句子 sentence

简单句 simple sentence

并列句 compound sentence

复合句 complex sentence

并列复合句 compound complex sentence

陈述句 declarative sentence

疑问句 interrogative sentence

一般疑问句 general question

特殊疑问句 special question

选择疑问句 alternative question

附加疑问句 tag question

反义疑问句 disjunctive question

修辞疑问句 rhetorical question

感叹疑问句 exclamatory question

存在句 existential sentence

肯定句 positive sentence

基本句型 basic sentence patern

否定句 negative sentence

祈使句 imperative sentence

省略句 elliptical sentence

感叹句 exclamatory sentence

句子成分 members of sentences

主语 subject

谓语 predicate

宾语 object

双宾语 dual object

直接宾语 direct object

间接宾语 indirect object

复合宾语 complex object

同源宾语 cognate object

补语 complement

主补 subject complement

宾补 object complement

表语 predicative

定语 attribute

同位语 appositive

状语 adverbial

句法关系 syntatic relationship

并列 coordinate

从属 subordination

修饰 modification

前置修饰 pre-modification

后置修饰 post-modification

限制 restriction

双重限制 double-restriction

非限制 non-restriction

数 number

单数形式 singular form

复数形式 plural form

规则形式 regular form

不规则形式 irregular form

格 case

普通格 common case

所有格 possessive case

主格 nominative case

宾格 objective case

性 gender

阳性 masculine

阴性 feminine

通性 common

中性 neuter

人称 person

第一人称 first person

第二人称 second person

第三人称 third person

时态 tense

过去将来时 past future tense

过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense

过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense

一般现在时 present simple tense

一般过去时 past simple tense

一般将来时 future simple tense

现在完成时 past perfect tense

过去完成时 present perfect tense

将来完成时 future perfect tense

现在进行时 present continuous tense

过去进行时 past continuous tense

将来进行时 future continuous tense

过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense

现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense

过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense

语态 voice

主动语态 active voice

被动语态 passive voice

语气 mood

陈述语气 indicative mood

祈使语气 imperative mood

虚拟语气 subjunctive mood

否定 negation

否定范围 scope of negation

全部否定 full negation

局部否定 partial negation

转移否定 shift of negation

语序 order

自然语序 natural order

倒装语序 inversion

全部倒装 full inversion

部分倒装 partial inversion

直接引语 direct speech

间接引语 indirect speech

自由直接引语 free direct speech

自由间接引语 free indirect speech

一致 agreement

主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement

语法一致 grammatical agreement

概念一致 notional agreement

就近原则 principle of proximity

强调 emphasis

重复 repetition

语音 pronunciation

语调 tone

升调 rising tone

降调 falling tone

降升调 falling-rising tone

文体 style

正式文体 formal

非正式文体 informal

口语 spoken/oral English

套语 formulistic expression

英国英语 British English

美国英语 American English

用法 usage

感情色彩 emotional coloring

褒义 commendatory

贬义 derogatory

幽默 humorous

讽刺 sarcastic

挖苦 ironic

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