2020年高级商务英语翻译练习题

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2020年高级商务英语翻译练习题三

Roughly 600,000 Travelers Are Stranded Around the World

Thomas Cook, a 178-year-old British travel company and airline, declared bankruptcy early Monday morning, suspending operations and leaving hundreds of thousands of tourists stranded around the world.

The travel company operates its own airline, with a fleet of nearly 50 medium- and long-range jets, and owns several smaller airlines and subsidiaries, including the German carrier Condor. Thomas Cook still had several flights in the air as of Sunday night but was expected to cease operations once they landed at their destinations.

Condor posted a message to its site late Sunday night saying that it was still operating but that it was unclear whether that would change. Condor’s scheduled Monday-morning flights appeared to be operating normally.

About 600,000 Thomas Cook customers were traveling at the time of the collapse, of whom 150,000 were British, the company told CNN.

The British Department for Transport and Civil Aviation Authority prepared plans, under the code name “Operation Matterhorn,” to repatriate stranded British passengers. According to the British aviation authority, those rescue flights would take place until October 6, leading to the possibility that travelers could be delayed for up to two weeks.

Initial rescue flights seemed poised to begin immediately, with stranded passengers posting on Twitter that they were being delayed only a few hours as they awaited chartered flights.

The scale of the task has reports calling it the largest peacetime repatriation effort in British history, including the operation the government carried out when Monarch Airlines collapsed in 2017.

Costs of the flights were expected to be covered by the ATOL, or Air Travel Organiser’s License, protection plan, a fund that provides for repatriation of British travelers if an airline ceases operations.

Airplanes from British Airways and easyJet would be among those transporting stranded passengers home, according to The Guardian, as well as chartered planes from leasing companies and other airlines. Thomas Cook Airlines’ destinations included parts of mainland Europe, Africa, the US, the Caribbean, and the Middle East. Airplanes were being flown to those destinations on Sunday night, according to the BBC.

The company was still selling tickets until Sunday night in the UK.

One Plymouth, England-based traveler who had booked a vacation to the Greek island of Zakynthos for August 2020 told Business Insider that she saw Thomas Cook had charged her more than £600 by direct debit on Sunday afternoon for the trip but that she was not due to be charged until Thursday. It was unclear whether she would be able to recoup the funds with the bankruptcy declaration.

Thomas Cook, as well as a union representing some of its 9,000 UK employees, had sought an emergency funding plan from the British government. Government sources, however, “had questioned the financial wisdom of stepping in to save the company,” according to the BBC. The company employs 21,000 globally.

While Thomas Cook managed to recover from a risk of insolvency in 2011, it continued to be held back by lingering debts. It also suffered by lower demand over the past two summer travel seasons, as major heat waves led many Britons to stay home. Brexit uncertainties and a weak pound also contributed, according to The Telegraph.

英国旅游业巨头破产，六十万游客滞留世界各地

拥有178年历史的英国旅游及航空公司托马斯库克本周一(9月23日)凌晨宣布破产，暂停运营，导致数十万游客滞留在世界各地。

这家旅游公司旗下的航空公司有近50架中远程喷气式飞机，并拥有数家规模较小的航空公司和子公司，其中包括德国秃鹰航空。截至上周日晚间，托马斯库克仍有几架航班在空中飞行，但预计一旦飞机抵达目的地，就会停飞。

秃鹰航空周日晚间在其网站上发布消息称，公司仍在运营，但尚不清楚是否会有变化。秃鹰航空本周一上午的预定航班似乎运行正常。

托马斯库克公司告诉美国有线新闻网说，公司倒闭时，大约有60万名客户在旅行途中，其中15万是英国人。

英国交通部和民航局制定了代号为“马特洪恩行动”的计划，将滞留的英国乘客送回国。英国民航局表示，这些救援航班将持续运行到10月6日，这可能会导致乘客被延误至多两周。

第一批救援航班似乎很快就起飞了，被困乘客发推文称，他们在等待包机时，只被延误了几个小时。

有报道称，这是英国历史上规模最大的和平时期遣送行动，比2017年君主航空公司倒闭时实施的政府行动规模更大。

这些航班的费用预计将由ATOL(航空旅行组织者许可证)保护计划承担。如果一家航空公司停止运营，该基金将为英国游客提供遣送服务。

据《卫报》报道，英国航空公司和易捷航空公司的飞机，以及租赁公司和其他航空公司的包机，都将参与运送被困乘客返回英国。托马斯库克航空公司的目的地包括欧洲大陆部分地区、非洲、美国、加勒比海地区和中东。据英国广播公司报道，上周日晚上，救援飞机被派往这些目的地。

直到上周日晚上，该公司还在英国售票。

一位来自英国普利茅斯的旅行者在托马斯库克公司预订了2020年8月去希腊扎金索斯岛度假的行程，她告诉商业内幕网说，她发现该公司在上周日下午直接扣款了600多英镑(约合人民币5310元)，而她本应在本周四再支付这笔款项。目前还不清楚她是否能够通过破产声明要回这笔钱。

托马斯库克以及代表其9000名英国雇员中部分员工的工会已向英国政府寻求一项紧急融资计划。然而，据英国广播公司报道，政府消息人士“对介入拯救该公司的想法提出了质疑”。该公司在全球拥有2.1万名员工。

尽管托马斯库克在2011年成功地从破产风险中复苏，但它仍受到挥之不去的债务拖累。在过去的两个夏季旅游季节里，由于猛烈的热浪导致许多英国人呆在家里，公司也受到旅游需求下降的影响。据《每日电讯报》报道，英国脱欧的不确定性和英镑疲软也起到了推波助澜的作用。

2020年高级商务英语翻译练习题四

How Firms Making Clothes, Cars and Computers Would Respond to an All-out Trade War

LLamasoft, a supply-chain analytics firm, looked at representative American MNCs in clothing, cars and electronics to assess the impact of America’s threatened imposition of a 25% tariff on all Chinese imports. It assumed firms would move sourcing and manufacturing out of China only as much as economic logic dictates. The analysis recognised the costs of moving production and the benefits of reduced inventories, cheaper logistics and shorter cycle times for inventory from positioning supplies closer to consumers.

The clothing industry would see total costs jump by 11% after such tariffs. Sourcing costs would rise by 23% and manufacturing costs by 43%, but nearshoring would improve average cycle times from 19 to 14 days. Overall costs in the car industry would increase by less than 4%, but that would mask powerful counter-currents from the shift to regional hubs. Manufacturing costs would shoot up by 21%, but sourcing costs would drop by 25%. With cycle times falling from 127 days to 95, inventory and logistics costs would be cut.

The electronics sector, which has strong roots in China, would see an increase in total costs of only 2%. Because making such kit outside the mainland is much pricier, even the modest amount of nearshoring assumed sends manufacturing costs shooting up by 28%. However, the reduction in cycle times from 35 days to 28 days would cut logistics costs and inventory costs dramatically..

制造服装、汽车和电脑的公司会如何应对全面贸易战

供应链分析公司LLamasoft研究了美国的服装、汽车和电子行业中具代表性的跨国公司，以评估美国威胁要对所有中国进口产品征收25%关税的影响。它假设企业会完全按照经济逻辑将一部分采购和制造从中国转移出去。该分析考虑到了转移生产的成本，以及让供应更接近消费者所带来的库存减少、物流成本降低和库存周期短的好处。

加征这样的关税后，服装行业的总成本将增加11%。采购成本将增加23%，制造成本增加43%，但近岸采购可将平均周期时间从19天减少到14天。汽车行业的总体成本将增加不到4%，但这将掩盖向区域中心转移带来的强大逆流。制造成本将增加21%，但采购成本将下降25%。随着周期时间从127天下降到95天，库存和物流成本将被削减。

牢固扎根于中国的电子行业的总成本仅将增长2%。因为在中国大陆之外制造这样的设备要贵得多，即使只假设适度的近岸采购，也会使制造成本上升28%。然而，将周期时间从35天减少到28天会大大降低物流和库存的成本。