新概念英语第二册第55课:Not a gold mine

新概念英语第二册第55课:Not a gold mine

Lesson 55   Not a gold mine并非金矿

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    What did the team find?
    Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called 'The Revealer' has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where -- it is said -- pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure. The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machine showed that there was gold under the ground. Very excited, the party dug a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless. The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly but did not find anything except an empty tin trunk. In spite of this, many people are confident that 'The Revealer' may reveal something of value fairly soon.
    参考译文
    最近，找到失踪宝藏的梦想差一点儿变成现实。一种叫“探宝器”的新机器已经发明出来，并被人们用来探测地下埋藏的金子。在靠近海边的一个据说过去海盗常在 里面藏金子的岩洞里，这种机器被派上了用场。海盗们过去常把金子埋藏在那个洞里，可后来却没能取走。一支用这种新机器装备起来的探宝队进入了这个岩洞，希 望找到埋藏着的金子。当这个队的队长正在检查洞口附近的土壤时，那台机器显示出它的下面埋有金子。队员们异常激动，就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑，但最后找到 的是一枚几乎一钱不值的小金币。队员们接着又把整个洞彻底搜寻了一遍，但除了一只空铁皮箱外什么也没找到。尽管如此，很多人仍然相信“探宝器”很快就会探 出值钱的东西来。
 
    New words and Expressions生词和短语
    gold
    n. 金子
 
    mine
    n. 矿
 
    treasure
    n. 财宝
 
    revealer
    n. 探测器
 
    invent
    v. 发明
 
    detect
    v. 探测
 
    bury
    v. 埋藏
 
    cave
    n. 山洞
 
    seashore
    n. 海岸
 
    pirate
    n. 海盗
 
    arm
    v. 武装
 
    soil
    n. 泥土
 
    entrance
    n. 入口
 
    finally
    adv. 最后
 
    worthless
    adj. 毫无价值的
 
    thoroughly
    adv. 彻底地
 
    trunk
    n. 行李箱
 
    confident
    adj. 有信心的
 
    value
    n. 价值
 

Lesson 55   自学导读First things first

　　课文详注  Further notes on the text
    1 .Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently.最近，找到失踌宝旅的梦想差一点儿变成现实。
       come true为固定短语，表示“(预言、期望等)成为事实”、“(愿望)实现”:
        His dream to travel around the world at last came true.
        他周游世界的梦想终于实现了。
 
    2 .The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.海盗们过去常把金子埋截在那个洞里.但后来却没能取走。
    (1)would在这里不表示过去将来时，而表示过去的习惯性动作，它后面跟动词原形(bury和fail)( cf‘本课语法)
    (2)fail to do sth表示“未能”、“不能”或“忘记”做某事:
        Don't fail to write to us.
        别忘记给我们写信。
        He failed to see the reason why they sent him away.
        他不了解他们把他打发走的原因。
    (3)collect的含义之一为“(去)取”、“接”:
        I'll collect my post on my way home.
        我将在回家时顺路取我的邮件。
        Don't fail to collect me before you go to the party.
        去参加晚会之前别忘了接我。
 
    3. Armed with the new machine…用这种新机器装备起来...
    arm(ed) with可以表示“带着”、“装着”、“穿着”等:
        Don't worry.I'm armed with an umbrella.
        别担心，我带着伞呢。
        You'd better arm yourself with a warm coat.
        你最好穿件暖和的外衣。
 
    4. the entrance to the cave，洞口。
    entrance可以表示“入口”、“大门”等;
        I can't find the entrance to the park.
        我找不到公园的入口。
        Is this the entrance of the park/your school?
        这是公园/你们学校的大门吗?
 
    5.Very excited,the party dug a hole two feet deep.队员们异常激动，就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑。
    (1)与armed with引导的短语相似，very excited也是过去分词(短语)作状语，表示主语所处的状态:
        very worried about his child,he phoned the police.
        他为他的孩子非常担心，(便)给警察局打了电话。
    (2)deep在表示“有...深”时要位于数字之后:
        We have a swimming pool six feet deep.
        我们有一个深6英尺的游泳池。
 
    6. ...‘The Revealer’ may reveal something of value fairly soon.
    ……“探宝器”很快就会探出值钱的东西来。
    of 表示其所修饰的名词具有某种性质、状况:
        The news is of great importance to us.
        这消息对我们非常重要。
        Tom is a boy of sixteen.
        汤姆是个16岁的男孩。
 
    语法 Grammar in use
    would用于表示过去的习惯性动作及其它与usef to的对比
    在第7课的语法中，我们学习了用过去进行时表示过去某段时间一直在干什么:
        They were preparing for the party for two whole days.
        整整两天他们一直在为晚会进行准备。
    在第31课的语法中，我们学习了用used to表示过去的习愤。
    would是另一个用于描述过去经常性行为的词，它与used to有时可以互换，有时则不可以，而且would需要指出具体时间，used to则不需要。
    (1)当used to暗示与现在的对照时.不可用would替换:
        I used to drink heavily,but I have given up drinking now.
        我过去喝酒很厉害，但我已戒了。
        I never used to eat a large breakfast ,but I do now.
        我过去早饭吃得不多、可现在我吃得很多。
    (2)当used to描写过去的状态时，也不可与would互换，would只
    表示过去特有的习惯或行为:
        I used to be a waiter,but now I'm a taxi-driver.
        我过去是个侍者，但现在我是出租汽车司机。
        They used to awn a car.
        他们过去有辆车。
    (3)当used to不强调与现在的对比时，可与would互换。但一个故事开头时不用would，必须首先用一般过去时或used to描述背景，然后用would表示习惯性动作:
        When I was a boy we always spent/used to spend our holidays on a farm.We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.
        我小时候经常在农场度假。我们总是5点起床，帮助挤牛奶。
 
    词汇学习  Word study
    1. use,be used to 与 used to
    (1)use通常为及物动词，表示“用”、“使用”、“运用”、“应用”等:
        May I use your dictionary / car?
        我可以用一下你的字典/汽车吗?
        I don't know how to use the word.
        我不知道如何使用这个单词。
        The machine has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground.
        这机器已被人们用来探测地下埋藏的金子。(use用于被动语态，后面的to引导表示目的的不定式，不可与be used to及used to混淆)
    (2)be used to表示“习惯于”，后面跟名词或动名词，be也可用get等代替:
        I'm used to shopping alone.
        我习惯于一个人购物。
        I'm used to getting up early.
        我习惯于早起。
        I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker.
        我开始当面包师不久就习惯早起了。
    (3)used to表示过去有而现在通常已不存在的习惯，只用于一般过去时，后面只能跟动词不定式:
        I used to get up early when I worked as a baker,but I don't have to get up early now.
        当面包师的时候，我常起得很早，不过我现在用不着早起了。
        You didn't use to smoke.
        你过去不抽烟。
        You never used to smoke.
        你过去从不抽烟。(用never的否定式更常见)
 
    2. gold 与 golden
    (1)gold通常为名词，表示“金”、“黄金”、“金币”、“金块”等:
        The machine showed that there was gold under the ground.
        这机器显示这儿的地底下有金子。
        He loves gold more than anything else.
        他爱金子胜过一切。
    当gold作形容词使用修饰其他名词时，它往往表示“金的’，:
        When Frank retired,they gave him a gold watch.
        弗兰克退休时，他们送了他一块金表。
    (2)golden通常为形容词，表示“金色的”、“(机会等)非常好的”或“兴盛的”等:
        As the sun set,the sky became golden.
        太阳落山时，天空变成了金黄色。
        As he grew older,he always thought about the golden days of his life.
        随着年龄的增大，他经常想起自己的黄金时代。
        You've missed a golden chance to make a lot of money.
        你失掉了一个挣大钱的好机会。
 

Lesson 55   课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer