重点高一英语语法知识点梳理精选5篇
英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。下面就是小编给大家带来的高一英语语法总结,希望能帮助到大家!
高一英语语法1
1. be good to 对……友好 be good for 对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…
2. add up 加起来 增加
add up to 合计,总计
add… to 把……加到……
3. not…until/till 意思是“直到…才”
4. get sth/sb done 使……完成/使某人被……
5. calm down平静下来
6. be concerned about 关心 关注
7. 当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.
8. cheat in the exam
9. go through 经历;度过;获准,通过
10. hide away 躲藏;隐藏
11. set down 写下,记下
12. I wonder if….. 我不知道是不是….
12. on purpose 故意
13. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事
it so happened that ……正巧 碰巧
14. It is the first (second…) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
15. in one’s power 处于……的控制之中
16. It’s no pleasure doing…. 做…..没有乐趣
It’s no good/ use doing sth. 做某事是没好处/没用的
17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. it做形式宾语
18. suffer from 患…病;遭受
19. so…that… /such…thay…
20. get tired of…. 对…感到劳累 疲惫
21. have some trouble with sb/sth. 在……上遇到了麻烦
22. get along with sb/sth. 与某人相处
23. ask(sb)for advice. (向某人)征求建议
24. make 后接复合宾语,宾语补足语须用不带to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb. do sth.让 (使)某人做某事
make sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人/物…
make sb./ oneself +v-ed 让某人/自己被…
When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
make sb.+n. 使某人成为…
25. alone /lonely. 单独的/孤独的
26. I would be grateful if… 委婉客气提出请求
27. Why not do….. = why don’t you do…
高一英语语法2
一般过去时
1. 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
[例句] She went to the zoo yesterday.
2. 在时间、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。
[例句] He said when she came he would tell her.
六、现在完成时
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
[例句] —Have you had your supper yet? —Yes, I have just had it.
2. 常与介词for, during, in, within, over等引导的时间状语连用, 表示过去的某一行为一直延续到现在。
[例句] I haven’t seen my English teacher for a long time.
3. 表示反复或习惯性的动作, 常与several times, once, twice, frequently等频度副词连用。
[例句] I have been to the USA several times.
4. 表示从过去到现在没有发生过的动作。
[例句] I haven’t swept the floor for a week.
5. 用在时间、条件状语从句中, 表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。
[例句] I’ll tell him after you have left.
6. 在“级+ 名词”或在“这是第几次…”之后跟定语从句,从句用现在完成时。
[例句] ①This is the third time I have been there.
②This is the best tea I have ever drunk.
高一英语语法3
就近原则 1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如: Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了. Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。 Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away? 你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢? 2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither„.nor, not only„.but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如: Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事. He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。 注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如: Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。 The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为单数。 Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是一个饲养宠物的人。 重要词汇拓展 1 sunburn v.日晒,晒黑→sunburnt adj.晒黑的 2 struggle v./n.挣扎,奋斗,努力 struggle against struggle for struggle with 3 decade n.十年,十年期 4 super n.冗员, 额外人员; [口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的 5. hunger n.饥饿,渴望/v.使饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的;渴望的 6.output n. 产量,输出,input 输入,消费 7.disturbing adj 引起烦恼的,令人不安的,disturb v. 打扰,麻烦 8.expand vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸 9. circulate v.循环,流通→circulation n.循环,流传 第4 / 7页 10. battle n.战役,战斗 v.搏斗,奋斗 11. therefore adv.因此,所以 12. rid vt 摆脱,除去 13.freedom n 自由,自主→ free adj 自由的,免费的 14.equip v.配备,装备→equipment n.设备 15. export v.输出,出口 n.输出(品)→import v.输入,进口 n.进口(品) 16.nationality n 国籍,national adj 国家的,民族的 nation n. 国家 17.occupation n 工作,职业,占领 occupy v.占用,使从事,把注意力集中于...占领, 占据 18.confuse v.使迷惑,使为难→confused adj.感到迷惑的 confusing adj.令人迷惑的 19 regret v./n.后悔,遗憾→regretful adj.后悔的,遗憾的 20.production n.生产,制造,productive 可生产的,可制造的,produce –v 生产,制造 21.discovery n. 发现,发觉,discover-v 发现, 22.focus v. 集中,聚焦,n 焦点,中心点 23. reduce v.减少,缩减→reduction n.减少,缩减 24 comment n./v.评论,议论 重点短语梳理 1 if not 如果不„. If so 如果这样, 2.consider oneself sth 自认为是„ consider sb sth 认为某人是„ 3.since then 从那时起 4.search for a way to do sth 寻找做某事的途径。 5.thanks to 幸亏,由于,因为 (to为介词) 6.rid„of„ 摆脱,除去 get rid of 除去„ 7. be satisfied with 对„„感到满意 8 would rather do than do宁愿,宁可„也不„=would do rather than do 9with the hope of 满怀希望.. 10.in some way 在某种程度上 11.cause damage to 对„ 造成危害。 12.build up 增强,强大 13. lead to 导致,造成(to为介词) 14. focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 15. keep„from/of 使„„免受(影响、伤害等) 重点句型再现 1. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. 袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。 (what引导的名词性从句在句中作宾语) 2. The special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same field. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。 (makes it possible 中it为形式宾语,to do不定式短语为真正宾语) 3. It’s a great pity that 很遗憾的是„. 4.Using his hybrid rice,farmers are producing harvest twice as large as before. 由于使用了他的杂质水稻,农民的丰收是以前的两倍。 第5 / 7页 (-ing动词短语作原因状语) 语法剖析(非谓语动词---动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语) 一、动词-ing形式作主语 ● 动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首,谓语用单数形式。例如:Listening to music is my sister’s hobby. ● 动词-ing形式作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构: 1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing 2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of „ etc. + v-ing 例如: It is no use crying over spilt milk. 二、动词-ing形式作宾语 ● 动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,又可作介词的宾语。 1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语: admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。 2. 在下列短语中,to是介词,后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语: be / get used to, look forward to, devote„to, pay attention to, object to等。 3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别: ● like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式;如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式,但要注意:如果like, love, prefer前有would,后面则接动词不定式。如:Would you like to go shopping with me? ● 下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同: forget doing 忘记已做过某事; forget to do 忘记要做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事; remember to do 记住要做某事 mean doing 意思是,意味着; mean to do 打算做 regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事 can’t help doing 禁不住做; can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。 ● 在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如: We don’t allow smoking in the classroom. We don’t allow students to smoke. ● 动词need, require, want作“需要”解时,其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如: Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed. 三、动词-ing的复合结构 动词-ing的复合结构即:物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。如: Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present. Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone? 四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式 (having done) 两种时态,一般式的被动语态是being done,完成式的被动语态是having been done。动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。 动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。例如: 第6 / 7页 I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.
高一英语语法4
现在完成时
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
[例句] —Have you had your supper yet? —Yes, I have just had it.
2. 常与介词for, during, in, within, over等引导的时间状语连用, 表示过去的某一行为一直延续到现在。
[例句] I haven’t seen my English teacher for a long time.
3. 表示反复或习惯性的动作, 常与several times, once, twice, frequently等频度副词连用。
[例句] I have been to the USA several times.
4. 表示从过去到现在没有发生过的动作。
[例句] I haven’t swept the floor for a week.
5. 用在时间、条件状语从句中, 表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。
[例句] I’ll tell him after you have left.
6. 在“级+ 名词”或在“这是第几次…”之后跟定语从句,从句用现在完成时。
[例句] ①This is the third time I have been there.
②This is the best tea I have ever drunk.
高一英语语法5
特殊的虚拟语气词:should
1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形, should 可省略。
句型:
(1)suggested
It is (2)important that…+ (should) do
(3) a pity
(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted; + (should) do
(2)important, necessary, natural, strange
a pity, a shame, no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
2)在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
注意: 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时",即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时,宾语从句用陈述语气。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
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