2023高一英语必背语法知识点总结5篇
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2023高一英语必背语法知识点总结5篇
英语是我们学习的主要科目之一,英语作为国际性语言,学好英语自然有很多好处。学习英语要从最基础的知识开始学,而且需要端正学习态度,因为学习外语需要坚持。下面就是小编给大家带来的高一英语语法总结,希望能帮助到大家!
高一英语语法1
同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如:
1) The king's decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。例如:
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语),而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如:
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语)
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。)(同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分)
高一英语语法2
一般现在时
1. 表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等时间状语连用。
[例句] He often does his homework in his study.
2. 表示主语现在的特征、性格和状态。
[例句] The dictionary belongs to me.
3. 表示客观规律或科学真理、格言, 以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。
[例句] The moon goes around the sun.
4. 在有连词if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中, 用一般现在时表将来。
[例句] If you work hard, you won’t fail in the exam.
高一英语语法3
表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外,常用的还有thereasonisthat…和Itisbecause等结构。例如:
1)Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.
2)Thisiswhywecan’tgetthesupportofthepeople.
3)Butthefactremainsthatwearebehindtheotherclasses.
4)Thereasonheislateforschoolisthathemissedtheearlybus.
四.同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1.同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如:
1)Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.
2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.
高一英语语法4
延续动词与瞬间动词
1) 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。 He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)
2) 用于till / until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……" He didn't come back until ten o'clock.
他到10 点才回来。
He slept until ten o'clock.
他一直睡到10点。
典型例题
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。
2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。
用一般过去时代替完成时
1) 两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过去时。
When she saw the mouse,she screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
2 ) 两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。 When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
高一英语语法5
1.prefer
Prefer doing…to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
2.advantages/disadvantages优势/劣势
2.Ever since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,介词since与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……至今已经多久了。
3.persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
4.强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说,如果被强调部分是人时,用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物,只能用连词that。
not…until的强调句
5.be fond of喜欢,喜爱
6.Although尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句
① although 从句多在句首,though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置,而且though 可以作副词用于句末,作“但是,不过”讲,而although 无此用法。
② as though(仿佛,好像),even though(即使,尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首,此用法同as),而 although 不可以。
7.insist on doing sth/sth.一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大
11.care about关心 在乎
care for喜欢,照料,照顾
12.change one’s mind改变主意
13.experience经历/经验
14.Once可作为从属连词,作“一(旦)……就……”解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时\现在完成时表将来。
Once you have begun you must continue.
15.give in让步 give up 放弃
16.instead of代替,而不是
17.make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事
18.a large parcel of一大包
19.as usual像往常一样
20.put up our tent搭帐篷
21.stay awake睡不着,醒着stay up熬夜
22.for company做伴
23.lie beneath the stars躺在星空下
24.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
25.go in the right direction走正确的方向
26.at a very slow pace.以很慢的速度
27.be similar to类似于
28.afford to do sth付得起,能承担
29.be tired from因……而疲劳be tired of对……厌倦
30.be in high spirits喜气洋洋,兴高采烈
31.come true实现,成真
32.give sb some advice on doing...
33.a guide to………的指南
34.on a tour在游览中,在巡演中
35.in detail详细地
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